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Genes
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Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Utilization
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Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Utilization

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2024) | Viewed by 3671

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Hongwei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
Interests: plant genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Background and history of this topic: Plant genetic resources are essential for global food security and agricultural sustainability, encompassing crucial genetic diversity for agricultural advancement and ecological protection.

Aim and scope of the Special Issue: This Special Issue, entitled "Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Utilization," focuses on exploring the genetic diversity of plants, their conservation, and practical applications, covering aspects of plant genetics and ecology.

Cutting-edge research: This Special Issue presents research on plant population genetics, biogeography, and molecular ecology to understand genetic structures and ecological adaptability. It emphasizes innovative conservation strategies and genetic identification for genetic trait enhancements and biochemical compound analyses in plants.

What kind of papers we are soliciting: We are seeking papers that include comprehensive reviews and methodological advancements in managing and utilizing plant genetic resources, with a focus on practical applications in crop improvement and conservation strategies.

Prof. Dr. Hongwei Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant genetic resources
  • genetic diversity
  • conservation
  • molecular ecology
  • population genetics
  • adaptation evolution

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2450 KiB  
Article
Intraspecific Chloroplast Genome Genetic Polymorphism of Pinellia ternata (Xi Junecry) and Its Revelation of a Single Origin in Phylogeny
by Wenlong Xing, Weihan Yu, Yuanyuan Kong, Xian Ren, Liuying Zhu, Qingyang Li, Yujie Yang, Yueqin Cheng and Hongwei Wang
Genes 2024, 15(12), 1638; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15121638 - 20 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 642
Abstract
Background: Xi Junecry (Pinellia ternata), a perennial herb of the Araceae family, is indigenous to Xinxian County, Henan Province, China, and is regarded as a premium variety among similar medicinal materials. However, the lack of comprehensive genetic information on Xi [...] Read more.
Background: Xi Junecry (Pinellia ternata), a perennial herb of the Araceae family, is indigenous to Xinxian County, Henan Province, China, and is regarded as a premium variety among similar medicinal materials. However, the lack of comprehensive genetic information on Xi Junecry germplasm resources has constrained the cultivation and identification of high-quality varieties. Methods: In this study, six chloroplast genomes of Xi Junecry were assembled and annotated using high-throughput sequencing. Subsequently, comparative analyses were conducted, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results: The six Xi Junecry chloroplast genome lengths ranged from 157,456 to 158,406 bp, and the GC content was between 36.0% and 36.2%. A total of 265 single nucleotide polymorphism sites were identified across the six genomes, with a whole-genome nucleotide diversity (Pi) value of 0.00084. Among the four genomic regions, the small single-copy region exhibited the highest Pi, followed by the large single-copy region, while the inverted repeat region showed the lowest. Nucleotide polymorphism in coding regions was significantly lower than in non-coding regions. Nine hypervariable regions were identified, as follows: ndhE-ndhG, trnN-GUU-ndhF, trnS-GCU-trnG-UCC, atpB-rbcL, psaI, accD-ycf4, psbE-petL, psaC-ndhE, and psbI-trnG-UCC. Positive selection sites were detected in the accD and rbcL genes. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the six Xi Junecry samples into a distinct clade, separating them from other regional Pinellia samples. Conclusions: These findings elucidate the genetic variation levels in Xi Junecry and provide high-variability loci for population history inference, genetic diversity assessment, species domestication studies, and new cultivar development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Utilization)
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16 pages, 3842 KiB  
Article
Genetic Diversity and Subspecific Races of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
by Asiya K. Safiullina, Dilrabo K. Ernazarova, Ozod S. Turaev, Feruza U. Rafieva, Ziraatkhan A. Ernazarova, Sevara K. Arslanova, Abdulqahhor Kh. Toshpulatov, Barno B. Oripova, Mukhlisa K. Kudratova, Kuvandik K. Khalikov, Abdulloh A. Iskandarov, Mukhammad T. Khidirov, John Z. Yu and Fakhriddin N. Kushanov
