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Advances in Plant Root Development

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2023) | Viewed by 7839

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College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
Interests: apple developmental molecular biology and dwarf anvil intensive and efficient cultivation techniques; the basis and application of apple asexual variation and propagation; evaluation and regionalization of rootstock and spike combination; seedling breeding and dwarf cultivation technology; apple rootstock breeding
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Roots play a crucial role in the growth and development of plants by providing anchoring and an interface for water and mineral nutrient uptake. The intricate root structure of a plant sometimes doesn't accurately reflect the predetermined body plan comparable to that of many animals. Instead, it is a dynamically flexible structure specific to each plant, with each root tip leading the development of the root system through growth and/or branching, following a set of principles specific to the local constraints and challenges.

This special issue on "Advances in Plant Root Development" will emphasize recent developments in expanding understanding of the regulatory processes that control root growth and development. Regulatory mechanism of hormone signal in adventitious root and lateral root development is a reference topic. In addition, studies dealing with water and nutrient acquisition and utilization in root are also of interest. Finally, significant advances in gene function analysis and regulation technology of root development are heartily welcome. We cordially invite researchers to submit research articles, short communications, and reviews focusing on root growth and development.

This special issue is supervised by Prof. Dr. Dong Zhang and assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member Prof. Dr. Jiangping Mao (Northwest A&F University).

Prof. Dr. Dong Zhang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • root growth and development
  • adventitious root
  • lateral root
  • hormones
  • water and nutrient acquisition and utilization
  • signal transduction

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 9579 KiB  
Article
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Molecular Mechanism Potential of Grafting—Enhancing the Ability of Oriental Melon to Tolerate Low-Nitrogen Stress
by Yulei Zhu, Ziqing Sun, Hongxi Wu, Caifeng Cui, Sida Meng and Chuanqiang Xu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8227; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158227 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 756
Abstract
Nitrogen is the primary nutrient for plants. Low nitrogen generally affects plant growth and fruit quality. Melon, as an economic crop, is highly dependent on nitrogen. However, the response mechanism of its self-rooted and grafted seedlings to low-nitrogen stress has not been reported [...] Read more.
Nitrogen is the primary nutrient for plants. Low nitrogen generally affects plant growth and fruit quality. Melon, as an economic crop, is highly dependent on nitrogen. However, the response mechanism of its self-rooted and grafted seedlings to low-nitrogen stress has not been reported previously. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the transcriptional differences between self-rooted and grafted seedlings under low-nitrogen stress using fluorescence characterization and RNA-Seq analysis. It was shown that low-nitrogen stress significantly inhibited the fluorescence characteristics of melon self-rooted seedlings. Analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that the synthesis of genes related to hormone signaling, such as auxin and brassinolide, was delayed under low-nitrogen stress. Oxidative stress response, involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and secondary metabolite-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly down-regulated. It can be seen that low-nitrogen stress causes changes in many hormonal signals in plants, and grafting can alleviate the damage caused by low-nitrogen stress on plants, ameliorate the adverse effects of nitrogen stress on plants, and help them better cope with environmental stresses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Root Development)
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16 pages, 20295 KiB  
Article
Integrative Transcriptome, miRNAs, Degradome, and Phytohormone Analysis of Brassica rapa L. in Response to Plasmodiophora brassicae
by Xiaochun Wei, Rujiao Liao, Xiaowei Zhang, Yanyan Zhao, Zhengqing Xie, Shuangjuan Yang, Henan Su, Zhiyong Wang, Luyue Zhang, Baoming Tian, Fang Wei and Yuxiang Yuan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2414; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032414 - 26 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2857
Abstract
Clubroot is an infectious root disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica crops, which can cause immeasurable losses. We analyzed integrative transcriptome, small RNAs, degradome, and phytohormone comprehensively to explore the infection mechanism of P. brassicae. In this study, root samples of Brassica [...] Read more.
Clubroot is an infectious root disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica crops, which can cause immeasurable losses. We analyzed integrative transcriptome, small RNAs, degradome, and phytohormone comprehensively to explore the infection mechanism of P. brassicae. In this study, root samples of Brassica rapa resistant line material BrT24 (R-line) and susceptible line material Y510-9 (S-line) were collected at four different time points for cytological, transcriptome, miRNA, and degradome analyses. We found the critical period of disease resistance and infection were at 0–3 DAI (days after inoculation) and 9–20 DAI, respectively. Based on our finding, we further analyzed the data of 9 DAI vs. 20 DAI of S-line and predicted the key genes ARF8, NAC1, NAC4, TCP10, SPL14, REV, and AtHB, which were related to clubroot disease development and regulating disease resistance mechanisms. These genes are mainly related to auxin, cytokinin, jasmonic acid, and ethylene cycles. We proposed a regulatory model of plant hormones under the mRNA–miRNA regulation in the critical period of P. brassicae infection by using the present data of the integrative transcriptome, small RNAs, degradome, and phytohormone with our previously published results. Our integrative analysis provided new insights into the regulation relationship of miRNAs and plant hormones during the process of disease infection with P. brassicae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Root Development)
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Review

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20 pages, 3345 KiB  
Review
Insights on Phytohormonal Crosstalk in Plant Response to Nitrogen Stress: A Focus on Plant Root Growth and Development
by Nazir Ahmad, Zhengjie Jiang, Lijun Zhang, Iqbal Hussain and Xiping Yang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 3631; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043631 - 11 Feb 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3368
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a vital mineral component that can restrict the growth and development of plants if supplied inappropriately. In order to benefit their growth and development, plants have complex physiological and structural responses to changes in their nitrogen supply. As higher plants [...] Read more.
Nitrogen (N) is a vital mineral component that can restrict the growth and development of plants if supplied inappropriately. In order to benefit their growth and development, plants have complex physiological and structural responses to changes in their nitrogen supply. As higher plants have multiple organs with varying functions and nutritional requirements, they coordinate their responses at the whole-plant level based on local and long-distance signaling pathways. It has been suggested that phytohormones are signaling substances in such pathways. The nitrogen signaling pathway is closely associated with phytohormones such as auxin (AUX), abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ETH), brassinosteroid (BR), strigolactones (SLs), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA). Recent research has shed light on how nitrogen and phytohormones interact to modulate physiology and morphology. This review provides a summary of the research on how phytohormone signaling affects root system architecture (RSA) in response to nitrogen availability. Overall, this review contributes to identifying recent developments in the interaction between phytohormones and N, as well as serving as a foundation for further study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plant Root Development)
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