Characterization and Monitoring of Coastal Hydrological Environment for Assessing the Impact of Seawater Intrusion on Coastal Aquifers

A special issue of Hydrology (ISSN 2306-5338). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Waters and Groundwaters".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 18 October 2025 | Viewed by 811

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi, 103-41125 Modena, Italy
Interests: hydrogeology; water isotopes; aquifer recharge; coastal aquifer; spring; hydrochemistry; slope hydrology; groundwater monitoring; water tracers; groundwater modelling
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Guest Editor
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: aquifer systems; isotopes hydrology; groundwater and sustainability; foot hill aquifers; coastal aquifers; mountain aquifers; arctic hydrology; hydrogeological conceptual model; groundwater and streamwater monitoring
Croatian Geological Survey, Ulica Milana Sachsa 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: hydrogeology; coastal aquifer, fractured aquifer; thermal water; groundwater modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change and environmental and anthropic modifications impact the hydrological cycle, water resources, and ecosystems, posing great challenges for global water and ecosystem management, especially where the ecological equilibria are strongly dependent on groundwater–surface water interactions. In coastal aquifers, seawater intrusion is a worldwide problem that greatly restricts the social and economic development of coastal areas. It is caused by natural processes but significantly worsened by aquifer overexploitation for irrigation and drinking water supply, land subsidence, sea level rise, and climate changes, which contribute to the reduction in groundwater natural recharge.

This Special Issue calls for any contributions on the characterization and monitoring of surface water and groundwater resources and the connected ecosystems in coastal areas, with a focus on the impact of seawater intrusion on the quantitative and qualitative statuses of these resources.

A list of desired contributions includes tools, equipment, methods, modeling, and/or experiences in the following areas:

  • Hydrological, hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical mapping and characterization of the subsurface, involving the distribution of freshwater and saltwater;
  • Assessment of climate change impact on surface/groundwater resources in coastal areas in terms of the quantity and quality, and ecosystem status;
  • Risk and vulnerability assessment methods;
  • Management approaches;
  • Monitoring experiences.

We therefore welcome original papers from researchers, practitioners, and decisionmakers on their findings on seawater/saltwater intrusion from different perspectives. Full research articles, reviews, and short commentaries/communications from practitioners are welcome. 

Dr. Francesco Ronchetti
Dr. Marco Doveri
Dr. Marco Pola
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • seawater/saltwater intrusion
  • coastal aquifer
  • environment
  • hydrogeology
  • climate change
  • monitoring
  • coast

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

29 pages, 8155 KiB  
Article
Time-Series Analysis of Monitoring Data from Springs to Assess the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of a Coastal Discharge Zone: Example of Jurjevska Žrnovnica Springs in Croatia
by Andrej Stroj, Jasmina Lukač Reberski, Louise D. Maurice and Ben P. Marchant
Hydrology 2025, 12(5), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology12050118 - 13 May 2025
Viewed by 439
Abstract
This study assesses the functioning of the karst aquifer system located on the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea, where saltwater intrusion often presents a major problem for freshwater supply. We use two years of sensor data collected from two coastal springs to [...] Read more.
This study assesses the functioning of the karst aquifer system located on the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea, where saltwater intrusion often presents a major problem for freshwater supply. We use two years of sensor data collected from two coastal springs to conduct a range of time-invariant and time-variant statistical analyses over various timescales. We perform separate analyses of the within-day and longer-term variation in the data as well as the interactions between the spring levels, salinity, rainfall, and sea levels. Such comprehensive analyses provide a greater understanding into the inner functioning of the intricate, heavily karstified aquifers. Time-invariant time-series analyses of the hourly data indicate that the spring levels and salinity are strongly controlled by sea levels. Furthermore, time-variant wavelet analyses demonstrate that the variation in spring levels in both springs has two modes defined by flow regime. Increases in the delay of the spring response to sea level indicate that aquifer diffusivity decreases in low flow conditions. Analyses facilitated the development of a conceptual model of the karst subsurface in the discharge zone. Using daily data, we constructed a linear mixed model of the spring levels. This model identified long-term sea level changes, rainfall from previous weeks, and seasonal recharge patterns as the primary factors influencing longer-term spring dynamics. Full article
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