Genetics Studies of Bone Disease

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Genomics and Genetic Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2022) | Viewed by 3999

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, 8-39 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
Interests: growth and maintenance of the skeletal system; inherited disorders affecting bones and joints; osteofibrous dysplasia, primordial dwarfism; genomics of scoliosis; genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There are thousands of Mendelian disorders, and over 500 of these affect bones. Bone diseases represent a common source of morbidity and mortality in our communities, and genetic factors play an important role in their pathogenesis. One of the more common forms of bone disease is osteoporosis, which is characterized by reduced bone mineral density and an increased risk of fracture. Several single-gene disorders are known to cause osteoporosis; however, the genetic basis for this multifactorial condition is largely unknown. Other rare bone diseases include osteopetrosis, multiple exostosis and ultra-rare skeletal dysplasias.  Determining the underlying mechanisms of these rare conditions is crucial not only for the development of targeted therapies but also for a more comprehensive understanding about the genetic processes taking place in our body that direct development and tissue regeneration. From a clinical standpoint, advances in our understanding about the genetic basis of bone disease will enable the development of new biomarkers to assess fracture risk and help in identifing novel therapeutic targets that could have potential for future treatments.

This Special Issue invites papers focusing on genetic disorders of the bone and extracellular matrix in a broad sense. It aims to highlight bone as an essential tissue and to provide new and detailed findings on its role in health and disease.

Dr. Peter Kannu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • bone diseases
  • osteopetrosis
  • multiple exostosis
  • various ultra-rare skeletal dysplasias

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1788 KiB  
Article
Exome Sequencing Identifies a Biallelic GALNS Variant (p.Asp233Asn) Causing Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IVA in a Pakistani Consanguineous Family
by Saima Ghafoor, Karina da Costa Silveira, Raheel Qamar, Maleeha Azam and Peter Kannu
Genes 2022, 13(10), 1743; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13101743 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1874
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) type IVA is a lysosomal storage disease that mainly affects the skeletal system and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS). The condition can mistakenly be diagnosed as a primary skeletal dysplasia such as spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia, which shares [...] Read more.
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) type IVA is a lysosomal storage disease that mainly affects the skeletal system and is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS). The condition can mistakenly be diagnosed as a primary skeletal dysplasia such as spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia, which shares many similar phenotypic features. Here, we utilised whole exome sequencing to make the diagnosis of MPS IVA in a resource poor country. We report for the first time the identification of a biallelic GALNS missense variant (c.697G>A, p.Asp233Asn) in the Pakistani population and highlight the potential contribution that academic institutions can make in rare disease diagnosis in the absence of a developed clinical genetic service. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics Studies of Bone Disease)
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Review

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11 pages, 1517 KiB  
Review
The Roles of SNHG Family in Osteoblast Differentiation
by An-Qi Tan and Yun-Fei Zheng
Genes 2022, 13(12), 2268; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13122268 - 02 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1713
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs), members of long-chain noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have received increasing attention regarding their roles in multiple bone diseases. Studies have revealed that SNHGs display unique expression profile during osteoblast differentiation and that they could act as [...] Read more.
Small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs), members of long-chain noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have received increasing attention regarding their roles in multiple bone diseases. Studies have revealed that SNHGs display unique expression profile during osteoblast differentiation and that they could act as promising biomarkers of certain bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. Osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an important part of bone repair and reconstruction. Moreover, studies confirmed that the SNHG family participate in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in part by regulating important pathways of osteogenesis, such as Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Based on these observations, clarifying the SNHG family’s roles in osteogenesis (especially in MSCs) and their related mechanisms would provide novel ideas for possible applications of lncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of bone diseases. After searching, screening, browsing and intensive reading, we uncovered more than 30 papers related to the SNHG family and osteoblast differentiation that were published in recent years. Here, our review aims to summarize these findings in order to provide a theoretical basis for further research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics Studies of Bone Disease)
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