Molecular Insights into Fruit Ripening and Senescence

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Developmental Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 222

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
Interests: fruit ripening and senescence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Guangdong AIB Polytechnic College, Guangzhou 510507, China
Interests: postharvest biology of fruits and vegetables
South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
Interests: fruit quality formation; maintenance; deterioration mechanism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fruit ripening is the sophisticated interplay of physiological and biochemical transformations, encompassing chlorophyll degradation (de-greening) and pigment biosynthesis, textural softening through cell wall remodeling and turgor pressure regulation, and the biosynthesis of flavor compounds and nutrients such as carbohydrates, organic acids, and volatile organic compounds. These ripening processes and subsequent senescence events are governed by intricate molecular networks involving the coordinated actions of ripening-related genes, transcriptional regulators, enzymatic systems, signaling cascades, and metabolic reprogramming that ultimately dictate both fruit quality and postharvest deterioration patterns.

Determining the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit ripening and senescence has substantial agricultural and economic significance. Over the past decade, research has yielded significant insights through multidimensional investigations spanning physiology, phytohormone, structural/functional genes, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications. Despite these advancements, fundamental questions persist regarding the precise molecular initiators and comprehensive regulatory network controlling these biological processes.

This Special Issue will collate cutting-edge research advancing our understanding of molecular regulation in fruit ripening and senescence. We particularly welcome contributions investigating (but not limited to) the following:

  • Core structural genes and their functional characterization;
  • Transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms;
  • Translational regulation and post-translational modifications;
  • Epigenetic regulation and chromatin dynamics.

Dr. Guoxiang Jiang 
Dr. Yijie Zhou
Dr. Zhiwei Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ripening
  • senescence
  • chlorophyll degradation
  • pigment biosynthesis
  • textural softening
  • cell wall
  • flavor
  • carbohydrates
  • organic acids
  • volatile organic compounds

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 12703 KB  
Article
Identification of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase, Sucrose Synthase, and Invertase Gene Families of Longan in Relation to On-Tree Preservation
by Meiying He, Liang Shuai, Yijie Zhou, Mubo Song, Feilong Yin and Yunfen Liu
Horticulturae 2025, 11(10), 1270; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101270 (registering DOI) - 21 Oct 2025
Abstract
As a typical sucrose-accumulating fruit, longan commonly experiences sugar receding during on-tree preservation, leading to quality deterioration. To investigate the mechanism of sucrose degradation in longan fruit, we conducted genome-wide identification and analysis of key genes involved in sucrose synthesis and catabolism based [...] Read more.
As a typical sucrose-accumulating fruit, longan commonly experiences sugar receding during on-tree preservation, leading to quality deterioration. To investigate the mechanism of sucrose degradation in longan fruit, we conducted genome-wide identification and analysis of key genes involved in sucrose synthesis and catabolism based on the ‘Shixia’ (SX) genome. The results revealed that longan contained 8 sucrose synthases (SUSs), 4 sucrose phosphate synthases (SPSs), and 26 invertases (INVs). Notably, members of the longan SUS, SPS, and cell wall invertase (CWINV) families all contained the motif 10 sequence, while cytoplasmic invertase (CINV) members exhibited diverse motif combinations. Similarity analysis revealed that sequence similarity was reliable only when the sequence lengths of the compared genes were comparable. Cis-acting elements and miRNA prediction showed that these genes were enriched in MYB elements and regulated by miR156/827/171. Additionally, the expansion of SUS, SPS, and INV genes was driven by segmental duplication events under purifying selection. Furthermore, the ‘Chuliang’ (CL) cultivar exhibited slower on-tree sucrose degradation than SX, with sucrose accounting for 72.2% of total sugars at maturity, which is 33.4% higher than SX. Enzyme activity assay during the sucrose decline stage revealed that SUS, SPS, and INV activities were generally higher in SX pulp than in CL. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that the activities of AINV and A/N-INV were both significantly negatively correlated with TSS and sucrose content, respectively. Additionally, the expression of DlCWINV10 exhibited a negative correlation with TSS (p < 0.05) and sucrose content (r = −0.6, p = 0.07), suggesting that DlCWINV10 may play an important role in the sucrose degradation process. In summary, this study elucidates the characteristics of SUS, SPS, and INV gene families in longan and their potential roles in sucrose metabolism, providing a theoretical foundation for understanding the on-tree sucrose degradation mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Insights into Fruit Ripening and Senescence)
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