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Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 56326

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Collection Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain
Interests: burnout; critical care; emergency; Job Satisfaction; nursing; occupational health; public health; stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. José Luis Romero Béjar

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: multivariate analysis; random fields; spatio-temporal risk assessment; spatio-temporal modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Nora Suleiman-Martos

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Collection Editor
Faculty of Health Science, University of Granada, 18004 Granada, Spain
Interests: health habits and lifestyles; teaching innovation and gamification; burnout syndrome in oncology and palliative care services
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health promotion as “the process that allows people to increase control over their health”. This includes not only actions aimed at increasing people's abilities and capacities but also those aimed at modifying social, environmental, and economic aspects that have an impact on health determinants.

Likewise, the WHO defines disease prevention as those “measures designed not only to prevent the onset of the disease, such as reducing risk factors, but also to stop its advance and mitigate its consequences once established”. Therefore, all those actions and procedures aimed at helping the population to improve their living conditions and enjoy a healthy life would be included here.

Therefore, it is not surprising that health professionals are the ones who guide and carry out actions aimed at promoting health and preventing health issues. The most recent research shows how strategic planning allows these professionals to be more efficient and have a relevant impact on the quality of life in the general population.

In this Special Issue, studies using quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods with primary or secondary data are welcome. All manuscripts are subject to peer review to ensure quality publications. For more information, please contact Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente ( [email protected] ).

Prof. Dr. Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente
Dr. José Luis Romero Béjar
Dr. Nora Suleiman-Martos
Collection Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • health prevention
  • health promotion
  • healthy lifestyle
  • public health

Published Papers (21 papers)

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12 pages, 573 KiB  
Article
Impact of Non-Face-to-Face Teaching with Passive Training on Personal Protective Equipment Use in Health Science Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Blanca Rueda-Medina, María Encarnación Aguilar-Ferrándiz, Ana Alejandra Esteban-Burgos, Rosa María Tapia Haro, Antonio Casas-Barragán, Almudena Velando-Soriano, Rocío Gil-Gutiérrez and María Correa-Rodríguez
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(19), 12981; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912981 - 10 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1767
Abstract
Background: In the COVID-19 era, there was a call for the transformation of higher education. Universities had to combine non-face-to-face teaching with traditional procedures. This study analyzed the effectiveness and perceived satisfaction in a cohort of health sciences students of non-face-to-face teaching with [...] Read more.
Background: In the COVID-19 era, there was a call for the transformation of higher education. Universities had to combine non-face-to-face teaching with traditional procedures. This study analyzed the effectiveness and perceived satisfaction in a cohort of health sciences students of non-face-to-face teaching with passive training versus face-to-face teaching with active training in the proper donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE) in a clinical simulation scenario. Methods: A total of 142 participants were randomized into two groups: (a) non-face-to-face teaching with passive training; (b) face-to-face teaching with active training. The proper protocol for donning and doffing PPE was assessed. Students evaluated their skills before and after training and satisfaction with training received. Results: Significant differences were observed for the statements “I felt more confident in donning after receiving this training” (p = 0.029) and “I felt more confident in doffing after receiving this training” (p = 0.042) in the face-to-face teaching with active training group compared to the non-face-to-face teaching with passive training group, whose number of tasks violated was significantly higher (p = 0.020). Satisfaction was significantly higher in the face-to-face and active training group (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Face-to-face teaching with active training improves effectiveness and satisfaction more than non-face-to-face teaching with passive training for acquiring skills in donning and doffing PPE properly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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15 pages, 513 KiB  
Article
Understanding Work Addiction in Adult Children: The Effect of Addicted Parents and Work Motivation
by Modesta Morkevičiūtė and Auksė Endriulaitienė
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11279; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811279 - 08 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1414
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the mediating role that work motivation plays in the relationship between perceived work addiction of parents and their adult child’s work addiction. The sample was comprised of 537 participants working in different Lithuanian organizations that [...] Read more.
