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New Pharmacological Insights on Natural Macromolecules and Natural Small Molecules: 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 1042

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The molecules from natural products such as natural macromolecules, natural large molecules and natural small molecules are very valuable as important source materials for drug development. Natural macromolecules are widely used in various pharmacological applications such as pharmaceutical formulations, cell targeting and drug delivery systems. Natural macromolecules can be classified into proteins, carbohydrates, polysaccharides and nucleic acids according to their structural and physicochemical properties. Additionally, natural small molecules have played an important role in the experimental advances of organic chemistry and drug development. It has low molecular weight and includes lipids, monosaccharides, and other secondary metabolites. There are lots of natural small molecules that have proven pharmacological effects and are used as medicines. Natural macromolecules and natural small molecules are currently being researched as materials for pharmaceuticals in various fields and will become an even more important material for new drug development in the future. For these reasons, this Special Issue deals with natural macromolecules and natural small molecules obtained from different natural sources and provides insights on the chemistry, biological activities, biological nechanisms, and medical applications. We invite you to contribute your current work to this Special Issue as original research articles, review articles and short communications.

Dr. Dong-Sung Lee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • bioactive natural molecules
  • natural macromolecules
  • natural small molecules
  • drug delivery
  • inflammatoty diseases
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • skin diseases
  • cancer
  • metabolic diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 3027 KB  
Article
Camphor-10-Sulfonamide Amino Acid Esters: Synthesis, Antiviral Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Insights
by Krasimira Dikova, Neli Vilhelmova-Ilieva, Emilio Mateev and Zhanina Petkova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(2), 616; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27020616 - 7 Jan 2026
Viewed by 755
Abstract
The ongoing emergence of antiviral drug resistance underscores the critical need for new broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Sulfonamides and their derivatives have emerged as promising candidates for the development of new antiviral therapeutics. In this study, a series of camphor-10-sulfonamide derivatives was synthesized through [...] Read more.
The ongoing emergence of antiviral drug resistance underscores the critical need for new broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Sulfonamides and their derivatives have emerged as promising candidates for the development of new antiviral therapeutics. In this study, a series of camphor-10-sulfonamide derivatives was synthesized through a feasible and sustainable synthetic approach starting from naturally available precursors and evaluated for antiviral properties. Their activity was examined against three structurally distinct viruses—herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), human coronavirus (HCoV-OC43), and feline calicivirus (FCV)—representing both DNA and RNA, enveloped and non-enveloped types. The compounds were examined for their effects on viral replication, the stage of viral adsorption to the cell, and extracellular virions. The weakest cytotoxicity and the most pronounced activity of all the tested substances was demonstrated by the tryptophan derivative 7a. A time-dependent inhibition of the stage of adsorption of HCoV-OC43 (Δlg = 2.0 at 120 min) and FCV (Δlg = 1.75 at 60 min) to susceptible cells was established, as well as virucidal activity on the three types of virions tested, with the most pronounced effect at 120 min—for HSV-1 (Δlg = 2.75) and Δlg = 2.0 for HCoV-OC43 and FCV. Molecular docking studies performed using Glide (Schrödinger) provided insights into the active conformations of the most effective ligands and predicted possible interactions with relevant viral targets, supporting their potential as lead structures for further therapeutic development. Full article
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