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Handball: Sport and Health

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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Sport and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (12 April 2023) | Viewed by 36125

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Manuel Gómez-López

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Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain
Interests: sport psychology; physical education; motivation; sports; team sports; handball; performance; perfectionism; anxiety and stress; fear of failure; adherence to sport; perceived barriers; resilience
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Luis Javier Chirosa Ríos

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Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 1807 Granada1, Spain
Interests: handball; performance analysis in sport
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Prof. Dr. Sebastián Feu

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Guest Editor

Research Group in Optimization of Training and Sports Performance, Faculty of Education, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
Interests: sports pedagogy: physical education, coach education; coaching science: sports, sports training, sports performance, performance analysis, notational analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Antonio Antúnez

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Guest Editor

Research Group in Optimization of Training and Sports Performance (GOERD), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
Interests: handball; performance analysis in sport

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Handball is one of the most popular sports in many countries around the world. This social importance does not escape researchers, who analyze handball from different approaches (technical, psychological, physiological, physical, etc.). Scientific contributions from different fields of research are improving the training of young players, optimizing training processes, increasing the performance of players, and caring for their health. The International Handball Congress is an event where the latest research results on handball are presented in a transversal way. The scientific contributions made at this event should be disseminated in quality scientific publications, in order to increase the knowledge about this sport.

The aim of this Special Issue is to attract articles that present new trends and advances in the analysis of factors improving training, performance, and health in handball. We encourage the presentation of descriptive, experimental, and cross-sectional studies aimed at the study of handball. Studies analyzing the training of players, coaches, and referees are also needed. Review articles also contribute to describing the current state of the art on topics relevant to handball.

Prof. Dr. Manuel Gómez-López
Prof. Dr. Luis Javier Chirosa Ríos
Prof. Dr. Sebastián Feu
Dr. Antonio Antúnez
Guest Editors

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Keywords

handball
training
performance
coaching
evaluation
health

Published Papers (13 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 864 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Game Space and Game Situation as Mediators of the External Load in the Tasks of School Handball

by Sebastián Feu, Juan Manuel García-Ceberino, María Gracia Gamero, Sergio González-Espinosa and Antonio Antúnez

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 400; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010400 - 27 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1253

Abstract

The teacher’s didactic intervention also requires knowledge and control of learning tasks’ workloads. The objectives of the study were as follows: (i) to quantify the subjective external load-eTL of tasks framed in didactic units designed by in-service teachers; and (ii) to analyze the differences in the subjective eTL according to the game situation and the game space. A total of 306 learning tasks designed by seven in-service teachers (five men and two women), with more than 10 years of teaching practice, were analyzed. These tasks were coded through the Integral System for Training Task Analysis (SIATE, acronym in Spanish). The interobserver reliability of the coded variables obtained a considerable concordance (MKfree > 0.70). The results indicated that there were significant differences in the subjective eTL according to the game situation and game space. The situations of small-sided games in numerical equality or inequality and full games, in medium spaces or large spaces, presented a higher subjective eTL and therefore the highest physiological and motor demands on students. The inclusion of attacking or defending players and an adequate selection of the game space indicated the importance of planning and organizing learning tasks. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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11 pages, 1912 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Stress Levels in Handball Coaching–Case Study: Preliminary Analysis of the Differences between Training and Match

by Nikola Foretić, Zoran Nikolovski, Dora Marić, Goran Gabrilo, Damir Sekulić, Damjan Jaksić and Patrik Drid

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(16), 10251; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610251 - 18 Aug 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1659