The aim of the study was to examine the mediating role that work motivation plays in the relationship between perceived work addiction of parents and their adult child’s work addiction. The sample was comprised of 537 participants working in different Lithuanian organizations that were selected on the basis of the convenience principle. Data were collected by means of online self-administered questionnaires. To test a mediation model, a structural equation modeling was performed. It was found that perceived work addiction of both mother and father was related to higher levels of work addiction of their adult child. The results also indicated that perceived work addiction of the father was related to increased work addiction in an adult child through higher levels of extrinsic motivation as a partial mediator. The indirect effect of perceived work addiction of the mother (via extrinsic motivation) was not significant. As was expected, the indirect relationship between work addiction in parents and their adult child via intrinsic motivation was not significant. This study demonstrates that integrating both family-related and motivational variables may provide relevant insights into the nature of and mechanisms underlying work addiction and that studies in this field deserve to be further developed in future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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15 pages, 1849 KiB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Interaction and Socioeconomic Determinants of Rural Energy Poverty in China
by Siyou Xia, Yu Yang, Xiaoying Qian and Xin Xu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(17), 10851; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710851 - 31 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1643
Abstract
This study investigated the energy poverty spatiotemporal interaction characteristics and socioeconomic determinants in rural China from 2000 to 2015 using exploratory time–space data analysis and a geographical detector model. We obtained the following results. (1) The overall trend of energy poverty in China’s [...] Read more.
This study investigated the energy poverty spatiotemporal interaction characteristics and socioeconomic determinants in rural China from 2000 to 2015 using exploratory time–space data analysis and a geographical detector model. We obtained the following results. (1) The overall trend of energy poverty in China’s rural areas was “rising first and then declining”, and the evolution trend of energy poverty in the three regions formed a “central–west–east” stepwise decreasing pattern. (2) There was a dynamic local spatial dependence and unstable spatial evolution process, and the spatial agglomeration of rural energy poverty in China had a relatively higher path dependence and locked spatial characteristics. (3) The provinces with negative connections were mainly concentrated in the central and western regions. Anhui and Henan, Inner Mongolia and Jilin, Jilin and Heilongjiang, Hebei and Shanxi, and Liaoning and Jilin constituted a strong synergistic growth period. (4) From a long-term perspective, the disposable income of rural residents had the greatest determinant power on rural energy poverty, followed by per capita GDP, rural labor education level, regulatory agencies, and energy investment. In addition, our findings showed that the selected driving factors all had enhanced effects on rural energy poverty in China through interaction effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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11 pages, 1339 KiB  
Article
Explanatory Models of Burnout Diagnosis Based on Personality Factors in Primary Care Nurses
by Luis Albendín-García, Nora Suleiman-Martos, Elena Ortega-Campos, Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera, José L. Romero-Béjar and Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9170; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159170 - 27 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2182 | Correction
Abstract
Burnout in the primary care service takes place when there is a high level of interaction between nurses and patients. Explanatory models based on psychological and personality related variables provide an approximation to level changes in the three dimensions of the burnout syndrome. [...] Read more.
Burnout in the primary care service takes place when there is a high level of interaction between nurses and patients. Explanatory models based on psychological and personality related variables provide an approximation to level changes in the three dimensions of the burnout syndrome. A categorical-response ordinal logistic regression model, based on a quantitative, crosscutting, multicentre, descriptive study with 242 primary care nurses in the Andalusian Health Service in Granada (Spain) is performed for each dimension. The three models included all the variables related to personality. The risk factor friendliness was significant at population level for the three dimensions, whilst openness was never significant. Neuroticism was significant in the models related to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, whilst responsibility was significant for the models referred to depersonalization and personal accomplishment dimensions. Finally, extraversion was also significant in the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment dimensions. The analysis performed provides useful information, making more readily the diagnosis and evolution of the burnout syndrome in this collective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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10 pages, 791 KiB  
Article
Rebuilding Social Capital through Osekkai Conferences in Rural Communities: A Social Network Analysis
by Ryuichi Ohta, Koichi Maiguma, Akiko Yata and Chiaki Sano
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(13), 7912; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137912 - 28 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1708
Abstract
Social prescribing can promote the creation of new relationships, which may then promote the building of social capital in communities. One example of a social prescribing tool in Japan is Osekkai conferences, which increase social participation and mitigate the degree of loneliness in [...] Read more.
