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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecules".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2023 | Viewed by 2897

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Dr. Salah-Eddine Stiriba

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Instituto de Ciencia Molecular/ICMol, Universidad de Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Valencia, Spain
Interests: self-assembled monolayers; molecular-weight distribution; shell-type architectures; cationic-polymerization; biological evaluation; poly(ethylene oxide); glycerol dendrimers; core; copolymers
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Dear Colleagues,

Cellulose, a linear polymer of beta-1,4-linked glucose moieties, is the most common and naturally occurring organic polymer on earth. It is considered an almost unabundant source of raw material for the production of environmentally benign and biocompatible products. The fascination of the cellulose biopolymer comes from its particular structure, diverse architectures, reactivities, and multi-functions. Cellulose constitutes the best example of the merging of carbohydrate and polymer chemistry. Consequently, the cellulose macromolecule is related to an extremely wide range of domains, including pure, polymer, fiber, paper, textile, pharmacy, and green chemistry fields.

The present Special Issue is planned to publish original research and review articles on the recent advances dealing with the chemsitry of cellulose from pure and applied points of views.

Dr. Salah-Eddine Stiriba
Guest Editor

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Keywords

cellulose chemistry
polymer materials
biocompatible
fiber chemistry
supramolecular chemistry
textile chemistry
pharmacy
bioenergy
sustainability

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Open AccessCommunication

Cellulose Acetate-Supported Copper as an Efficient Sustainable Heterogenous Catalyst for Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Click Reactions in Water

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9301; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119301 - 26 May 2023

Viewed by 265

Abstract

A new sustainable heterogeneous catalyst for copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) was investigated. The preparation of the sustainable catalyst was carried out through the complexation reaction between the polysaccharide cellulose acetate backbone (CA) and copper(II) ions. The resulting complex [Cu(II)-CA] was fully characterized by using different spectroscopic methods such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) analyses. The Cu(II)-CA complex exhibits high activity in the CuAAC reaction for substituted alkynes and organic azides, leading to a selective synthesis of the corresponding 1,4-isomer 1,2,3-triazoles in water as a solvent and working at room temperature. It is worth noting that this catalyst has several advantages from the sustainable chemistry point of view including no use of additives, biopolymer support, reactions carried out in water at room temperature, and easy recovery of the catalyst. These characteristics make it a potential candidate not only for the CuAAC reaction but also for other catalytic organic reactions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Cellulose Chemistry)

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Open AccessArticle

Hybrid Silver-Containing Materials Based on Various Forms of Bacterial Cellulose: Synthesis, Structure, and Biological Activity

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7667; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087667 - 21 Apr 2023

Viewed by 802

Abstract

Sustained interest in the use of renewable resources for the production of medical materials has stimulated research on bacterial cellulose (BC) and nanocomposites based on it. New Ag-containing nanocomposites were obtained by modifying various forms of BC with Ag nanoparticles prepared by metal–vapor synthesis (MVS). Bacterial cellulose was obtained in the form of films (BCF) and spherical BC beads (SBCB) by the Gluconacetobacter hansenii GH-1/2008 strain under static and dynamic conditions. The Ag nanoparticles synthesized in 2-propanol were incorporated into the polymer matrix using metal-containing organosol. MVS is based on the interaction of extremely reactive atomic metals formed by evaporation in vacuum at a pressure of 10⁻² Pa with organic substances during their co-condensation on the cooled walls of a reaction vessel. The composition, structure, and electronic state of the metal in the materials were characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM, SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Since antimicrobial activity is largely determined by the surface composition, much attention was paid to studying its properties by XPS, a surface-sensitive method, at a sampling depth about 10 nm. C 1s and O 1s spectra were analyzed self-consistently. XPS C 1s spectra of the original and Ag-containing celluloses showed an increase in the intensity of the C-C/C-H groups in the latter, which are associated with carbon shell surrounding metal in Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The size effect observed in Ag 3d spectra evidenced on a large proportion of silver nanoparticles with a size of less than 3 nm in the near-surface region. Ag NPs in the BC films and spherical beads were mainly in the zerovalent state. BC-based nanocomposites with Ag nanoparticles exhibited antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli bacteria and Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger fungi. It was found that AgNPs/SBCB nanocomposites are more active than Ag NPs/BCF samples, especially against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger fungi. These results increase the possibility of their medical application. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Cellulose Chemistry)

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Open AccessArticle

Fabrication of Silane-Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystals and Their Effects on the Structural, Thermal, Mechanical, and Hysteretic Behavior of Thermoplastic Polyurethane

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(5), 5036; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24055036 - 06 Mar 2023

Viewed by 613

Abstract

Reinforcement of polymer nanocomposites can be achieved by the selection of the appropriate fabrication method, surface modification, and orientation of the filler. Herein, we present a nonsolvent-induced phase separation method with ternary solvents to prepare thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite films with excellent mechanical properties using 3-Glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane-modified cellulose nanocrystals (GLCNCs). ATR-IR and SEM analyses of the GLCNCs confirmed that GL was successfully coated on the surface of the nanocrystals. The incorporation of GLCNCs in TPU resulted in the enhancement of the tensile strain and toughness of pure TPU owing to the enhanced interfacial interactions between them. The GLCNC–TPU composite film had tensile strain and toughness values of 1740.42% and 90.01 MJ/m³, respectively. Additionally, GLCNC–TPU exhibited a good elastic recovery rate. CNCs were readily aligned along the fiber axis after the spinning and drawing of the composites into fibers, which further improved the mechanical properties of the composites. The stress, strain, and toughness of the GLCNC–TPU composite fiber increased by 72.60%, 10.25%, and 103.61%, respectively, compared to those of the pure TPU film. This study demonstrates a facile and effective strategy for fabricating mechanically enhanced TPU composites. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Cellulose Chemistry)

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Open AccessArticle

Dominant Factors Affecting Rheological Properties of Cellulose Derivatives Forming Thermotropic Cholesteric Liquid Crystals with Visible Reflection

Yuki Ogiwara

Naoto Iwata

and

Seiichi Furumi

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(5), 4269; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054269 - 21 Feb 2023

Viewed by 629

Abstract

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) derivatives with alkanoyl side chains are known to form thermotropic cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) with visible reflection. Although the widely investigated CLCs are requisite for tedious syntheses of chiral and mesogenic compounds from precious petroleum resources, the HPC derivatives easily prepared from biomass resources would contribute to the realization of environment-friendly CLC devices. In this study, we report the linear rheological behavior of thermotropic CLCs of HPC derivatives possessing alkanoyl side chains of different lengths. In addition, the HPC derivatives have been synthesized by the complete esterification of hydroxy groups in HPC. The master curves of these HPC derivatives were almost identical at reference temperatures, with their light reflection at 405 nm. The relaxation peaks appeared at an angular frequency of ~10² rad/s, suggesting the motion of the CLC helical axis. Moreover, the dominant factors affecting the rheological properties of HPC derivatives were strongly dependent on the CLC helical structures. Further, this study provides one of the most promising fabrication strategies for the highly oriented CLC helix by shearing force, which is indispensable to the development of advanced photonic devices with eco-friendliness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Cellulose Chemistry)

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