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Molecular Insights in Neuro-Ophthalmology

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 954

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
Interests: diabetic retinopathy; neuronal cell death; neurovascular units; axonal degeneration; glial changes; vascular abnormalities; neuroprotection; regeneration; optic coherence tomography; visual function
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neuronal cell death and degeneration are irreversible changes associated with the pathogenesis of all retinal and optic nerve diseases. Because neuronal cell death is directly related to vision loss, neuronal cell death must be prevented before the point of no return. Various types of cell death such as necrosis, apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagic cell death, ferroptosis, or necroptosis can be associated with the pathogenesis of retina and optic nerve diseases. Thus, multiple neuroprotective therapies against various types of cell death may be required for retinal and optic nerve diseases. To establish neuroprotective therapies, the precise mechanism of neuronal cell death must be elucidated. Otherwise, we cannot identify where the point of no return is. Furthermore, once axons are degenerated, no functional recovery can be obtained. Therefore, molecular pathogenesis of axonal degeneration and regeneration must be elucidated to establish regenerative therapies for retinal and optic nerve diseases.

This Special Issue focuses on the molecular mechanisms of neuronal cell death, as well as neuroprotective and regenerative therapies for retinal and optic nerve diseases. It covers all studies from bench to bed, and thus, clinical studies and trials for neuroprotective therapies are also welcome. We hope this Special Issue contributes to the development of medical science to a considerable degree.

Dr. Toshiyuki Oshitari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neuroprotection
  • neurodegeneration
  • neuronal cell death
  • regeneration
  • cell death and survival pathways
  • neurovascular unit
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • advanced glycation end products
  • ischemia
  • optic nerve injuries
  • glaucoma
  • optic neuritis
  • retinitis pigmentosa
  • diabetic retinopathy
  • age-related macular degeneration
  • retinal vein/artery occlusion
  • gene therapy
  • cell plantation
  • nutrients
  • neuroprotectants
  • drug delivery
  • translational research

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 3328 KB  
Case Report
Pathogenesis of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Associated with COVID-19
by Toshiyuki Oshitari
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(6), 2644; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062644 - 13 Mar 2026
Viewed by 673
Abstract
Non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) results from vascular insufficiency within the optic nerve head. The precise pathogenesis of NAION remains unclear; however, insufficient blood supply from the short posterior ciliary arteries and the choroidal circulation has been associated with its development. Although major [...] Read more.
Non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) results from vascular insufficiency within the optic nerve head. The precise pathogenesis of NAION remains unclear; however, insufficient blood supply from the short posterior ciliary arteries and the choroidal circulation has been associated with its development. Although major risk factors include diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may also contribute to the development of NAION. This literature review presents our case of NAION associated with COVID-19 infection and summarizes previously reported cases of NAION following COVID-19 infection published in the English-language literature worldwide. Because direct infection of ocular tissues, including ocular vessels, via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor is thought to contribute to the development of NAION, cases of NAION associated with COVID-19 vaccination were excluded from this review. Furthermore, we discuss the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the development of NAION after COVID-19 infection and highlight the potential risks of COVID-19 for clinical ophthalmologists. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insights in Neuro-Ophthalmology)
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