Social prescribing can promote the creation of new relationships, which may then promote the building of social capital in communities. One example of a social prescribing tool in Japan is Osekkai conferences, which increase social participation and mitigate the degree of loneliness in rural communities. A clarification of the changes in social interaction and intensity of connections among people through Osekkai conferences could contribute to better social prescribing in rural communities. This social network study was conducted among people who have participated in an Osekkai conference. The primary outcomes of degrees and centrality were measured as the degree of social capital. The primary outcomes were compared between April and September 2021 and between October 2021 and March 2022. The continuous performance of Osekkai conferences as social prescribing tools led to an increase in conference participation, mainly by middle-aged women in the communities. Based on a social network analysis, the average direct connection with each person did not increase; the network density decreased gradually; the network diameter decreased from 6 to 5. Regarding the node-level statistics, harmonic closeness centrality and eccentricity decreased, and modularity increased. Social prescribing initiatives should focus on improving social capital in communities, which may improve the number and meaningfulness of the collaborations among organizations and indigenous communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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18 pages, 5718 KiB  
Article
Source Apportionment of Fine Particulate Matter during the Day and Night in Lanzhou, NW China
by Mei Zhang, Jia Jia, Bo Wang, Weihong Zhang, Chenming Gu, Xiaochen Zhang and Yuanhao Zhao
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(12), 7091; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127091 - 09 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1764
Abstract
Source apportionment of PM2.5 in Lanzhou, China, was carried out using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Seventeen elements (Ca, Fe, K, Ti, Ba, Mn, Sr, Cd, Se, Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Co, Cr, V), water-soluble ions (Na+, NH4+ [...] Read more.
Source apportionment of PM2.5 in Lanzhou, China, was carried out using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Seventeen elements (Ca, Fe, K, Ti, Ba, Mn, Sr, Cd, Se, Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Co, Cr, V), water-soluble ions (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2, Cl−, NO3−, SO42−), and organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were analyzed. The results indicated that the mean concentration of PM2.5 was 178.63 ± 96.99 μg/m3. In winter, the PM2.5 concentration was higher during the day than at night, and the opposite was the case in summer, and the nighttime PM2.5 concentration was 1.3 times higher than during the day. Water-soluble ions were the dominant component of PM2.5 during the study. PMF source analysis revealed six sources in winter, during the day and night: salt lakes, coal combustion, vehicle emissions, secondary aerosols, soil dust, and industrial emissions. In summer, eight sources during the day and night were identified: soil dust, coal combustion, industrial emissions, vehicle emissions, secondary sulfate, salt lakes, secondary aerosols, and biomass burning. Secondary aerosols, coal combustion, and vehicle emissions were the dominant sources of PM2.5. In winter, the proportions of secondary aerosols and soil dust sources were greater during the day than at night, and the opposite was the case in summer. The coal source, industrial emissions source, and motor vehicle emissions source were greater at night than during the day in winter. This work can serve as a case study for further in-depth research on PM2.5 pollution and source apportionment in Lanzhou, China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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12 pages, 372 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Lifestyle of Spanish Undergraduate Nursing Students and Comparison with Students of Other Degrees
by María Angustias Sánchez-Ojeda, Concepción Roldán, Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez and Elvira de Luna-Bertos
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(9), 5765; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095765 - 09 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2069
Abstract
Background: Nursing students are exposed to concepts of healthy lifestyles while they are attending university. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze whether nursing students have a healthier lifestyle than non-nursing students and to determine whether their behaviour is consistent with [...] Read more.
Background: Nursing students are exposed to concepts of healthy lifestyles while they are attending university. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze whether nursing students have a healthier lifestyle than non-nursing students and to determine whether their behaviour is consistent with their beliefs. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with 293 university students was performed by using a validated questionnaire to measure beliefs and behaviour regarding health. Results: The lifestyle pattern of the nursing students evaluated was characterised by a high percentage of nurses with low levels of physical activity, poor balanced diet and smoking habits. The comparative analysis showed no significant differences between nursing students and students from other degrees. Conclusions: Students have a positive attitude and knowledge about healthy lifestyle, but do not transfer it to their own lives. Nurses’ lifestyle can unintentionally affect the behaviour of other people through their own behaviour and beliefs because they serve as a model for a healthy lifestyle. These findings support that nurse educators have an active role as promoter of health by using lessons to modify the behaviour of their students. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
22 pages, 3206 KiB  
Article
Inequalities in Temporal Effects on Cervical Cancer Mortality in States in Different Geographic Regions of Brazil: An Ecological Study
by Karina Cardoso Meira, Carinne Magnago, Angelo Braga Mendonça, Stephane Fernanda Soares Duarte, Pedro Henrique Oliveira de Freitas, Juliano dos Santos, Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza and Taynãna César Simões
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(9), 5591; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095591 - 05 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2500
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a public health issue with high disease burden and mortality in Brazil. The objectives of the present study were, firstly, to analyze age, period, and cohort effects on cervical cancer mortality in women 20 years old or older from 1980 [...] Read more.