Abstract

Stress plays a significant role in competitions and in the training of sports participants, and coaches are no exception. To better cope with stressful situations, close monitoring of coaches’ stress levels before, during, and after training and competitions is recommended. According to studies, the use of cortisol (C) and alpha-amylase (AA) as biomarkers for monitoring acute stress is recommended. Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare HR, salivary C and AA, and STAI scores before, during, and after handball matches and training sessions. The study examined one professional handball coach, aged 37, in stress markers (salivary cortisol (C) and alpha-amylase (AA) concentrations), heart rate (HR), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores in five matches/training sessions in the First Qatar Handball League. Statistical analysis included the calculation of descriptive statistic parameters, Mann–Whitney U test for differences between match–training time points, and the effect size analysis (Cohen’s d) to calculate the magnitude of differences between match–training time points. Presented markers (C and AA) had statistically stronger reactions before, during, and after the matches than the corresponding time points of the training sessions, similar to HR data and STAI scores. Results indicate that, before and during the matches, the analyzed markers of stress increased, which might lead to the conclusion that coaches are more anxious than frightened before and during matches. Thus, stress-coping strategies for handball coaches should be more focused on stress anticipation and anxiety control. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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9 pages, 673 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Maturity Status on Dynamic Balance Following 6 Weeks of Eccentric Hamstring Training in Youth Male Handball Players

by Ammar Nebigh, Raouf Hammami, Sofien Kasmi, Haithem Rebai, Benjamin Drury, Mokhtar Chtara and Roland van den Tillaar

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9775; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159775 - 08 Aug 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1787

Abstract

Information about when to apply an appropriate eccentric hamstring strength training stimulus during long-term athlete development is essential for effective programming and improving balance performance. This study examined the effects of six-week eccentric hamstring training on dynamic balance performance in youth handball players of different maturity statuses (pre- or post-peak height velocity (PHV)). A randomized controlled design with 45 young male handball players (14.6 ± 0.3 years) from a local national handball club were randomly allocated to a 6 week, twice weekly eccentric hamstring training in two experimental groups: a pre-PHV (maturation offset: −2.13 ± 0.63, n = 10) and post-PHV (maturation offset: 0.79 ± 0.34, n = 12) group and two control groups: maturation offset: −2.09 ± 0.61, n = 10 and maturation offset: 0.55 ± 0.67, n = 13. Dynamic balance performance was evaluated by using the composite score during the lower quarter Y-balance test from pre- and post-intervention. A significant effect on balance scores was found from pre to post (F = 11.4; p = 0.002; η²_p = 0.22), intervention (F = 5.4; p = 0.025; η²_p = 0.12), and maturation (F = 369; p < 0.001; η²_p = 0.9), but no significant interaction effects were found (F ≥ 3.3; p ≥ 0.077; η²_p ≤ 0.07). Post hoc analysis revealed that the post-PHV group had a higher score than the pre-PHV group. Furthermore, that dynamic balance increased in the post-PHV group after intervention much more in the control post-PHV group. It was concluded that somatic maturation influences dynamic balance performance and that eccentric hamstring training results in greater improvement in balance performance in young male handball players for the post-pubertal group. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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11 pages, 672 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of the Relationship between Satisfaction with the Coach and the Effect of Comparative Social Feedback in Elite Female Handball Players

by Juan Antonio García-Herrero, Diego Soto-García, Rodrigo J. Carcedo, Isidoro Martínez-Martín and Pedro Delgado-Floody

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(13), 7680; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137680 - 23 Jun 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1378

Abstract

This research aims at studying the effect of comparative feedback on psychological variables (competence valuation, perceived competence, autonomous motivation, amotivation, subjective well-being) and performance (throwing speed and accuracy). A total of 73 handball players from the highest Spanish handball (Iberdrola League) category participated in this study. After previously rating satisfaction with their head coach, they were indiscriminately assigned to one of three different experimental conditions measuring feedback, positive, negative, and none. There were significant differences in competence valuation, perceived competence, autonomous motivation, and throwing speed in the three feedback groups, more concretely, low satisfaction with the head coach. Positive effects were found when there was low satisfaction with the coach and positive feedback on the competence valuation, autonomous motivation, and throwing speed compared to negative or no feedback. These results have important implications for optimizing coaches’ behaviors in relation to athlete well-being and performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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14 pages, 358 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The “Empty-Goal” Rule Change from the Perspective of International-Level Team Handball Goalkeepers

by Reuven Iusepolsky, Elia Morgulev and Sima Zach

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6506; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116506 - 26 May 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1655

