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Atherosclerosis: From Molecular Mechanisms, Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition)

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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples Medical School, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: blood pressure; cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome; hypertension; atherosclerosis; cardiovascular epidemiology; metabolism; metabolic diseases; abdominal obesity; internal medicine
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atherosclerosis is a common condition of vascular aging. However, several factors could influence this process, resulting in increased cardiovascular risk at a young age.

In addition to well-known factors (e.g., high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and excess body weight), there are several emerging factors associated with atherosclerosis, such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, intestinal microbiota alteration, uric acid, vitamin D, or miRNA expression, that could potentially explain the residual cardiovascular risk.

This Special Issue on atherosclerosis aims to report the most current scientific evidence available on this topic and reviews of the current literature on the role of emerging factors in the development of atherosclerosis, as demonstrated by both experimental and clinical studies, in order to gather a large body of data from which to start to highlight new potential objectives for reducing cardiovascular risk.

Dr. Antonio Barbato
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • atherosclerosis
  • cardiovascular risk
  • arterial stiffness
  • blood pressure
  • vitamin D
  • miRNA
  • inflammation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

26 pages, 1608 KiB  
Review
Diabetes-Driven Atherosclerosis: Updated Mechanistic Insights and Novel Therapeutic Strategies
by Paschalis Karakasis, Panagiotis Theofilis, Dimitrios Patoulias, Panayotis K. Vlachakis, Antonios P. Antoniadis and Nikolaos Fragakis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(5), 2196; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26052196 - 28 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1269
Abstract
The global rise in diabetes prevalence has significantly contributed to the increasing burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. Diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis through mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and epigenetic dysregulation, [...] Read more.
The global rise in diabetes prevalence has significantly contributed to the increasing burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. Diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis through mechanisms such as hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and epigenetic dysregulation, leading to unstable plaques and an elevated risk of cardiovascular events. Despite advancements in controlling traditional risk factors like dyslipidemia and hypertension, a considerable residual cardiovascular risk persists, highlighting the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Emerging treatments, including sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, epigenetic modulators, and RNA-based therapies, are showing promise in addressing the unique challenges of diabetes-associated ASCVD. Precision medicine strategies, such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery and cell-specific therapies, offer further potential for mitigating cardiovascular complications. Advances in multiomics and systems biology continue to deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of diabetes-related atherosclerosis, offering a roadmap for future research and precision medicine approaches to mitigate cardiovascular risk in this growing population. Full article
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