Cervical cancer is a public health issue with high disease burden and mortality in Brazil. The objectives of the present study were, firstly, to analyze age, period, and cohort effects on cervical cancer mortality in women 20 years old or older from 1980 to 2019 in the North, South, and Southeast Regions of Brazil; and secondly, to evaluate whether the implementation of a national screening program and the expansion of access to public health services impacted the examined period and reduced the risk of death compared with previous years and among younger cohorts. The effects were estimated by applying Poisson regression models with estimable functions. The highest mortality rate per 100,000 women was found in Amazonas (24.13), and the lowest in São Paulo (10.56). A positive gradient was obtained for death rates as women’s age increased. The states in the most developed regions (South and Southeast) showed a reduction in the risk of death in the period that followed the implementation of the screening program and in the cohort from the 1960s onwards. The North Region showed a decreased risk of death only in Amapá (2000–2004) and Tocantins (1995–2004; 2010–2019). The findings indicate that health inequities remain in Brazil and suggest that the health system has limitations in terms of decreasing mortality associated with this type of cancer in regions of lower socioeconomic development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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13 pages, 369 KiB  
Article
A Cross-Sectional Study on Hypertension Medication Adherence in a High-Burden Region in Namibia: Exploring Hypertension Interventions and Validation of the Namibia Hill-Bone Compliance Scale
by Olivia Nakwafila, Tivani Mashamba-Thompson, Anthony Godi and Benn Sartorius
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(7), 4416; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074416 - 06 Apr 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3168
Abstract
In Namibia, the prevalence of hypertension among women and men aged 35–64 years is high, ranging from 44% to 57%. In this study, we aimed to determine adherence and predictors to antihypertensive therapy in Khomas region, Namibia. A cross-sectional study was performed to [...] Read more.
In Namibia, the prevalence of hypertension among women and men aged 35–64 years is high, ranging from 44% to 57%. In this study, we aimed to determine adherence and predictors to antihypertensive therapy in Khomas region, Namibia. A cross-sectional study was performed to consecutively sample 400 patients from urban and peri-urban settings in Namibia. Results were validated using the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale. Crude associations between predictors of adherence and compliance were tested using the Pearson chi-square test. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was then performed on adherence variables found to be significant to adjust for confounders, and the results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals. A total of 400 patients participated in this study. The participants’ mean age and standard deviation were Mean ± SD = 48.9 ± 12.5. In this study, 351 (87.7%) patients were estimated to have good adherence. Education, employment, and the presence of other chronic diseases were associated with adherence. Following multivariate adjustment, the following factors were significantly associated and are therefore predictors of adherence (95%CI, p < 0.005): receiving enough medication at last check-up until next one (OR = 5.44, CI 1.76–16.85), lack of encouragement from family and friends (OR = 0.11 (0.03–0.42)), and attendance of follow-ups on schedule (OR = 8.49, CI = 3.82–18.85). The success of hypertension therapy is dependent on the healthcare systems and healthcare professionals in supplying enough medication, support of friends/family, and maintaining scheduled follow-ups. A combination of interventions using low-cost mobile technology led by healthcare professionals could be endorsed. To fully practice universal access to medication, public and private hospitals in Namibia should collaborate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
13 pages, 344 KiB  
Article
Factors Affecting the Global Health and Cultural Competencies of Nursing Students
by Mi-Kyoung Cho and Mi Young Kim
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(7), 4109; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074109 - 30 Mar 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3363
Abstract
Recently, various global health issues, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have been observed in relation to rapid changes in world health conditions; consequently, nurses’ global health and cultural knowledge have become increasingly important. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors affecting the global [...] Read more.