Abstract

The 2016 “empty-goal” rule change in team handball allowed for swift goalkeeper-player substitutions, which opened the door to a variety of tactical solutions that could not be implemented prior to the change. This change is one of many rule changes that have taken place in ball games in general and in handball in particular that were aimed to improve the competition and make gameplay more interesting. Previous literature shows that more often than not, such rule changes have led to unforeseen and undesired effects on players’ and teams’ behavior and performance. The aim of the current study was to consider the empty-goal rule from the goalkeeper’s perspective, as their offense–defense game routine was drastically transformed following the introduction of this new rule. Results of a survey among 95 professional goalkeepers, 80 of whom participated in international matches, revealed that the keepers’ level of confidence in empty-goal situations is moderate to high, that empty goal is rarely practiced more than once a week, and that less experienced goalkeepers are more positive regarding this rule change. Additionally, we found that the amount of empty-goal practice is positively related to the approval of the empty-goal rule among goalkeepers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

12 pages, 346 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Selection Process for Romanian Children in Handball Based on Coordinative Abilities: A Questionnaire Survey

by Ileana Petrariu and Florin Valentin Leuciuc

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3672; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063672 - 19 Mar 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2011

Abstract

According to the reviewed literature, the selection system in handball is quite complex and requires new approaches from trainers based on the current and modern requirements of this game. This paper investigated the importance of coordinative ability development in handball in the selection process for young Romanian children (10–12 years old). The results were obtained from a sociological questionnaire survey, for which 109 handball coaches, 34 female and 75 male, were questioned. The mean age was 40.71 years (SD = ±5.32) with a range of 31–51 years for female coaches and 40.3 years (SD = ±7.53) with a range of 30–62 years for male coaches. Their experience in handball coaching varied from 10 to 30 years, with 19.88 (SD = ±5.05) years of experience on average for female coaches and 19.09 (SD = ±5.26) years of experience on average for male coaches. The answers delivered depended on the experience and knowledge the coaches had and difficulties they had encountered over the years. Data are presented using a variety of appropriate descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and mean and standard variation. Obtained data were modeled using a one-way analysis of variation (ANOVA). The questionnaire format was three-to-five-point Likert scale. As a general overview, in the opinion of the surveyed specialists, the Romania selection process for handball does not meet their expectations, and the development level of coordinative abilities in 10–12 year-old children is medium to weak. A total of 61.76% female and 58.66% male coaches stressed the importance of developing coordination abilities to optimize the selection process of children for handball games, opening up a new approach in modern training methods for performance achievement. The obtained results from this paper questionnaire can be used by coaches as a different approach to the handball training process, considering that handball is a game mainly based on coordination. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

14 pages, 1032 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Toward an Anthropometric Pattern in Elite Male Handball

by Florin Valentin Leuciuc, Ileana Petrariu, Gheorghe Pricop, Dan Mihai Rohozneanu and Ileana Monica Popovici

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(5), 2839; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052839 - 28 Feb 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1868

Abstract

We investigated the anthropometric characteristics associated with specific handball skills in competition. The body anthropometric profiles differ significantly among the playing positions in handball due to the specific tasks. The aim of this study is to identify the anthropometric patterns for each playing position by collecting data from elite male handball players. To determine the anthropometric profile of the elite handball players for each playing position, we used descriptive statistics for every indicator in order to identify the optimal patterns for elite handball players from the top-four ranked teams at the most important competitions over a period of 18 years (2004–2021). Over time, the anthropometric indices evolved: the average height increased (from 190 to 192.6 cm) but less than weight increased (from 90.5 to 95.28 kg), and these affected the body mass index (increase from 25.2 to 25.67). The novelty of our study is that we identified an anthropometric pattern for each playing position and for all teams in elite male handball. Our study also covered a period of 18 years to give our results more accuracy and reliability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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11 pages, 798 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of a Self-Regulated Training Program on the Repeated Power in Female College Handball Players: An Intervention Study

by Sebastián Espoz-Lazo, Claudio Hinojosa-Torres, Claudio Farías-Valenzuela, Sebastián Álvarez-Arangua, Paloma Ferrero-Hernández and Pedro Valdivia-Moral

