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Tobacco Use, Vaping, Heating, Nicotine Dependence, Smoking Cessation, and Public Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Behavioral and Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 13026

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Medical Clinic III, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 Lubeck, Germany
Interests: smoking cessation; nicotine delivery systems; pulmonology; emergency medicine

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Medical Clinic III, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23562 Lubeck, Germany
Interests: pulmonology; nicotine delivery systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Smoking causes various secondary diseases and plays an essential role in health systems throughout the world. In addition to smoking, both vaping and heating are also gaining importance and are becoming the focus not only in terms of tobacco cessation, but also in terms of risks and possible secondary diseases. Nations and associated medical societies show varying degrees of affinity with regard to the use of alternative nicotine delivery systems. Final data and, above all, risk assessments are still pending. Politically, this plays an essential role not only in the health expenditure in the future, but above all in the prevention today. Likewise, there are questions as to which alternative approaches to tobacco cessation, such as apps, play significant roles in society. While medicine pursues tobacco cessation with various approaches, attempts are also being made at the political level to reduce the number of nicotine/tobacco addicts. The WHO Framework Convention FCTC also plays an essential role in this regard, both in its measures and the monitoring of the success of these measures.

Disclaimer: We will not accept research funded in part or full by any tobacco companies in this Special Issue. For more details, please check: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2831/htm.

Dr. Klaas F. Franzen
Dr. Daniel Drömann
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cigarette
  • e-cigarette
  • heated tobacco product
  • JUUL
  • nicotine pouches
  • smoking cessation
  • smoking
  • cessations app
  • public health
  • FCTC