Recently, various global health issues, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have been observed in relation to rapid changes in world health conditions; consequently, nurses’ global health and cultural knowledge have become increasingly important. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors affecting the global health and cultural competencies of nursing students. The study design was a cross-sectional study with 108 participants; all participants were fourth-year nursing college students in S and C cities. Global health competency, cultural competency, global health confidence, cultural nursing confidence, and metacognition were surveyed online, and the data were collected from October 30 to November 7, 2018. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression. The total mean scores for global health competency and the cultural nursing competency were 63.01 ± 8.78 and 134.94 ± 17.78, respectively. Global health competency had a positive correlation with cultural competency (r = 0.49, p < 0.001), cultural nursing confidence (r = 0.26, p = 0.006), and metacognition (r = 0.22, p = 0.023). Cultural competency showed a positive correlation with global health confidence (r = 0.31, p = 0.001), cultural nursing confidence (r = 0.51, p < 0.001), and metacognition (r = 0.40, p < 0.001). Cultural competency was found to be a significant factor affecting global health competency, with an explanatory power of 23.1% (F = 17.10, p < 0.001). Cultural nursing confidence and metacognition had significant effects on cultural competency, with an explanatory power of 34.3% (F = 14.97, p < 0.001). Cultural confidence and metacognition were important factors influencing cultural competency, and cultural competency was shown to be an important factor influencing global health competency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
21 pages, 38171 KiB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Differentiation and Driving Force Analysis of the High-Quality Development of Urban Agglomerations along the Yellow River Basin
by Yu Chen, Qianqian Miao and Qian Zhou
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(4), 2484; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042484 - 21 Feb 2022
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 2656
Abstract
The ecological protection and high-quality development (HQD) of the Yellow River Basin (YRB) have been promoted as national strategies. An urban agglomeration is the basic unit of the YRB used to participate in international competitions. Taking seven urban agglomerations covering 70 cities along [...] Read more.
The ecological protection and high-quality development (HQD) of the Yellow River Basin (YRB) have been promoted as national strategies. An urban agglomeration is the basic unit of the YRB used to participate in international competitions. Taking seven urban agglomerations covering 70 cities along the YRB as the sample, this paper establishes a high-quality evaluation system and uses the entropy method and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) to analyze the HQD levels of the seven urban agglomerations along the YRB from 2009 to 2018. In addition, geographically-weighted regression (GWR) is adopted to analyze the influencing factors. The results show that: (1) the gap in the HQD of the seven urban agglomerations gradually narrows, showing a spatial pattern of “high in the east, low in the west, and depression in the middle”; (2) the HQD levels of the seven urban agglomerations have a strong spatial correlation, and the patterns of cold and hot spots have not changed substantially, showing the spatial distribution of “hot in the east, cold in the west”; (3) the degree of influence of each driving factor on the HQD differs among the seven urban agglomerations. The order is as follows: industrial structure upgrading index > proportion of R&D expenditure > urbanization rate > internet penetration rate > proportion of urban construction area > proportion of days reaching the air standard. These findings show that advanced industrial structure and technology are the two core driving forces for the HQD of the urban agglomerations along the YRB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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22 pages, 6972 KiB  
Article
The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Lessons Are We Learning on 4IR and the Sustainable Development Goals
by David Mhlanga
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1879; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031879 - 08 Feb 2022
Cited by 43 | Viewed by 7170
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic came with disruptions in every aspect of human existence, with all the sectors of the economies of the world affected greatly. In the health sector, the pandemic halted and reversed progress in health and subsequently shortened life expectancy, especially in [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic came with disruptions in every aspect of human existence, with all the sectors of the economies of the world affected greatly. In the health sector, the pandemic halted and reversed progress in health and subsequently shortened life expectancy, especially in developing and underdeveloped nations. On the other hand, machine learning and artificial intelligence contributed a great deal to the handling of the pandemic globally. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the role played by artificial intelligence and machine learning in addressing the dangers posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as extrapolate the lessons on the fourth industrial revolution and sustainable development goals. Using qualitative content analysis, the results indicated that artificial intelligence and machine learning played an important role in the response to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and various digital communication tools through telehealth performed meaningful roles in scaling customer communications, provided a platform for understanding how COVID-19 spreads, and sped up research and treatment of COVID-19, among other notable achievements. The lessons we draw from this is that, despite the disruptions and the rise in the number of unintended consequences of technology in the fourth industrial revolution, the role played by artificial intelligence and machine learning motivates us to conclude that governments must build trust in these technologies, to address health problems going forward, to ensure that the sustainable development goals related to good health and wellbeing are achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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26 pages, 1535 KiB  
Article
Online Information of COVID-19: Visibility and Characterization of Highest Positioned Websites by Google between March and April 2020—A Cross-Country Analysis
by Anna Kłak, Jolanta Grygielska, Małgorzata Mańczak, Ewelina Ejchman-Pac, Jakub Owoc, Urszula Religioni and Robert Olszewski
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1491; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031491 - 28 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2067
Abstract
Background: The WHO has used the term “infodemic” to describe the vast amount of false and true information that was making it difficult for people to find reliable information when they needed it. The infodemic spreads faster than COVID-19 itself. The main objective [...] Read more.
