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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites
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Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Processed Horticultural Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2026) | Viewed by 8388

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rocio Gil-Muñoz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain
Interests: wine; grape; phenolic compounds; volatile compounds; ochratoxin A; biogenic amines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Juan Daniel Moreno-Olivares

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Murcian Institute of Agricultural and Environment Research and Development (IMIDA), Ctra. La Alberca s/n, 30150 Murcia, Spain
Interests: grape; wine; aromas; polyphenols
Dr. María José Giménez-Bañón

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental, Calle Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain
Interests: grape; wine; aromas; polyphenols

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The current and forthcoming climatic conditions are exerting a significant influence not only on grape cultivation but also on wine production across numerous viticultural regions. Consequently, viticulturists, oenologists, and scientists are exploring novel grape varieties, innovative cultivation techniques, and alternative winemaking methodologies to craft high-quality wines tailored to consumer preferences. The significance lies in the imperative to continue producing high-quality wines in the forthcoming years, wherein the new climatic conditions will jeopardize the cultivation of indigenous grape varieties in arid and dry climatic zones.

The purpose of this Special Issue “Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites” is to present the impact of these changes on crops, particularly showcasing innovative studies to mitigate the adverse consequences of climate change in numerous viticultural regions worldwide.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Rocio Gil-Muñoz
Dr. Juan Daniel Moreno-Olivares
Dr. María José Giménez-Bañón
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • grapes
  • wines
  • polyphenols
  • aromas
  • climate change
  • Vitis vinifera
  • polysaccharides

