Quality Gene Mining and Breeding of Wheat

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 391

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
Interests: wheat; disease resistance, gene mapping and cloning, molecular breeding

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Guest Editor
School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
Interests: wheat disease; molecular breeding; gene cloning
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Guest Editor
Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen (AGIS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shenzhen 518000, China
Interests: grain yield; gene cloning; quantitative genetics; design breeding; wheat

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wheat holds significant global importance as a staple food crop due to its widespread cultivation and economic significance. Therefore, losses in the yield and quality of wheat will severely affect our subsistence and life. Many traits relating to wheat production, such as disease resistance and its high quality, are mainly controlled by quality trait genes. Common wheat is a hexaploidy crop (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) with many wheat varieties, landraces and wild relatives. These germplasm carry plentiful excellent-quality genes for the genetic enhancement of wheat. Recent advances in wheat genomic sequencing and molecular genetics technologies have enabled us to mine and clone these quality genes for molecular breeding more efficiently. With the emergence of various powerful phenotype and genotype techniques, our ability to mine and clone quality trait genes has substantially increased. However, the precise mapping and accurate isolation of new genes from both wheat and its wild relatives remain relatively difficult. This Special Issue aims to present the latest developments in and applications of wheat phenotyping, genome sequencing, gene mapping, map-based cloning and molecular breeding techniques in the mining of quality genes in common wheat and its wild relatives.

Prof. Dr. Hongxing Xu
Prof. Dr. Pengtao Ma
Prof. Dr. Yunfeng Xu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wheat
  • wild relatives
  • quality gene
  • gene mining
  • gene cloning
  • molecular breeding

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1233 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Virulence and Molecular Diversity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Isolates Collected in 2016 and 2023 in the Western Region of China
by Tesfay Gebrekirstos Gebremariam, Fengtao Wang, Ruiming Lin and Hongjie Li
Genes 2024, 15(5), 542; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15050542 - 25 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is adept at overcoming resistance in wheat cultivars, through variations in virulence in the western provinces of China. To apply disease management strategies, it is essential to understand the temporal and spatial dynamics of Pst [...] Read more.
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is adept at overcoming resistance in wheat cultivars, through variations in virulence in the western provinces of China. To apply disease management strategies, it is essential to understand the temporal and spatial dynamics of Pst populations. This study aimed to evaluate the virulence and molecular diversity of 84 old Pst isolates, in comparison to 59 newer ones. By using 19 Chinese wheat differentials, we identified 98 pathotypes, showing virulence complexity ranging from 0 to 16. Associations between 23 Yr gene pairs showed linkage disequilibrium and have the potential for gene pyramiding. The new Pst isolates had a higher number of polymorphic alleles (1.97), while the older isolates had a slightly higher number of effective alleles, Shannon’s information, and diversity. The Gansu Pst population had the highest diversity (uh = 0.35), while the Guizhou population was the least diverse. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 94% of the observed variation occurred within Pst populations across the four provinces, while 6% was attributed to differences among populations. Overall, Pst populations displayed a higher pathotypic diversity of H > 2.5 and a genotypic diversity of 96%. This underscores the need to develop gene-pyramided cultivars to enhance the durability of resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quality Gene Mining and Breeding of Wheat)
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