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Advances of Bioceramics and/or Bioactive Glass-Based Composites
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Advances of Bioceramics and/or Bioactive Glass-Based Composites

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 12517

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Csaba Balázsi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege Str. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: ceramic processing; nano-milling; hydrothermal; powder metallurgy; sintering; electrospinning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of bioceramics and bioactive glass-based composites has progressed significantly to restore, substitute, or regenerate not only skeletal hard, but also soft, tissues. These innovative materials have been studied to be applied for orthopaedic implants, bone substitutes, bone cements, dental prostheses, drug delivery carriers, and even for cancer treatments. In addition, the development and use of nanostructured materials, biomimetic materials, and inorganic–organic structures resulted in considerable scientific interest in the bioceramics field. This Special Issue, thus, focuses on topics covering processing of novel bioceramics, and synthesis of bio-hybrids and biactive glass-based composites in addition to biodegradability, biocompatibility, and medical application. Contributions on additive manufacturing of bioceramics and biocomposites, layer deposition techniques, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems are also welcomed.

Dr. Csaba Balázsi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • sol-gel
  • powder technology
  • deposition techniques
  • additive manufacturing of bioceramics
  • nanostructured bioceramics
  • bioactive and resorbable ceramics
  • bio-inspired, bio-synthetic, and biomimetic ceramics
  • scaffolds for orthopedic and dental restorations
  • ceramics for drug and gene delivery
  • in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of bioceramics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4501 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Mechanical/Chemical Properties and Cytotoxicity of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cements Containing Sr/F-Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles and Methacrylate Functionalized Polyacids
by Wisitsin Potiprapanpong, Parichart Naruphontjirakul, Chutikarn Khamsuk, Somruethai Channasanon, Arnit Toneluck, Siriporn Tanodekaew, Naruporn Monmaturapoj, Anne M. Young and Piyaphong Panpisut
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(12), 10231; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210231 - 16 Jun 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1765
Abstract
This study prepared low-toxicity, elemental-releasing resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs). The effect of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA, 0 or 5 wt%) and Sr/F-bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BGNPs, 5 or 10 wt%) on chemical/mechanical properties and cytotoxicity were examined. Commercial RMGIC (Vitrebond, VB) and calcium silicate [...] Read more.
This study prepared low-toxicity, elemental-releasing resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs). The effect of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA, 0 or 5 wt%) and Sr/F-bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BGNPs, 5 or 10 wt%) on chemical/mechanical properties and cytotoxicity were examined. Commercial RMGIC (Vitrebond, VB) and calcium silicate cement (Theracal LC, TC) were used as comparisons. Adding HEMA and increasing Sr/F-BGNPs concentration decreased monomer conversion and enhanced elemental release but without significant effect on cytotoxicity. Rising Sr/F-BGNPs reduced the strength of the materials. The degree of monomer conversion of VB (96%) was much higher than that of the experimental RMGICs (21–51%) and TC (28%). The highest biaxial flexural strength of experimental materials (31 MPa) was significantly lower than VB (46 MPa) (p < 0.01) but higher than TC (24 MPa). The RMGICs with 5 wt% HEMA showed higher cumulative fluoride release (137 ppm) than VB (88 ppm) (p < 0.01). Unlike VB, all experimental RMGICs showed Ca, P, and Sr release. Cell viability in the presence of extracts from experimental RMGICs (89–98%) and TC (93%) was significantly higher than for VB (4%). Experimental RMGICs showed desirable physical/mechanical properties with lower toxicity than the commercial material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Bioceramics and/or Bioactive Glass-Based Composites)
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18 pages, 4587 KiB  
Article
Zinc and Strontium-Substituted Bioactive Glass Nanoparticle/Alginate Composites Scaffold for Bone Regeneration
by Parichart Naruphontjirakul, Piyaphong Panpisut and Somying Patntirapong
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(7), 6150; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076150 - 24 Mar 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2584
Abstract
The global population is growing older and entering an aging society. Aging results in severe tissue disorder and organ dysfunction. Bone-related injuries are particularly significant. The need for alternative bone replacement materials for human implants has grown over the past few decades. Alginate [...] Read more.
The global population is growing older and entering an aging society. Aging results in severe tissue disorder and organ dysfunction. Bone-related injuries are particularly significant. The need for alternative bone replacement materials for human implants has grown over the past few decades. Alginate has the potential for use as a cell scaffold for bone tissue engineering due to its high bio-compatibility. To improve the bioactivity of alginate scaffolds, zinc- and strontium-containing sol-gel-derived bioactive glass nanoparticles (Zn-Sr-BGNPs) with sizes ranging from 100 to l40 nm were incorporated. Zn-Sr-BGNPs synthesized through the sol-gel process have a high sur-face-to-volume ratio, homogeneity, and purity, resulting in faster degradation. The therapeutic bivalent ions released from Zn-Sr-BGNPs strengthen the cell scaffold and improve the stimulation of the production and development of bone cells. Zn-Sr-BGNPs with different Zn to Si nominal ratios of 0, 1, and 1.5 were mixed with alginate in this research. The ratio of Zn in Zn-Sr-BGNPs and the ratio of Zn-Sr-BGNPs in scaffolds impact the pore size, swelling, and biological properties of synthesized composite scaffolds. The surface area and pore volume of a 1:1 1Zn-Sr-BGNP:Alg composite scaffold were 22.58 m2/g and 0.055 cm3/g, respectively. The incorporation of Zn-Sr-BGNPs improved the mechanical performance of the scaffolds up to 4.73 ± 0.48 MPa. The swelling rate decreased slightly from 2.12 (pure Alg) to 1.50 (1Zn-Sr-BGNP:Alg (1:1)). The 1Zn-Sr-BGNP:Alg (1:1) composite scaffold promoted bioactivity through apatite layer formation, increased bone cell proliferation via the dissolution products released from the scaffold, enhanced calcium deposition, and facilitated cell attachment. Thus, 1Zn-Sr-BGNP:Alg (1:1) composite scaffold is proposed as a possible artificial bone scaffold in bone tissue regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Bioceramics and/or Bioactive Glass-Based Composites)