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(23), 12662; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312662 - 01 Dec 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1880

Abstract

Several resistance training programs using conventional methodologies have been implemented with the purpose of improving the ability to perform power actions in handball, especially during the competitive season. In contrast, methodologies based on a contemporary perspective, which considers the human being as a self-regulating biological entity, and designed specifically for female college players, are scarce. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of an eight-week resistance training program, in which the athletes were able to control the loads according to their self-perceived effort and rest on their repeated shuttle sprint and jump ability. The sample was composed of 16 female players of a handball team from the faculty of physics and mathematics sciences of a Chilean university. The RSSJA test was used to evaluate players’ conditions pre- and post-training program, and the self-perceived effort scale called OMNI-RES was used for the prediction and control of loads. Results indicated that, after the application of an eight-week resistance training program, significant improvements p ≤ 0.05 on the jump height (pre: 1836.4 W; average post: 2088.9 W) and running speed (average pre: 3.2 m/s; average post: 4.0 m/s) were obtained, as well as a significant reduction in the loss of power and speed between each set of the applied test. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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Review

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13 pages, 1293 KiB

Open AccessReview

Effects of Additional Plyometric Training on the Jump Performance of Elite Male Handball Players: A Systematic Review

by Damjan Jakšić, Stefan Maričić, Nemanja Maksimović, Antonino Bianco, Damir Sekulić, Nikola Foretić and Patrik Drid

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2475; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032475 - 30 Jan 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2644

Abstract

Handball is one of the most popular team sports around the world that has become physically very demanding, related to both competitions and daily training sessions. Optimal training programs are necessary to improve performance, especially when taking into account the frequency of jump shots (vertical jumps) and handball feints (changes of directions) during daily training. The main objective of the present study is to review the available literature systematically, and to determine what are the effects of additional plyometric training on handball players’ vertical jump abilities. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, six studies were selected after a systematic search through four digital databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The available scientific articles show that plyometric training alone or in combination with standard handball training, lasting at least six weeks, and including two training sessions per week, contributes to improving the performance of elite- or national-level handball players. Plyometric training is recommended to improve performance, as well as to maintain explosive strength parameters during the season. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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17 pages, 662 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Most Common Handball Injuries: A Systematic Review

by Helena Vila, Andrea Barreiro, Carlos Ayán, Antonio Antúnez and Carmen Ferragut

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(17), 10688; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710688 - 27 Aug 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 7148

Abstract

Handball is a team sport involving a great physical demand from its practitioners in which a high number of injuries occur, affecting individual and collective performance. Knowledge of the injuries is of great importance for their prevention. The objective of the present study was to identify, locate and compare the most frequent injuries and injury mechanisms in handball practice. It was carried out following the Preferred Informed Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The source of data collection was direct consultation of the PubMed and Medline databases. Several keywords were used for the documentary retrieval, and the quality of the studies that were selected was evaluated. Of the 707 studies retrieved, only 27 were considered appropriate for the review, and quality scores were obtained that ranged from 10 to 26 points, out of a maximum of 28. The most frequent injuries in handball players are located in the lower limbs (thigh, knee and ankle), and in the shoulder in the upper limbs. Regarding the playing position, the players who play over the 6-m line are the most affected by injuries, while the women players have a higher probability of injury. Most injuries occur during competition. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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18 pages, 3074 KiB

Open AccessReview

Analysis of the Research Methodology in Spanish Doctoral Theses on Handball. A Systematic Review

by Antonio Antúnez, Sergio J. Ibáñez and Sebastian Feu

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(20), 10579; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010579 - 09 Oct 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1778

