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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Research on Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement of Tree Fruit
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Research on Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement of Tree Fruit

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Genetics, Genomics, Breeding, and Biotechnology (G2B2)".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 5717

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tuanhui Bai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Interests: apple; abiotic stress; genetic improvement; transcriptional regulation; genomics
Dr. Bowen Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
Interests: apple; abiotic stress tolerance; nutrient use efficiency; melatonin; dopamine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fruit is the main source of minerals and vitamins essential for the human body. The fruit tree industry is therefore an important driving force for the development of the agricultural economy. Germplasm resources and important functional genes are the basis of fruit breeding and germplasm innovation. The research and utilization of fruit germplasm resources is of great significance to promote the development of the fruit industry. In recent decades, germplasm resources and genetic improvement have greatly benefited from the knowledge of tree genomics and genetics, as well as the development of modern biotechnologies. This Special Issue, entitled “Research on Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement of Tree Fruit”, will highlight recent progress in the research and utilization of fruit germplasm resources.

The main focus of this Special Issue is:

(1) the identification, evaluation, and characterization of tree fruit germplasm;
(2) the identification and breeding utilization of favorable genes which have not been fully explored;
(3) genetic mapping, fine mapping, and genome wide association analysis of loci/genes for important traits of tree fruit;
(4) the development and breeding utilization of molecular markers tightly linked to important traits of tree fruit.

Prof. Dr. Tuanhui Bai
Dr. Bowen Liang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tree fruit
  • germplasm resources
  • genetic improvement
  • genomics
  • molecular markers
  • molecular breeding

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2294 KiB  
Article
Morphological Characterization of P. serotina subsp. capuli Collected in Ecuador
by Sakshi Pathania, Rachel A. Itle, Carlos R. Chávez, Luis F. Lema, Verónica L. Caballero, Juan C. Carrasco and Dario J. Chavez
Horticulturae 2024, 10(12), 1324; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10121324 - 11 Dec 2024
Viewed by 683
Abstract
Prunus serotina (black cherry) is native to America and has five subspecies: serotina, eximia, hirsuta, virens, and capuli. P. serotina subsp. capuli is found in Central and South America with superior fruits found in Ecuador. These have large, [...] Read more.
Prunus serotina (black cherry) is native to America and has five subspecies: serotina, eximia, hirsuta, virens, and capuli. P. serotina subsp. capuli is found in Central and South America with superior fruits found in Ecuador. These have large, juicy, and tasty fruits used for human consumption. They are available in produce markets and have important nutraceutical properties. However, no commercial cultivars of capuli are currently available. The main goal of this research was to understand if different morphological characters can differentiate unique populations of P. serotina subsp. capuli present in Ecuador. Morphological traits (tree, leaf, and flower) of plants grown from the OP seeds of 44 capuli accessions collected from three provinces of Ecuador (Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, and Tungurahua) were characterized in 2019 and 2020. Tree measurements included the number of primary branches and growth habit. Leaf measurements included petiole length, leaf area, leaf height, leaf width, leaf apex angle, and leaf basal angle. Flower measurements included pedicel length, flower width, and flower length. Raceme length, number of racemes per branch, and number of flowers per raceme were also characterized. ANOVA were performed with significant differences observed among capuli accessions for all variables measured. No clear differences were observed across regions with PCA and cluster analysis that may support the presence of different populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement of Tree Fruit)
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15 pages, 2664 KiB  
Article
Analysis on Unveiling the Natural Dynamics of Parthenocarpy and Self-Compatibility in Apple Trees
by Rongmei Wu, Xiaoying Chen, Bin Xia, Yujia Yang, Claire Molloy, Ruiling Wang, Hilary S. Ireland, Robert J. Schaffer, Satish Kumar and Jia-Long Yao
Horticulturae 2024, 10(12), 1261; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10121261 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1398
Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica) is self-incompatible and typically requires cross-pollination for seed and fruit development. Parthenocarpy (fruit development without fertilization) and self-compatibility (fruit set without external pollen) are highly desirable traits in apple breeding, as they ensure consistent fruit production and quality [...] Read more.
Apple (Malus domestica) is self-incompatible and typically requires cross-pollination for seed and fruit development. Parthenocarpy (fruit development without fertilization) and self-compatibility (fruit set without external pollen) are highly desirable traits in apple breeding, as they ensure consistent fruit production and quality without cross-pollination. However, apple parthenocarpic and self-compatible accessions have not been available for practical breeding. To identify these accessions, we analysed 436 accessions of Malus domestica and 84 accessions of wild Malus species by assessing fruit production. Flowers were bagged before opening to prevent cross-pollination. If fruit developed from the bagged flowers, it indicated the presence of self-compatibility or parthenocarpy, depending on whether the fruit contained seeds. We observed and scored a range of phenotypic expressions among accessions, from weak to strong in both parthenocarpy and potential self-compatibility. Strong parthenocarpy was observed in 5.95% of wild Malus species accessions and 3.44% of M. domestica accessions. Similarly, strong self-compatibility was exhibited in 5.95% of wild Malus species accessions and 2.75% of M. domestica accessions. Although bagged flowers showed lower fruit set rates than open-pollinated (OP) flowers, fruit size, weight, firmness, and soluble sugar and starch content showed no significant differences between fruits produced from bagged and OP flowers. Furthermore, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted with a high-throughput SNP array. This analysis identified several genes potentially associated with these traits. This research provides parthenocarpic and self-compatible apple accessions for breeding, which can generate novel cultivars that eliminate the need for cross-pollination or produce seedless fruit without pollination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement of Tree Fruit)
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18 pages, 2767 KiB  
Article
Genetic Characterization of the Norwegian Apple Collection
by Liv Gilpin, Dag Røen, Marian Schubert, Jahn Davik, Kimmo Rumpunen, Kristina Alme Gardli, Stein Harald Hjeltnes and Muath Alsheikh
Horticulturae 2023, 9(5), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9050575 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2715
Abstract
Commercial fruit production in Norway is located at around latitude 60° north, demanding a careful choice of adapted cultivars. The most comprehensive collection of apple genetic resources in Norway is being kept in the Norwegian Apple Collection (NAC) at the Njøs Fruit and [...] Read more.
Commercial fruit production in Norway is located at around latitude 60° north, demanding a careful choice of adapted cultivars. The most comprehensive collection of apple genetic resources in Norway is being kept in the Norwegian Apple Collection (NAC) at the Njøs Fruit and Berry Centre (NJØS). The collection contains around 350 accessions and was recently genotyped with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Curated SNP data were used for the assessment of structure and diversity, pedigree confirmation, and core collection development. In the following SNP analysis, we identified several duplicates and parent-child relationships. Across the geographic regions represented, the collection was equally diverse. Different methods for analyzing population structure were applied. K-means clustering and a Bayesian modeling approach with prior assumptions of the data revealed five subpopulations associated with geographic breeding centers. The collection has a distinct genetic structure and low relatedness among the accessions; hence, two core collections with 100 accessions in each were created. These new core collections will allow breeders and researchers to use the NAC efficiently. The results from this study suggest that several of the accessions in the Norwegian Apple Collection could be of high importance for breeding purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement of Tree Fruit)
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