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1095 KB  
Article
Chemical and Sensory Characterization of Dry-Farmed Vitis vinifera L. cv. País Wines from the Maule and Itata Valleys: Evidence from a Single Vintage
by Gonzalo Mena-Acevedo, Karinna Estay, Mariona Gil-i-Cortiella, Cristina Ubeda, Pilar Miranda-Avendaño, Carla Jara-Campos and Alvaro Peña-Neira
Horticulturae 2026, 12(5), 558; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12050558 - 2 May 2026
Viewed by 1212
Abstract
Dry-farmed vineyards of Vitis vinifera L. cv. País in central–southern Chile represent one of the oldest viticultural systems in the Americas; however, objective compositional evidence supporting valley-scale typicity remains limited. This single-vintage study evaluated whether dry-farmed País wines from the Maule and Itata [...] Read more.
Dry-farmed vineyards of Vitis vinifera L. cv. País in central–southern Chile represent one of the oldest viticultural systems in the Americas; however, objective compositional evidence supporting valley-scale typicity remains limited. This single-vintage study evaluated whether dry-farmed País wines from the Maule and Itata valleys exhibit compositional and sensory differences under standardized winemaking conditions. Ten monovarietal wines (2018 vintage; n = 5 per valley) were produced by controlled microvinification and analysed for general chemistry, phenolic composition, polysaccharides, chromatic attributes (CIELAB), and volatile compounds (SPME–GC–MS), together with descriptive sensory analysis by a trained panel. Total phenols (~1.2 g GAE L−1), anthocyanins (~130 mg malvidin-3-glucoside equivalents L−1), and tannins were low and comparable between valleys. However, differences were observed in specific compositional domains: Maule wines showed higher flavanols, polysaccharides, and aldehydes, whereas Itata wines exhibited higher ester levels. Sensory evaluation revealed differences in colour intensity, floral aroma, retronasal red-fruit notes, and astringency. Multivariate analysis (PCoA) revealed a structured but partial separation between valleys; however, this pattern was not supported by PERMANOVA, indicating limited statistical evidence for multivariate differentiation. These findings, based on a single vintage, suggest subtle compositional and sensory differences rather than strong valley-level typicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites)
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21 pages, 533 KB  
Article
Enological Potential of Autochthonous Red Spanish Grape Varieties as a Strategy to Address Climate Change
by Inés Sampedro-Marigómez, María Curiel-Fernández, Enrique Barajas, Alberto Martín-Baz, José Antonio Rubio, Marta Bueno-Herrera and Silvia Pérez-Magariño
Horticulturae 2026, 12(3), 330; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12030330 - 10 Mar 2026
Viewed by 489
Abstract
In the context of global climate change, exploring locally adapted grape varieties has become imperative for the future of the wine industry. Autochthonous red grape varieties from Castilla y León region (Spain) are being studied as a sustainable option due to their local [...] Read more.
In the context of global climate change, exploring locally adapted grape varieties has become imperative for the future of the wine industry. Autochthonous red grape varieties from Castilla y León region (Spain) are being studied as a sustainable option due to their local adaptation. This study aimed to evaluate different agronomic variables of nine minority varieties over four years at each vineyard, and their enological potential in two later vintages. Enological parameters and phenolic composition were analyzed in grapes and in the resulting wines to assess quality and typicity. Most of the grape varieties were able the produced good quality wines with distinct enological profiles. Bruñal, Cenicienta and Tinto Jeromo had characteristics associated with more structured wines (>1500 mg/L of total polyphenols and total tannins), making them suitable for oak aging. Estaladiña showed similar features, together with a very high productivity. Mouraz and Negro Saurí showed characteristics suitable for rosé wine production. Gajo Arroba and Mandón exhibited high total acidity (>4 g/L of tartaric acid), indicating their potential use in coupage to improve wine acidity. Overall, these varieties represent a valuable resource to increase wine diversity and resilience under changing climates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites)
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22 pages, 1441 KB  
Article
Climate Change Effect on Polyphenols of Grignolino Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) in Hilly Environment
by Maurizio Petrozziello, Federico Piano, Federica Bonello, Vasiliki Ragkousi, Franca Meleddu, Mario Ronco and Andriani Asproudi
Horticulturae 2026, 12(2), 206; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae12020206 - 6 Feb 2026
Viewed by 818
Abstract
Climate change is modifying ecoclimatic conditions, including temperature, solar radiation, and water availability, with significant impacts on grapevine phenology, berry ripening, and the polyphenolic composition of grapes cultivated in temperate regions. The influence of different meteorological conditions during ripening on the polyphenolic composition [...] Read more.
Climate change is modifying ecoclimatic conditions, including temperature, solar radiation, and water availability, with significant impacts on grapevine phenology, berry ripening, and the polyphenolic composition of grapes cultivated in temperate regions. The influence of different meteorological conditions during ripening on the polyphenolic composition of Grignolino grapes grown in a hilly environment was investigated. Grapes were collected, over three vintages, from three vineyards differing in their vine age and bunch microclimate due to having different vineyard aspects. We considered a comparable berry weight, moderate rainfall and cool conditions before veraison, followed by a warm and dry pre-harvest stage that enhanced the phenolic and especially the anthocyanin index in the grapes (e.g., 360 mg kg−1 in 2021 versus 260 mg kg−1 in 2020). Intense heat and dry conditions reduced the berry weight, leading to an increase in both flavonols and hydroxycinnamoyl tartaric acids, particularly in the younger, southwest-exposed vineyard. Older vines with a cooler aspect were the most resilient to different meteorological conditions, while young vines showed greater variability over the years. The phenolic composition was strongly influenced by the intensity and the timing of thermal stress, and eventually on limited water availability during ripening; it also depended on the vine age and the vineyard microclimate determined by the hillside aspect. This knowledge may support adaptive strategies to preserve grape quality under climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites)
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13 pages, 702 KB  
Article
Foliar Treatments with Urea and Nano-Urea Modify the Nitrogen Profile of Monastrell Grapes and Wines
by María José Giménez-Bañón, Juan Daniel Moreno-Olivares, Juan Antonio Bleda-Sánchez, José Cayetano Gómez-Martínez, Ana Cebrián-Pérez, Belén Parra-Torrejón, Gloria Belén Ramírez-Rodríguez, José Manuel Delgado-López and Rocío Gil-Muñoz
Horticulturae 2025, 11(6), 570; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11060570 - 23 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1470
Abstract
Foliar application of nitrogen can increase readily assimilable nitrogen in grapes without increasing vegetative growth and yield. Recently, nano-formulations have been used to achieve a controlled and precise release of agrochemicals, avoiding losses due to degradation and volatilisation that could cause environmental problems. [...] Read more.
Foliar application of nitrogen can increase readily assimilable nitrogen in grapes without increasing vegetative growth and yield. Recently, nano-formulations have been used to achieve a controlled and precise release of agrochemicals, avoiding losses due to degradation and volatilisation that could cause environmental problems. In this study, foliar urea treatments were applied to Monastrell grapevines in two different formats during three consecutive seasons. The treatments were administered at veraison and one week later, consisting of control, urea, and calcium phosphate nanoparticles doped with urea. The amino acids and ammonium contents were subsequently quantified in both grapes and resulting wines by HPLC-DAD. The results in the grapes depended on the season: in 2019, both treatments produced an increase in total nitrogen content; in 2020, only the nano-treatment caused it; in 2021, both treatments incremented nitrogen content. With regard to the effect on the wines, the results also depended on the season. Thus, in 2019 and 2020, there were increases in nitrogen content in the wines from the nano-treatments, in contrast to 2021 where the increase was in the urea treatment. In conclusion, both treatments can be used to prevent nitrogen deficiency in grapes and guarantee adequate fermentation development, with the additional economic and environmental advantages of nano-treatment due to the lower dosage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites)
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20 pages, 916 KB  
Article
The Influence of Climatic Conditions Associated with Altitude on the Volatile Composition of Cabernet Sauvignon Wines from Argentina, Spain and Portugal
by Leonor Deis, Liliana Martínez, Bianca S. da Costa and Mar Vilanova
Horticulturae 2024, 10(8), 870; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10080870 - 17 Aug 2024
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3476
Abstract
In addition to winemaking techniques, wine’s quality and typicity are linked to the place where the grapes are grown. Climate, soil and the cultivar are major drivers of the terroir’s expression. Moreover, climate change is affecting the distribution of grapevine varieties in different [...] Read more.
In addition to winemaking techniques, wine’s quality and typicity are linked to the place where the grapes are grown. Climate, soil and the cultivar are major drivers of the terroir’s expression. Moreover, climate change is affecting the distribution of grapevine varieties in different wine-growing regions because changes in climatic conditions over the past years is affecting grape production. This study investigated the influence of some terroir parameters on the volatile composition of Cabernet Sauvignon wines. Eight wines from vineyards sited in Argentina, Spain and Portugal with altitudes between 2400 and 77 m above sea level (a.s.l.) with different soils and climatic conditions were selected. The results suggested that the vineyard’s place significantly modified the volatile composition of Cabernet Sauvignon wines because all chemical groups of volatiles quantified were affected. Volatile acids, C6 compounds, aldehydes, esters and terpenes showed the highest concentrations at 2400 m a.s.l., where the highest thermal amplitude was observed. In Portugal, where the vineyard studies were sited at lower altitudes (77 m a.s.l.) and under warm climatic conditions, high concentrations of alcohols and lactones were observed. Alcohols also showed high concentrations in wines from vineyards sited at 413 and 155 m a.s.l. (Spain). Principal component analysis showed the positive correlation of Cabernet Sauvignon wines located at higher altitudes with terpenes. On the contrary, wines from grapes grown at lower altitude conditions exhibited a correlation with alcohols and lactones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Investigating Climate Change’s Impact on Grape and Wine Secondary Metabolites)
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