Background: The WHO has used the term “infodemic” to describe the vast amount of false and true information that was making it difficult for people to find reliable information when they needed it. The infodemic spreads faster than COVID-19 itself. The main objective of the study was to characterize and analyze content about COVID-19 returned by Google during the pandemic and compare it between countries. Methods: The study was conducted between 30 March and 27 April 2020. The information was searched through local Google websites using the “COVID-19”, “Coronavirus”, “SARS-CoV-2” and “fake news” keywords. The search was conducted in Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Singapore, Spain, UK and the USA. The total number of the analyzed webpages was 685. Results: The most frequent types were News websites 47% (324/685) and Governmental 19% (131/685) while the least were Health portals 2% (17/685) and Scientific journals 5% (35/635), p < 0.001. United States and Australia had the highest share of Governmental websites. There was a positive correlation between the amount of preventive information and a number of SARS-CoV-2 infections in countries. The higher the number of tests performed, the higher was the amount of information about prevention available online. Conclusions: Online information is usually available on news and government websites and refers to prevention. There were differences between countries in types of information available online. The highest positioned (the first 20) websites for COVID-19, Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 keywords returned by Google include true information. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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11 pages, 333 KiB  
Article
Pain Management Strategies among Cancer Patients. Normalization of the CSQ (The Pain Coping Strategies Questionnaire) Form
by Urszula Religioni, Aleksandra Czerw, Katarzyna Sygit, Krzysztof Zdziarski, Olga Partyka, Monika Pajewska, Anna Augustynowicz, Michał Waszkiewicz, Elżbieta Cipora, Ewa Ziółkowska, Dominika Mękal, Sylwia Jopek, Łukasz Strzępek and Tomasz Banaś
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(2), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19021013 - 17 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2773
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer is associated with chronic pain, which significantly reduces the quality of life. The level of pain depends on the dominant pain management strategy that the patient uses. Objective: This study seeks to evaluate the application of the Pain Coping Strategies Questionnaire [...] Read more.
Introduction: Cancer is associated with chronic pain, which significantly reduces the quality of life. The level of pain depends on the dominant pain management strategy that the patient uses. Objective: This study seeks to evaluate the application of the Pain Coping Strategies Questionnaire among cancer patients and develop norms allowing differentiation of patients with diagnosed cancer in terms of pain management strategies. Material and Methods: The study involved 1187 patients diagnosed with malignant cancer, who are under outpatient care of the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute—Oncology Center in Warsaw. The study used the Pain Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) elaborated by A.K. Rosentel and F.J. Keefe. Results: Socioeconomic variables and medical factors affect pain management strategies chosen by patients. The area most strongly differentiated by the studied variables is praying/hoping. Factors that have the greatest impact on the choice of pain management strategies for cancer patients include education, income, and radiation therapy. Sten standards were developed to determine the severity of pain management strategies used in the low-average-high categories. Conclusions: The CSQ questionnaire should be used in cancer patients, and the result of the strategy used can be a prognostic factor for the expected effects of therapy. Knowledge of the variables most strongly affecting patients’ choice of strategies that are not conducive to strengthening health attitudes and the ability to determine the severity of pain management strategies on standard scales allows us to focus psychotherapeutic activities on patients who need support most. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
25 pages, 4645 KiB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Evolution and Spatial Network Analysis of the Urban Ecological Carrying Capacity in the Yellow River Basin
by Ke Liu, Shiwen Yang, Qian Zhou and Yurong Qiao
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(1), 229; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010229 - 26 Dec 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2603
Abstract
Based on the panel data of 82 cities in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) during 2008–2017, this paper calculated the urban ecological carrying capacity (UECC) index by means of the entropy method, drew a spatiotemporal evolution map using ArcGIS10.3 software, used a spatial [...] Read more.