Genes 2024, 15(12), 1533; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15121533 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1109
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The classification and phylogenetic relationships of Gossypium hirsutum L. landraces, despite their proximity to southern Mexico, remain unresolved. This study aimed to clarify these relationships using SSR markers and hybridization methods, focusing on subspecies and race differentiation within G. hirsutum L. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The classification and phylogenetic relationships of Gossypium hirsutum L. landraces, despite their proximity to southern Mexico, remain unresolved. This study aimed to clarify these relationships using SSR markers and hybridization methods, focusing on subspecies and race differentiation within G. hirsutum L. Methods: Seventy polymorphic SSR markers (out of 177 tested) were used to analyze 141 alleles and calculate genetic distances among accessions. Phylogenetic relationships were determined using MEGA software (version 11.0.13) and visualized in a phylogenetic tree. ANOVA in NCSS 12 was used for statistical analysis. Over 1000 inter-race crosses were conducted to assess boll-setting rates. Results: Distinct phylogenetic patterns were identified between G. hirsutum subspecies and races, correlating with boll-setting rates. Latifolium, richmondii, and morilli showed no significant increase in boll-setting rates in reciprocal crosses. Cultivars Omad and Bakht, as paternal parents, yielded higher boll-setting rates. Religiosum and yucatanense displayed high boll- and seed-setting rates as maternal parents but low rates as paternal parents. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between cultivars ‘Omad’ and ‘Bakht’ with G. hirsutum race richmondii, indicating their close evolutionary relationship. Conclusions: Reciprocal differentiation characteristics of G. hirsutum subspecies and races, particularly religiosum and yucatanense, should be considered during hybridization for genetic and breeding studies. Understanding the phylogenetic relationships among G. hirsutum taxa is crucial for exploring the genetic diversity of this economically important species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Utilization)
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24 pages, 1307 KiB  
Article
SeqSNP-Based Targeted GBS Provides Insight into the Genetic Relationships among Global Collections of Brassica rapa ssp. oleifera (Turnip Rape)
by Mulatu Geleta, Jagadeesh Sundaramoorthy and Anders S. Carlsson
Genes 2024, 15(9), 1187; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15091187 - 10 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1453
Abstract
Turnip rape is a multi-purpose crop cultivated in temperate regions. Due to its ability to fit into crop rotation systems and its role as a food and feed source, spring-type turnip rape cultivation is on the rise. To improve the crop’s productivity and [...] Read more.
Turnip rape is a multi-purpose crop cultivated in temperate regions. Due to its ability to fit into crop rotation systems and its role as a food and feed source, spring-type turnip rape cultivation is on the rise. To improve the crop’s productivity and nutritional value, it is essential to understand its genetic diversity. In this study, 188 spring-type accessions were genotyped using SeqSNP, a targeted genotyping-by-sequencing method to determine genetic relationships between various groups and assess the potential effects of mutations within genes regulating major desirable traits. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles at six loci were predicted to have high effects on their corresponding genes’ functions, whereas nine loci had country/region-specific alleles. A neighbor-joining cluster analysis revealed three major clusters (I to III). About 72% of cluster-I accessions were of Asian origin, whereas 88.5% of European accessions and all North American accessions were placed in cluster-II or cluster-III. A principal coordinate analysis explained 65.3% of the total genetic variation. An analysis of molecular variance revealed significant differentiation among different groups of accessions. Compared to Asian cultivars, European and North American cultivars share more genetic similarities. Hence, crossbreeding Asian and European cultivars may result in improved cultivars due to desirable allele recombination. Compared to landraces and wild populations, the cultivars had more genetic variation, indicating that breeding had not caused genetic erosion. There were no significant differences between Swedish turnip rape cultivars and the NordGen collection. Hence, crossbreeding with genetically distinct cultivars could enhance the gene pool’s genetic diversity and facilitate superior cultivar development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Genetic Resources: Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Utilization)
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