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Oral Microbiota and Bone Regeneration
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Oral Microbiota and Bone Regeneration

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2025) | Viewed by 9495

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Biagio Rapone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy
Interests: periodontology; oral implantology; tissue regeneration; bone regeneration; oral surgery; microbiota; microbiome; biomedicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giuseppina Malcangi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
Interests: vaccines; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 pandemic; growth factors; microbiome; probiotics; orthodontics; implantology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Elisabetta Ferrara

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: anatomy; biostatistics; cell biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is our utmost pleasure to invite you to submit manuscripts to a Special Issue regarding one of the most current topics in dentistry: “Oral Microbiota and Bone Regeneration”.

In the past few years, there have been considerable developments in the field of oral biology, biochemistry, tissue engineering, bone regeneration and oral rehabilitation, with the utilization of various biomaterials.

Clinical dentistry has long been focused on macro changes in the oral cavity, and there needs to be a paradigm shift toward microscopic and chemical changes occurring in the oral cavity in response to various treatment procedures, altering the oral microbiota.

Therefore, with this Special Issue, we would like to encourage the submission of scientific articles that analyze the intra-individual bacterial transmission that characterizes the gingival and subgingival microbiomes during bone and tissue regeneration procedures in oral surgery, implantology and periodontology, as well as alterations in the oral microbiota following inflammatory states.

This Special Issue will provide an excellent forum to bring together different communities and publish research of a high caliber, which will be beneficial to healthcare. For this purpose, we invite you to submit original research articles, clinical articles, and reviews regarding any of the topics mentioned above.

We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Biagio Rapone
Dr. Giuseppina Malcangi
Dr. Elisabetta Ferrara
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental biomaterials
  • oral surgery
  • implantology
  • bone regeneration
  • tissue regeneration
  • microbiota
  • microbiome

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 11184 KiB  
Article
The Immunophenotype and the Odontogenic Commitment of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Co-Cultured with Macrophages Under Inflammatory Conditions Is Modulated by Complex Magnetic Fields
by Marialucia Gallorini, Noemi Mencarelli, Natalia Di Pietro, Viviana di Giacomo, Susi Zara, Alessia Ricci, Monica Rapino, Adriano Piattelli, Alessandro Cipollina and Amelia Cataldi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010048 - 24 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 894
Abstract
Dental inflammatory diseases remain a challenging clinical issue, whose causes and development are still not fully understood. During dental caries, bacteria penetrate the tooth pulp, causing pulpitis. To prevent pulp necrosis, it is crucial to promote tissue repair by recruiting immune cells, such [...] Read more.
Dental inflammatory diseases remain a challenging clinical issue, whose causes and development are still not fully understood. During dental caries, bacteria penetrate the tooth pulp, causing pulpitis. To prevent pulp necrosis, it is crucial to promote tissue repair by recruiting immune cells, such as macrophages, able to secrete signal molecules for the pulp microenvironment and thus to recruit dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in the damaged site. To date, root canal therapy is the standard for dental caries, but alternative regenerative treatments are gaining attention. Complex Multifrequency Magnetoelectric Fields (CMFs) represent an interesting tool due to their potential anti-inflammatory activity. Against this background, the present work aims at investigating whether the CMF treatment might restore redox balance in a co-culture model of DPSCs and inflamed macrophages mimicking an inflammatory condition, like pulpitis. Results show that superoxide anion levels and markers related to the polarization of macrophages are modulated by the CMF treatment. In parallel, the use of CMFs discloses an impact on the odontogenic commitment of DPSCs, their immunophenotype being considerably modified. In conclusion, CMFs, by modulating the odontogenic commitment and the anti-inflammatory response of DPSCs, might represent a suitable therapeutic tool against pulpitis and, in general, towards dental inflammatory diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiota and Bone Regeneration)
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20 pages, 11897 KiB  
Article
Genetic Patterns of Oral Cavity Microbiome in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
by Faisal Al-Sarraj, Raed Albiheyri, Mohammed Qari, Mohammed Alotaibi, Majid Al-Zahrani, Yasir Anwar, Mashail A. Alghamdi, Nada M. Nass, Thamer Bouback, Ibrahim Alotibi, Osman Radhwi, Bayan H. Sajer, Alya Redhwan, Mohammed A. Al-Matary, Enas A. Almanzalawi and Hazem S. Elshafie
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(16), 8570; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168570 - 6 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1409
Abstract
The Middle Eastern prevalence of sickle cell anemia, a genetic disorder that affects red blood cells, necessitates additional research. On a molecular level, we sought to identify and sort the oral microbiota of healthy individuals and those with sickle cell anemia. Furthermore, it [...] Read more.
The Middle Eastern prevalence of sickle cell anemia, a genetic disorder that affects red blood cells, necessitates additional research. On a molecular level, we sought to identify and sort the oral microbiota of healthy individuals and those with sickle cell anemia. Furthermore, it is crucial to comprehend how changes in the genetic makeup of the oral microbiota impact the state of sickle cell anemia. Using next-generation sequencing, the 16S rRNA amplicon was examined using saliva samples from 36 individuals with sickle cell anemia and healthy individuals. These samples were obtained from sickle cell anemia patients (18 samples) and healthy control participants (controls, 18 samples). Various analyses are conducted using bioinformatic techniques to identify distinct species and their relative abundance. Streptococcus, followed by Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella, and Veillonella were the most prevalent genera of bacteria in the saliva of the SCA and non-SCA individuals according to our findings. Rothia mucilaginosa, Prevotella scoposa, and Veillonella dispar species were the dominant species in both sickle cell anemia and non-sickle cell anemia subjects. Streptococcus salivarius, Actinomyces graevenitzii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Actinomyces georgiae spp. were the most prevalent bacterial spp. in the studied SCA cases. The sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene yielded relative abundance values that were visualized through a heatmap analysis. Alterations in the oral microflora’s constitution can significantly affect the susceptibility of sickle cell anemia patients to develop more severe health complications. Salivary diagnosis is a potential tool for predicting and preventing oral microbiome-related diseases in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiota and Bone Regeneration)
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Review