Abstract

The objective of this investigation was to analyze scientific production assessed by indexed doctoral theses in the Ordered Spanish Theses (TESEO) database, on the topic of the sport of handball in Spain. Productivity was analyzed on the basis of variables grouped by contextual information, methodologies and procedures. Seventy-two indexed theses from between 1976 and 2021 were analyzed. A progressive increase was identified in scientific production based on these theses during this period. The scientific disciplines that presented the highest number of theses were Sport Sciences (n = 33) and Sport Pedagogy (n = 19). The main results show that quantitative approaches are the most common (n = 49), doctoral theses using descriptive studies based on systematic observation represent the majority (73%), the predominant type of data collection was the use of cross-sectional studies (70.8%) versus longitudinal studies (26.4%), and the most used sampling method was that of convenience (n = 65). The results make it possible to ascertain the reality of this research topic, the methodological positioning and research tendencies, and to draw the basic lines for development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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Other

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19 pages, 1738 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Injury Prevalence of the Lower Limbs in Handball Players: A Systematic Review

by Iván Martín-Guzón, Alejandro Muñoz, Jorge Lorenzo-Calvo, Diego Muriarte, Moisés Marquina and Alfonso de la Rubia

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(1), 332; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010332 - 29 Dec 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6280

Abstract

Lower limb injuries are frequent in handball and a serious hindrance to athletic performance. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the available research on the prevalence of lower limb injuries in handball players according to sex and competitive level. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, 19 studies were selected after a systematic search and selection process of three digital databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Furthermore, a study quality analysis using an ‘Extension for Sports Injury and Illness Surveillance of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE-SIIS)’ was carried out. The sample consisted of 7110 male and female handball players registering 4483 injuries in their lower limbs. The results showed a high incidence of knee injuries (30.23%) and ankle injuries (24.80%), especially in the ligaments, such as the talofibular and the anterior cruciate ligaments. Considering sex and competitive level, knee injuries accounted for 47.02% of injuries among women, while among men, ankle injuries were most prevalent (34.22%) in international competitions. Additionally, the most common cause of injuries was trauma (85.61%). The findings highlighted that the prevalence of lower limb injuries varies greatly according to the characteristics of the sample and injury. Therefore, the study underlines the importance that sports practitioners (physical trainers, readapters, and physiotherapists) adapt training protocols to reduce injury incidence in the most affected body areas or tissues. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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14 pages, 1756 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

A Systematic Review of Co-Educational Models in School Handball

by Ana R. Arias, Diego Soto and Camino Ferreira

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(21), 11438; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111438 - 30 Oct 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2479

Abstract

This study aims to address the characteristics presented by the co-educational models that have been put into practice in school handball, showing a general overview, after providing a systematic review of the literature on the topic published over the last ten years on co-educational paradigms in the practice of handball as a school sport. For the description and recording of the process of selection and filtering of documentary sources to be analyzed, use was made of the PRISMA flowchart. After the elimination of duplicates and entries not compliant with the criteria for time limits and type of document, the final sample surveyed was composed of thirty academic articles. The results considered (n = 26) showed a presentational pattern divisible into three segments or groups. These were: technical and sporting aspects of handball, highlighting the benefits of this sport in schools relative to other options (n = 7), co-education (n = 8), and results based on differences between the sexes (n = 11). Co-education stresses significant improvements in skills, together with perceived effort, enjoyment, and participation. These lead to improvements in the social climate and group cohesion, thanks to the practice of sports. Handball within schools, seen from a co-educational angle, should be approached with an eye to its predisposition for the development of social and civic skills. These include respect for the rules of a game, teamwork and solidarity, fair play, commitment, and responsibility. This paper lays out precisely and exhaustively the lines of investigation undertaken in the area of co-education, and, more specifically, how this is handled within the practicing of a confrontational team sport like handball. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Handball: Sport and Health)

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