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1488 KiB  
Article
Use of and Beliefs toward Novel Tobacco and Nicotine Products among Portuguese University Students: A Pandemic Survey
by Marina Vaz, Pedro Cascais and Olga Lourenço
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(4), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21040478 - 14 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1403
Abstract
Over the last decade, novel tobacco and nicotine product experimentation and use have dramatically increased among the youth, even in countries with strong tobacco control and anti-smoking social norms. We performed an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in March-June 2021, targeting students from the [...] Read more.
Over the last decade, novel tobacco and nicotine product experimentation and use have dramatically increased among the youth, even in countries with strong tobacco control and anti-smoking social norms. We performed an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in March-June 2021, targeting students from the University of Beira Interior, Portugal. The aim was to assess the experimentation and use of tobacco and nicotine products and students’ beliefs towards these products. Of the 452 participants, 67.0% were female; the mean age was 21.9 ± 3 years. Most students (60.4%) reported experimenting with tobacco/nicotine products; 31.2% were current users; polyconsumption was common. Of the current users, all used cigarettes, 41.1% used heated tobacco, 20.6% e-cigarettes, and 14.9% used water pipes. Our multivariate analysis showed that being male, being in the third year of study, and cohabiting or socializing with smokers were strongly associated with tobacco/nicotine use. While most students agree that heated tobacco and e-cigarettes are addictive, that they are not less harmful than cigarettes, and that second-hand exposure may cause health problems, few tobacco/nicotine users are ready to quit, and few students support a smoke-free university campus. These findings indicate high experimentation and the regular dual use of novel tobacco and nicotine products and suggest a pro-smoking social norm among university students. Full article
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12 pages, 3112 KiB  
Article
Nicotine Dependence among College Students Uninterested in Smoking Cessation during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey
by Makoto Aoike, Yukihiro Mori, Yuka Aoyama, Mamoru Tanaka, Hana Kozai, Yukihiro Shigeno, Hatsumi Kawamura, Masato Tsurudome and Morihiro Ito
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(6), 5135; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065135 - 14 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3367
Abstract
This study investigated nicotine dependence among Japanese university students who had reached the smoking age (20 years or older) by the time of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and examined factors that encourage early smoking cessation. Social dependence on nicotine was evaluated [...] Read more.
This study investigated nicotine dependence among Japanese university students who had reached the smoking age (20 years or older) by the time of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and examined factors that encourage early smoking cessation. Social dependence on nicotine was evaluated using the Kano Total Social Nicotine Dependence Level (KTSND), and physiological dependence was evaluated using the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Index (FTND). Of the 356 college students who smoked (4.4% of the total), 182 (51.1%) stated that they were not interested in quitting. Furthermore, 124 (68.1%) of those with no interest in quitting smoking were aware that smoking is a high-risk factor for COVID-19, and 58 (31.9%) were unaware. The group not aware of this risk had significantly higher KTSND scores than the group aware of it. The examination of cigarette type that indicated the users of non-conventional cigarette products and dual-user groups scored significantly higher than the cigarette group on FTND items. Overall, the smokers scored above the normal range for social nicotine dependence, suggesting the need to reduce nicotine dependence to encourage college students who continue to smoke to quit smoking. Full article
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14 pages, 387 KiB  
Article
IQOS Use and Interest by Sociodemographic and Tobacco Behavior Characteristics among Adults in the US and Israel
by Hagai Levine, Zongshuan Duan, Yael Bar-Zeev, Lorien C. Abroms, Amal Khayat, Sararat Tosakoon, Katelyn F. Romm, Yan Wang and Carla J. Berg
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3141; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043141 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2933
Abstract
Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have expanded globally. IQOS, a global HTP leader, was launched in Israel in 2016 and the US in 2019. To inform tobacco control efforts, it is critical to understand who is likely to use HTPs in different countries with [...] Read more.
Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have expanded globally. IQOS, a global HTP leader, was launched in Israel in 2016 and the US in 2019. To inform tobacco control efforts, it is critical to understand who is likely to use HTPs in different countries with distinct regulatory and marketing contexts. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among adult (ages 18–45) online panelists in the US (n = 1128) and Israel (n = 1094), oversampling tobacco users, in the fall of 2021, and used multivariable regression to identify correlates of (1) ever using IQOS; (2) past-month vs. former among ever users; and (3) interest in trying IQOS among never users. Among US adults, correlates of ever use included being Asian (aOR = 3.30) or Hispanic (aOR = 2.83) vs. White, and past-month use of cigarettes (aOR = 3.32), e-cigarettes (aOR = 2.67), and other tobacco (aOR = 3.34); in Israel, correlates included being younger (aOR = 0.97), male (aOR = 1.64), and cigarette (aOR = 4.01), e-cigarette (aOR = 1.92) and other tobacco use (aOR = 1.63). Among never users, correlates of greater interest included cigarette and e-cigarette use in the US (β = 0.57, β = 0.90) and Israel (β = 0.88, β = 0.92). IQOS use prevalence was low (US: 3.0%; Israel: 16.2%) but represented in vulnerable subpopulations (younger adults, racial/ethnic minorities). Full article
11 pages, 310 KiB  
Article
E-Cigarette Quit Attempts and Experiences in a Convenience Sample of Adult Users
by Meagan A. Bluestein, Geronimo Bejarano, Alayna P. Tackett, Jaimie C. Duano, Shelby Grace Rawls, Elizabeth A. Vandewater, Jasjit S. Ahluwalia and Emily T. Hébert
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2332; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032332 - 28 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2699
Abstract
Most e-cigarette users report planning to quit, but there is a paucity of evidence-based interventions for e-cigarette cessation. In the absence of interventions for e-cigarette cessation, we sought to understand how and why e-cigarette users attempt to quit on their own. Participants were [...] Read more.
Most e-cigarette users report planning to quit, but there is a paucity of evidence-based interventions for e-cigarette cessation. In the absence of interventions for e-cigarette cessation, we sought to understand how and why e-cigarette users attempt to quit on their own. Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk, an online crowdsourcing platform. Those who reported they had ever used e-cigarettes regularly and had attempted to quit e-cigarette use were eligible for participation. Measures included demographic characteristics, other tobacco product use, e-cigarette device characteristics, barriers to quitting e-cigarettes, and facilitators to quitting e-cigarettes. A content analysis was conducted on twotwo open-ended questions that asked about advice respondents had for others trying to quit vaping and resources they wished they had during their quit attempt. Descriptive analyses were performed (means/standard errors; frequencies/proportions). A total of 89.0% reported using an e-cigarette with nicotine, 20.2% reported a nicotine concentration of 4–6 mg/mL%, 32.8% reported using multiple flavors, and 77.7% reported using their e-cigarette every day or some days. The primary reason reported for wanting to quit e-cigarettes was health concerns (42.2%), and 56.7% reported trying to quit “cold turkey”. During quit attempts, 41.0% reported intense cravings and 53.1% reported stress as a trigger. From the content analysis, the most commonly cited suggestion for those wanting to quit e-cigarettes was distractions/hobbies (19.9%), followed by reducing/tapering down nicotine (16.9%). Descriptive information on demographics, e-cigarette use, device characteristics, barriers, facilitators, and quit methods provides a first step in identifying factors that contribute to successful interventions designed for e-cigarette cessation. Full article
11 pages, 329 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Smoking Various Tobacco Types in the Kazakhstani Adult Population in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Natalya Glushkova, Dariga Smailova, Zhanar Namazbayeva, Gulmira Mukasheva, Ayaulym Zhamakurova, Asylzhan Kuanyshkalieva, Indira K. Karibayeva, Almagul Kauysheva, Nurzhamal Otyzbayeva, Maksut Kulzhanov and Yuliya Semenova
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 1509; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021509 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1924
Abstract
Tobacco use was the second-leading risk factor for death, accounting for 15.4% of total deaths in 2019. In 2019, 20.4% (2.7 million) of the adult population in Kazakhstan, 36.5% of men, and 6.0% of women smoked tobacco. A cross-sectional study of a random [...] Read more.
Tobacco use was the second-leading risk factor for death, accounting for 15.4% of total deaths in 2019. In 2019, 20.4% (2.7 million) of the adult population in Kazakhstan, 36.5% of men, and 6.0% of women smoked tobacco. A cross-sectional study of a random sample (n = 1201) was conducted between October and December 2021 in accordance with the STEPwise approach. The tobacco-use questions were focused on current and previous smoking status, initiation and duration of smoking, amount of tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke, and information related to quitting smoking. From 20.8% of smokers, 93.8% of men and 80.2% of women use tobacco products daily, χ2 = 10.983, p-score < 0.001. The earliest initiation of smoking was 6 years old. The prevalence of smoking tobacco products in Kazakhstan is 20.8%, which means that every fifth adult smokes. In addition, the proportion of smokers among men was 38.5%, and among women, it was 10.1%. A total of 93.8% of men and 80.2% of women smoked daily. The role of healthcare professionals in smoking prevention is very low, and only 16.9% of respondents have been advised to quit smoking in the last 12 months. New interventions for tobacco smoking prevention are urgently needed in Kazakhstan. Full article
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