Based on the panel data of 82 cities in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) during 2008–2017, this paper calculated the urban ecological carrying capacity (UECC) index by means of the entropy method, drew a spatiotemporal evolution map using ArcGIS10.3 software, used a spatial cold–hot spot model to explore the spatial characteristics of the UECC index, and used the revised gravity model to construct the spatial network of the UECC. In addition, through social network analysis, we obtained the spatial network correlation characteristics of the UECC of 82 cities in the YRB. The study found the following: (1) The UECC index of the cities in the YRB increased steadily, and showed strong non-stationarity in space. The cold and hot spot patterns both changed greatly. Overall, the changes of the hot and cold spots were very significant. (2) The spatial correlation and linkage effects of the UECC in the YRB were not significant. The central cities with higher point centrality and closeness centrality showed the same spatial distribution, and most of them are located in the midstream and downstream of the YRB. The central cities in the midstream and downstream of the YRB had high betweenness centrality, and stood in the center of the association network. (3) The four plates in the spatial correlation network of the UECC in the YRB all showed their advantages and functions. The first plate was the net spillover plate, which was principally allocated in the upstream and midstream of the YRB. The second plate was the broker plate, which was principally located in the midstream and downstream of the YRB, and a few cities in the upper reaches. The third plate was the net inflow plate, which was distributed sporadically in the upstream and downstream of the YRB. The fourth plate was the broker plate, which was scattered in upstream, midstream, and downstream of the YRB. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten the gap of and promote the improvement of the UECC in the YRB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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21 pages, 1149 KiB  
Article
Do Double-Edged Swords Cut Both Ways? The Role of Technology Innovation and Resource Consumption in Environmental Regulation and Economic Performance
by Qian Zhou, Meng Shi, Qi Huang and Tao Shi
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(24), 13152; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413152 - 13 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1999
Abstract
The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is one of the significant regions with the strongest economic vitality in China. This study focuses on environmental regulation in the eleven Greater Bay Area cities to explore the relationship between it and economic performance for [...] Read more.
The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is one of the significant regions with the strongest economic vitality in China. This study focuses on environmental regulation in the eleven Greater Bay Area cities to explore the relationship between it and economic performance for the period 2000–2016. In doing so, we employ spatial panel models (including the spatial instrumental variable method) to investigate the nonlinear relationship between economic growth and environmental regulation. We confirm the existence of a U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental regulation in the Greater Bay Area. In the first half of the inverted U shape, the higher the economic development level, the stronger the environmental regulation strength; however, the latter begins to decrease after the peak point. The doubled-edged sword does not cut both ways. This paper verifies that technology innovation and resource consumption are two important mechanisms. Further, we find that both economic growth and environmental regulation have negative spatial externalities; innovation has a positive impact on the environmental regulation of the local city as well as surrounding cities, while resource consumption is on the contrary. In conclusion, this paper provides policy recommendations to further promote economic growth and environmental technologies, and to enhance energy efficiency in GBA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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11 pages, 685 KiB  
Article
Self-Care by Muslim Women during Ramadan Fasting to Protect Nutritional and Cardiovascular Health
by Marta López-Bueno, Ángel Fernández-Aparicio, Emilio González-Jiménez, Miguel Ángel Montero-Alonso and Jacqueline Schmidt-RioValle
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(23), 12393; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312393 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1981
Abstract
The practice of Ramadan involves a series of changes in lifestyle, mainly in eating habits. The research aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of overweight-obesity, the degree of compliance with dietary recommendations and the effects of religious fasting on cardiovascular [...] Read more.
The practice of Ramadan involves a series of changes in lifestyle, mainly in eating habits. The research aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of overweight-obesity, the degree of compliance with dietary recommendations and the effects of religious fasting on cardiovascular health among a population of Muslim women living in Melilla, a Spanish city in North Africa. A follow-up cohort study was conducted on 62 healthy adult women (33.6 ± 12.7 years). Anthropometric and body composition parameters were obtained using bioimpedance and dietary records. All of the participants were overweight or obese, especially due to the non-compliance with dietary recommendations; however, more than 60% considered their weight was appropriate or even low. By the end of Ramadan, the women’s body mass index and fat component values had fallen significantly (p < 0.001), but this loss was later recovered. Dietary records revealed an excessive consumption of lipids and sodium, and the presence of a high waist-to-hip ratio. All of these factors are related to cardiovascular risk. In conclusion, promoting nutritional health and encouraging year-round self-care among adult Muslim women is necessary in order to ensure healthy fasting during Ramadan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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Review

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15 pages, 1223 KiB  
Review
Insulin Resistance and Urolithiasis as a Challenge for a Dietitian
by Michalina Lubawy and Dorota Formanowicz
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(12), 7160; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127160 - 10 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2169
Abstract
Many obesity and diet-related diseases have been observed in recent years. Insulin resistance (IR), a state of tissue resistance to insulin due to its impaired function, is a common coexisting condition. The most important predisposing factors are excessive visceral fat and chronic low-grade [...] Read more.