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21 pages, 15025 KiB  
Article
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Injectable Strontium-Modified Calcium Phosphate Cement for Bone Defect Repair in Rats
by Hailiang Xu, Lei Zhu, Fang Tian, Chengwen Wang, Weidong Wu, Botao Lu, Liang Yan, Shuaijun Jia and Dingjun Hao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(1), 568; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010568 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2991
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been widely studied, but its lack of osteoinductivity and inadequate mechanical properties limit its application, while strontium is able to promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption. In this study, different proportions of tristrontium silicate were introduced to [...] Read more.
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been widely studied, but its lack of osteoinductivity and inadequate mechanical properties limit its application, while strontium is able to promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption. In this study, different proportions of tristrontium silicate were introduced to create a novel strontium-modified calcium phosphate cement (SMPC). The physicochemical properties of SMPC and CPC were compared, and the microstructures of the bone cements were characterized with scanning electron microscopy assays. Then, the effect of SMPC on cell proliferation and differentiation was examined. Furthermore, local inflammatory response and osteogenesis after SMPC implantation were also confirmed in the study. Finally, a rat model of isolated vertebral defects was used to test the biomechanical properties of the cements. The results showed that SMPC has better injectability and a shorter setting time than CPC. Meanwhile, the addition of tristrontium silicate promoted the mechanical strength of calcium phosphate cement, and the compressive strength of 5% SMPC increased to 6.00 ± 0.74 MPa. However, this promotion effect gradually diminished with an increase in tristrontium silicate, which was also found in the rat model of isolated vertebral defects. Furthermore, SMPC showed a more preferential role in promoting cell proliferation and differentiation compared to CPC. Neither SMPC nor CPC showed significant inflammatory responses in vivo. Histological staining suggested that SMPCs were significantly better than CPC in promoting new bone regeneration. Importantly, this osteogenesis effect of SMPC was positively correlated with the ratio of tristrontium silicate. In conclusion, 5% SMPC is a promising substitute material for bone repair with excellent physicochemical properties and biological activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Bioceramics and/or Bioactive Glass-Based Composites)
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17 pages, 4955 KiB  
Article
Biominerals Added Bioresorbable Calcium Phosphate Loaded Biopolymer Composites
by Monika Furko, Zsolt E. Horváth, Ottó Czömpöly, Katalin Balázsi and Csaba Balázsi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(24), 15737; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415737 - 12 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2036
Abstract
Nanocrystalline calcium phosphate (CP) bioceramic coatings and their combination with biopolymers are innovative types of resorbable coatings for load-bearing implants that can promote the integration of metallic implants into human bodies. The nanocrystalline, amorphous CP particles are an advantageous form of the various [...] Read more.
Nanocrystalline calcium phosphate (CP) bioceramic coatings and their combination with biopolymers are innovative types of resorbable coatings for load-bearing implants that can promote the integration of metallic implants into human bodies. The nanocrystalline, amorphous CP particles are an advantageous form of the various calcium phosphate phases since they have a faster dissolution rate than that of crystalline hydroxyapatite. Owing to the biomineral additions (Mg, Zn, Sr) in optimized concentrations, the base CP particles became more similar to the mineral phase in human bones (dCP). The effect of biomineral addition into the CaP phases was thoroughly studied. The results showed that the shape, morphology, and amorphous characteristic slightly changed in the case of biomineral addition in low concentrations. The optimized dCP particles were then incorporated into a chosen polycaprolactone (PCL) biopolymer matrix. Very thin, non-continuous, rough layers were formed on the surface of implant substrates via the spin coating method. The SEM elemental mapping proved the perfect incorporation and distribution of dCP particles into the polymer matrix. The bioresorption rate of thin films was followed by corrosion measurements over a long period of time. The corrosion results indicated a faster dissolution rate for the dCP-PCL composite compared to the dCP and CP powder layers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Bioceramics and/or Bioactive Glass-Based Composites)
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13 pages, 10343 KiB  
Article
Structural Rearrangements of Carbonic Anhydrase Entrapped in Sol-Gel Magnetite Determined by ATR–FTIR Spectroscopy
by Vladimir Ivanovski, Olga E. Shapovalova and Andrey S. Drozdov
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(11), 5975; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115975 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2266
Abstract
Enzymatically active nanocomposites are a perspective class of bioactive materials that finds their application in numerous fields of science and technology ranging from biosensors and therapeutic agents to industrial catalysts. Key properties of such systems are their stability and activity under various conditions, [...] Read more.
Enzymatically active nanocomposites are a perspective class of bioactive materials that finds their application in numerous fields of science and technology ranging from biosensors and therapeutic agents to industrial catalysts. Key properties of such systems are their stability and activity under various conditions, the problems that are addressed in any research devoted to this class of materials. Understanding the principles that govern these properties is critical to the development of the field, especially when it comes to a new class of bioactive systems. Recently, a new class of enzymatically doped magnetite-based sol-gel systems emerged and paved the way for a variety of potent bioactive magnetic materials with improved thermal stability. Such systems already showed themself as perspective industrial and therapeutic agents, but are still under intense investigation and many aspects are still unclear. Here we made a first attempt to describe the interaction of biomolecules with magnetite-based sol-gel materials and to investigate facets of protein structure rearrangements occurring within the pores of magnetite sol-gel matrix using ATR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Bioceramics and/or Bioactive Glass-Based Composites)
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