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Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction

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Guest Editor
1. Centre for Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
2. Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Interests: biomarkers in cardiovascular disease; public health; pharmacogenomics; TBI biomarkers; automation; healthcare management
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality in developed and developing countries. Cardiovascular (CV) risk assessment based on the utilization of CV risk scores enables clinicians to assess an individual’s risk of experiencing CV adverse events. These risk scores, that mainly include gender, age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and history of diabetes, have many limitations. We have witnessed that in recent years, there has been growing interest and discussion that the measurement of molecular biomarkers could improve CV risk stratification. This Special Issue welcomes the submission of original research articles, communications, and comprehensive reviews.

Prof. Dr. Sanja Stankovic
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biomarker
  • cardiovascular disease
  • risk stratification
  • inflammation
  • vascular damage
  • micro-RNA
  • therapy
  • artificial intelligence

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

23 pages, 4366 KiB  
Review
The Relevance of Endothelial Dysfunction Biomarkers in Thalassemia Patients and Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Hataichanok Chuljerm, Supawadee Maneekesorn, Gabriel Thorup, Sothida Nantakool, Pimlak Charoenkwan and Kittipan Rerkasem
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(8), 3842; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083842 - 18 Apr 2025
Viewed by 158
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are a major concern in thalassemia patients, primarily driven by endothelial dysfunction. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated endothelial biomarkers as indicators of cardiovascular disease risk in thalassemia. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase identified 41 studies comparing biomarkers [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular complications are a major concern in thalassemia patients, primarily driven by endothelial dysfunction. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated endothelial biomarkers as indicators of cardiovascular disease risk in thalassemia. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase identified 41 studies comparing biomarkers in thalassemia patients and healthy individuals. The biomarkers analyzed included ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelial microparticles (EMPs), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). Using random effects modeling, pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The results showed significantly elevated levels of ICAM-1 (SMD 2.15, 95% CI: 1.09–3.22), VCAM-1 (SMD 2.50, 95% CI: 1.35–3.66), E-selectin (SMD 1.21, 95% CI: 0.92–1.50), P-selectin (SMD 1.62, 95% CI: 0.83–2.42), and ET-1 (SMD 1.23, 95% CI: 0.03–2.42) in thalassemia patients. However, NO, ADMA, and vWF showed no significant differences. No studies on NOS were identified, while only one study found significantly elevated EMPs in thalassemia patients. This review highlights ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, and ET-1 as key biomarkers for cardiovascular complications in thalassemia. Further research on EMPs and NOS is essential to enhance the understanding of endothelial dysfunction in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction)
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