Many obesity and diet-related diseases have been observed in recent years. Insulin resistance (IR), a state of tissue resistance to insulin due to its impaired function, is a common coexisting condition. The most important predisposing factors are excessive visceral fat and chronic low-grade inflammatory response. However, IR’s pathogenesis is not fully understood. Hence, the diagnosis of IR should be carried out carefully because many different diagnostic paths do not always give equivalent results. An additional disease that is often associated with IR is urolithiasis. The common feature of these two conditions is metabolic acidosis and mild inflammation. A patient diagnosed with IR and urolithiasis is a big challenge for a dietitian. It is necessary to check a thorough dietary history, make an appropriate anthropometric measurement, plan a full-fledged diet, and carry out the correct nutritional treatment. It is also essential to conduct proper laboratory diagnostics to plan nutritional treatment, which is often a big challenge for dietitians. The diet’s basic assumptions are based on the appropriate selection of carbohydrates, healthy fats, and wholesome protein sources. It is also essential to properly compose meals, prepare them, and plan physical activities tailored to the abilities. The study aims to summarise the necessary information on IR with concomitant urolithiasis, which may be helpful in dietary practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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11 pages, 958 KiB  
Review
Falsified Medicines Directive in a Secondary Care Environment—Impact on Supply Chain
by Piotr Merks, Urszula Religioni, Nuno Pinto de Castro, Anna Augustynowicz, Katarzyna Plagens-Rotman, David Brindley, Anna Kowalczuk, Justyna Kaźmierczak, Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska, Eliza Blicharska, Katarina Fehir Sola, Martin J. Hug, Klaudiusz Gajewski and Paweł Piątkiewicz
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3276; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063276 - 10 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2784
Abstract
The Falsified Medicines Directive (FMD) and the Delegated Regulation (DR) impact the pharmaceutical supply chain. Ahead of the deadline for implementation, in February 2019, every entity of the supply chain had to adapt its operations to the regulatory requirements to be compliant with [...] Read more.
The Falsified Medicines Directive (FMD) and the Delegated Regulation (DR) impact the pharmaceutical supply chain. Ahead of the deadline for implementation, in February 2019, every entity of the supply chain had to adapt its operations to the regulatory requirements to be compliant with the directive. This paper analyzes the supply chain of a hospital pharmacy and the impact of the FMD implementation. Furthermore, a cost analysis was performed demonstrating that the FMD increases expenditure in the secondary care environment dispensing operations. Governments should be aware that this regulation will certainly impact public healthcare institutions in the long term. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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16 pages, 1001 KiB  
Review
Continuity of Nursing Care in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review
by Gloria Posadas-Collado, María J. Membrive-Jiménez, José L. Romero-Béjar, José L. Gómez-Urquiza, Luis Albendín-García, Nora Suleiman-Martos and Guillermo A. Cañadas-De La Fuente
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(5), 3000; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19053000 - 04 Mar 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5926
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and patient continuity of care is essential. Health professionals can help in the transition stage by providing resources to achieve pharmacological treatment adherence, as well as social and emotional support. The objective was [...] Read more.
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and patient continuity of care is essential. Health professionals can help in the transition stage by providing resources to achieve pharmacological treatment adherence, as well as social and emotional support. The objective was to analyse the effects of nursing interventions based on continuity of care in patients with coronary artery disease after hospital discharge. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies was carried out. Cochrane, CINAHL, Health & medical collection, Medline, and Scopus databases were consulted in January 2022. PRISMA guidelines were followed with no time limits. In total, 16 articles were included with a total of 2950 patients. Nurse-led continuity of care programs improved the monitoring and control of the disease. Positive effects were found in the quality of life of patients, and in mental health, self-efficacy, and self-care capacity dimensions. Clinical parameters such as blood pressure and lipid levels decreased. The continuity of care provided by nurses had a positive influence on the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease. Nurse-led care focused on the needs and resources, including continuity of care, plays a key role. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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Other

Jump to: Research, Review

2 pages, 276 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Albendín-García et al. Explanatory Models of Burnout Diagnosis Based on Personality Factors in Primary Care Nurses. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9170
by Luis Albendín-García, Nora Suleiman-Martos, Elena Ortega-Campos, Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera, José L. Romero-Béjar and Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(15), 6479; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20156479 - 31 Jul 2023
Viewed by 754
Abstract
The following corrections have been made to the paper [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Lifestyle: Health Promotion and Prevention)
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