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New Perspectives on Prostate Cancer Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Treatment
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New Perspectives on Prostate Cancer Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2026 | Viewed by 3347

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Michele Marchioni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
Interests: kidney disease; kidney damage; kidney inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Luigi Schips

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, “Padre Pio da Pietrelcina” Hospital, Via S. Camillo del Lellis, 66054 Vasto, Italy
Interests: prostate cancer; urology; kidney cancer; prostate; urologic oncology; endourology; urolithiasis; robotics & minimally invasive urology; surgical oncology; BPH
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Prostate cancer is a leading malignancy in men, and recent molecular advances are transforming our understanding of its occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment. Key genetic alterations, such as BRCA1/2, PTEN, and TP53 mutations, as well as the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion, are now recognized as drivers of prostate cancer progression. Molecular biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells and DNA methylation patterns, are enhancing diagnostic precision and risk stratification.

In treatment, personalized medicine is becoming a reality with targeted therapies, such as PARP inhibitors, for BRCA-mutated tumors. Immunotherapies, encompassing immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cells, are also gaining attention, although prostate cancer's immunologically "cold" nature poses challenges. Epigenetic modifications are another frontier, with therapies aimed at reversing these changes showing promise.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that focus on molecular insights into prostate cancer to advance diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Dr. Michele Marchioni
Prof. Dr. Luigi Schips
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • biomarker
  • diagnosis
  • treatment

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 2088 KB  
Article
Personalized High-Resolution Genetic Diagnostics of Prostate Adenocarcinoma Guided by Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Results of a Pilot Study
by Jacek Wilkosz, Dariusz Wojciech Sobieraj, Tadeusz Kałużewski, Jakub Kaczmarek, Jarosław Szwalski, Michał Bednarek, Agnieszka Morel, Żaneta Kasprzyk, Łukasz Kępczyński, Jordan Sałamunia, Agnieszka Gach and Bogdan Kałużewski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(12), 5648; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125648 - 12 Jun 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1095
Abstract
The upcoming wave of personalized medicine, driven by genomic diagnostics and artificial intelligence, demands clearly defined pre-laboratory and laboratory procedures to ensure the acquisition of DNA and RNA of sufficient quantity and quality. In prostate cancer oncogenetics, diagnostic and prognostic assessments increasingly rely [...] Read more.
The upcoming wave of personalized medicine, driven by genomic diagnostics and artificial intelligence, demands clearly defined pre-laboratory and laboratory procedures to ensure the acquisition of DNA and RNA of sufficient quantity and quality. In prostate cancer oncogenetics, diagnostic and prognostic assessments increasingly rely on personalized approaches, including Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP). In this pilot study, we aimed to establish optimal pre-analytical and analytical conditions for selected genetic diagnostic methods using tissue samples acquired through multiparametric MRI-guided biopsy. Tissue specimens from thirteen patients were processed for DNA isolation, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Comparative analyses were performed on DNA derived from both fresh and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples. Sequencing quality metrics demonstrated markedly superior performance in fresh tissue compared to FFPE. These results highlight the importance of standardized tissue collection and processing protocols to enable reliable molecular diagnostics in prostate cancer. Our findings support the feasibility of integrating high-quality genomic testing into routine biopsy workflows and emphasize the need for further large-scale validation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives on Prostate Cancer Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Treatment)
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Review

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38 pages, 1179 KB  
Review
Therapeutic Advances in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Journey from Standard of Care to New Emerging Treatment
by Rossella Cicchetti, Martina Basconi, Giulio Litterio, Angelo Orsini, Marco Mascitti, Alessio Digiacomo, Gaetano Salzano, Octavian Sabin Tătaru, Matteo Ferro, Carlo Giulioni, Angelo Cafarelli, Luigi Schips and Michele Marchioni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(23), 11665; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311665 - 2 Dec 2025
Viewed by 1661
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies among men worldwide and continues to pose significant therapeutic challenges, especially in its metastatic and castration-resistant forms. Over the past two decades, the treatment paradigm has evolved from monotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies among men worldwide and continues to pose significant therapeutic challenges, especially in its metastatic and castration-resistant forms. Over the past two decades, the treatment paradigm has evolved from monotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to a multifaceted approach integrating chemotherapy, androgen receptor axis-targeted therapies (ARATs), radiopharmaceuticals, and precision medicine. This review explores the molecular underpinnings of PCa, including genetic and epigenetic alterations such as BRCA1/2, TP53, and PTEN mutations, and their role in disease progression and treatment resistance. We detail the evidence supporting the integration of systemic agents like abiraterone, enzalutamide, and darolutamide into both hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant settings. Furthermore, we highlight the expanding role of radioligand therapies, including radium-223 and Lutetium-177-labeled PSMA-617 (Lu-PSMA-617), as well as the growing impact of PARP inhibitors in genomically selected patients. The emergence of theranostic strategies and next-generation sequencing has paved the way for personalized treatment algorithms, moving toward a truly precision oncology model in PCa. This comprehensive review synthesizes current therapeutic strategies, clinical trial evidence, and future directions aimed at optimizing outcomes and quality of life for patients with advanced prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives on Prostate Cancer Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Treatment)
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