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28 pages, 462 KiB  
Review
Oral Health and Nutraceutical Agents
by Mariantonietta Leo, Floriana D’Angeli, Carlo Genovese, Antonella Spila, Chiara Miele, Dania Ramadan, Patrizia Ferroni and Fiorella Guadagni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9733; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179733 - 9 Sep 2024
Viewed by 2745
Abstract
Oral health is essential for both overall health and quality of life. The mouth is a window into the body’s health, and nutrition can strongly impact the state of general and oral health. A healthy diet involves the synergistic effect of various nutraceutical [...] Read more.
Oral health is essential for both overall health and quality of life. The mouth is a window into the body’s health, and nutrition can strongly impact the state of general and oral health. A healthy diet involves the synergistic effect of various nutraceutical agents, potentially capable of conferring protective actions against some inflammatory and chronic-degenerative disorders. Nutraceuticals, mostly present in plant-derived products, present multiple potential clinical, preventive, and therapeutic benefits. Accordingly, preclinical and epidemiological studies suggested a protective role for these compounds, but their real preventive and therapeutic effects in humans still await confirmation. Available evidence suggests that plant extracts are more effective than individual constituents because they contain different phytochemicals with multiple pharmacological targets and additive/synergistic effects, maximizing the benefits for oral health. Moreover, nutritional recommendations for oral health should be personalized and aligned with valid suggestions for overall health. This review is aimed to: introduce the basic concepts of nutraceuticals, including their main food sources; examine the logic that supports their relationship with oral health, and summarize and critically discuss clinical trials testing the utility of nutraceuticals in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiota and Bone Regeneration)
29 pages, 939 KiB  
Review
Therapeutic Strategies and Genetic Implications for Periodontal Disease Management: A Systematic Review
by Alessandra Laforgia, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Fabio Piras, Valeria Colonna, Roberto Vito Giorgio, Claudio Carone, Biagio Rapone, Giuseppina Malcangi, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Francesco Inchingolo, Andrea Palermo and Gianna Dipalma
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7217; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137217 - 29 Jun 2024
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 3811
Abstract
The objective of this review is to identify the microbiological alterations caused by various therapy modalities by critically analyzing the current findings. We limited our search to English-language papers published between 1 January 2004 and 7 May 2024 in PubMed, Scopus, and Web [...] Read more.
The objective of this review is to identify the microbiological alterations caused by various therapy modalities by critically analyzing the current findings. We limited our search to English-language papers published between 1 January 2004 and 7 May 2024 in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science that were relevant to our topic. In the search approach, the Boolean keywords “microbio*” AND “periodontitis” were used. A total of 5152 papers were obtained from the databases Web of Science (2205), PubMed (1793), and Scopus (1154). This resulted in 3266 articles after eliminating duplicates (1886), and 1411 entries were eliminated after their titles and abstracts were examined. The qualitative analysis of the 22 final articles is included in this study. Research on periodontal disease shows that periodontitis alters the oral microbiome and increases antibiotic resistance. Treatments like scaling and root planing (SRP), especially when combined with minocycline, improve clinical outcomes by reducing harmful bacteria. Comprehensive mechanical debridement with antibiotics, probiotics, EMD with bone grafts, and other adjunctive therapies enhances periodontal health. Personalized treatment strategies and advanced microbial analyses are crucial for effective periodontal management and antibiotic resistance control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiota and Bone Regeneration)
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