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Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2026) | Viewed by 1078

Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the era of precision medicine and immune checkpoint inhibitors, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and non-melanoma skin cancers represent neoplasms that are challenging to treat.

A common way to improve their management is via a multidisciplinary team, but skills in the group must be up-to-date and shared. In locally advanced head and neck cancer, standard treatment has not changed since 2003; recently, chemoradiotherapy plus immunotherapy or xevinapant has failed to change standard chemoradiotherapy practices.

However, some exciting data regarding de-escalation—guided by hypoxia and pathologic risk-based approaches after transoral resections—have been reported. In skin cancer, the use of intra-tumoral approaches for both melanoma and non-melanoma seems very promising. In recurrent metastatic disease, studies are investigating ways to improve immunotherapy outcomes through a combination of different immune checkpoint inhibitors, target and immune checkpoints, or vaccines and immune checkpoints.

Aging and novel techniques guarantee a long life expectancy but also a higher rate of cancer in these frail populations. A deeper knowledge of immune mechanisms and a personalized approach is required.

Dr. Nerina Denaro
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • immunotherapy
  • melanoma
  • non-melanoma

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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12 pages, 1160 KB  
Case Report
Does Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Correlate with Increased Sensitivity to Cisplatin? A Case Report and a Narrative Literature Review
by Nerina Denaro, Valeria Smiroldo, Claudia Bareggi, Cinzia Solinas, Michele Ghidini, Massimo Castellani, Marco Carlo Merlano, Serafina Martella, Riccardo Giossi, Alessia Casbarra and Ornella Garrone
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(9), 3798; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27093798 - 24 Apr 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 497
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency impairs NADPH generation through the pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in reduced glutathione regeneration and increased vulnerability to oxidative stress. While its clinical significance is well described in hemolytic disorders, its impact on tumor biology and chemosensitivity remains poorly characterized. [...] Read more.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency impairs NADPH generation through the pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in reduced glutathione regeneration and increased vulnerability to oxidative stress. While its clinical significance is well described in hemolytic disorders, its impact on tumor biology and chemosensitivity remains poorly characterized. Cisplatin, a backbone agent in the management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), exerts its cytotoxicity through the formation of DNA adducts and the robust induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity. We report a patient with non-keratinizing NPC and a G6PD variant, a (class III) deficiency, who demonstrated a rapid and pronounced objective response to cisplatin-based induction and concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Unfortunately, the patient also exhibited signs of rapid and persistent hematologic (platelets and white cells) toxicity. Notably, no hemolytic events occurred. A narrative review of the available literature indicates that G6PD-deficient cells exhibit a reduced antioxidant reserve, increased cisplatin-induced DNA damage, and impaired activation of ROS-detoxifying pathways. A few clinical observations similarly report enhanced tumor responsiveness in G6PD-deficient individuals, although the evidence is sparse and heterogeneous. Preclinical data support the notion that diminished NADPH availability amplifies cisplatin-triggered oxidative injury, thereby increasing tumor susceptibility. This case adds to emerging evidence that G6PD deficiency may potentiate cisplatin efficacy in NPC by exploiting intrinsic redox vulnerabilities. While preliminary, these findings suggest the potential utility of metabolic phenotyping in treatment stratification. Prospective studies are needed to define the predictive value, safety, and therapeutic implications of G6PD status in cisplatin-based regimens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics)
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