Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.9
3.2
Journals
Galaxies
Special Issues
Cosmology with Fluid Components
share announcement

Cosmology with Fluid Components

A special issue of Galaxies (ISSN 2075-4434).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2013) | Viewed by 62349

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Iver H. Brevik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
Interests: electrodynamics in continuous media; Casimir effect; cosmology; fluid dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent investigations in general relativity and cosmology have shown the usefulness of taking into account realistic properties of the cosmic fluid, such as viscosity (shear and bulk), turbulence, multicomponent properties, etc. The objective of the present volume is to focus on these kind of properties, from different viewpoints, therewith adding to the physical understanding of the cosmic fluid. We would like like to call for papers disseminating and sharing recent findings on a diversity of topics, including but not restricted to:

  • viscous cosmology
  • turbulence
  • the role of viscosity in regard to the phantom/quintessence epochs
  • multicomponent fluids
  • future singularities
  • entropy issues
  • the role of the Casimir effect in cosmology
  • modified gravity
  • electromagnetic effects in the cosmic fluid

Also, review papers are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Iver Brevik
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Galaxies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.


Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (9 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

158 KiB  
Article
A Toy Cosmology Using a Hubble-Scale Casimir Effect
by Michael E. McCulloch
Galaxies 2014, 2(1), 81-88; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies2010081 - 19 Feb 2014
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 11831
Abstract
The visible mass of the observable universe agrees with that needed for a flat cosmos, and the reason for this is not known. It is shown that this can be explained by modelling the Hubble volume as a black hole that emits Hawking [...] Read more.
The visible mass of the observable universe agrees with that needed for a flat cosmos, and the reason for this is not known. It is shown that this can be explained by modelling the Hubble volume as a black hole that emits Hawking radiation inwards, disallowing wavelengths that do not fit exactly into the Hubble diameter, since partial waves would allow an inference of what lies outside the horizon. This model of “horizon wave censorship” is equivalent to a Hubble-scale Casimir effect. This incomplete toy model is presented to stimulate discussion. It predicts a minimum mass and acceleration for the observable universe which are in agreement with the observed mass and acceleration, and predicts that the observable universe gains mass as it expands and was hotter in the past. It also predicts a suppression of variation on the largest cosmic scales that agrees with the low-l cosmic microwave background anomaly seen by the Planck satellite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
595 KiB  
Article
Cosmographic Constraints and Cosmic Fluids
by Salvatore Capozziello, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Orlando Luongo and Alan Cosimo Ruggeri
Galaxies 2013, 1(3), 216-260; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies1030216 - 4 Dec 2013
Cited by 98 | Viewed by 7559
Abstract
The problem of reproducing dark energy effects is reviewed here with particular interest devoted to cosmography. We summarize some of the most relevant cosmological models, based on the assumption that the corresponding barotropic equations of state evolve as the universe expands, giving rise [...] Read more.
The problem of reproducing dark energy effects is reviewed here with particular interest devoted to cosmography. We summarize some of the most relevant cosmological models, based on the assumption that the corresponding barotropic equations of state evolve as the universe expands, giving rise to the accelerated expansion. We describe in detail the ΛCDM (Λ-Cold Dark Matter) and ωCDM models, considering also some specific examples, e.g., Chevallier–Polarsky–Linder, the Chaplygin gas and the Dvali–Gabadadze–Porrati cosmological model. Finally, we consider the cosmological consequences of f(R) and f(T) gravities and their impact on the framework of cosmography. Keeping these considerations in mind, we point out the model-independent procedure related to cosmography, showing how to match the series of cosmological observables to the free parameters of each model. We critically discuss the role played by cosmography, as a selection criterion to check whether a particular model passes or does not present cosmological constraints. In so doing, we find out cosmological bounds by fitting the luminosity distance expansion of the redshift, z, adopting the recent Union 2.1 dataset of supernovae, combined with the baryonic acoustic oscillation and the cosmic microwave background measurements. We perform cosmographic analyses, imposing different priors on the Hubble rate present value. In addition, we compare our results with recent PLANCK limits, showing that the ΛCDM and ωCDM models seem to be the favorite with respect to other dark energy models. However, we show that cosmographic constraints on f(R) and f(T) cannot discriminate between extensions of General Relativity and dark energy models, leading to a disadvantageous degeneracy problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

194 KiB  
Article
Conformally Coupled Inflation
by Valerio Faraoni
Galaxies 2013, 1(2), 96-106; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies1020096 - 30 Jul 2013
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4482
Abstract
A massive scalar field in a curved spacetime can propagate along the light cone, a causal pathology, which can, in principle, be eliminated only if the scalar couples conformally to the Ricci curvature of spacetime. This property mandates conformal coupling for the field [...] Read more.
A massive scalar field in a curved spacetime can propagate along the light cone, a causal pathology, which can, in principle, be eliminated only if the scalar couples conformally to the Ricci curvature of spacetime. This property mandates conformal coupling for the field driving inflation in the early universe. During slow-roll inflation, this coupling can cause super-acceleration and, as a signature, a blue spectrum of primordial gravitational waves. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
253 KiB  
Article
Inhomogeneous Viscous Fluids in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) Universe
by Ratbay Myrzakulov, Lorenzo Sebastiani and Sergio Zerbini
Galaxies 2013, 1(2), 83-95; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies1020083 - 9 Jul 2013
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4765
Abstract
We give a brief review of some aspects of inhomogeneous viscous fluids in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe. In general, it is pointed out that several fluid models may bring the future Universe evolution to become singular, with the appearance of the so-called Big [...] Read more.
We give a brief review of some aspects of inhomogeneous viscous fluids in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe. In general, it is pointed out that several fluid models may bring the future Universe evolution to become singular, with the appearance of the so-called Big Rip scenario. We investigate the effects of fluids coupled with dark matter in a de Sitter Universe, by considering several cases. Due to this coupling, the coincidence problem may be solved, and if the de Sitter solution is stable, the model is also protected against the Big Rip singularity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
335 KiB  
Article
Cosmological Observations in a Modified Theory of Gravity (MOG)
by John. W. Moffat and Viktor T. Toth
Galaxies 2013, 1(1), 65-82; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies1010065 - 20 Jun 2013
Cited by 47 | Viewed by 8267
Abstract
Our Modified Gravity Theory (MOG) is a gravitational theory without exotic dark matter, based on an action principle. MOG has been used successfully tomodel astrophysical phenomena, such as galaxy rotation curves, galaxy cluster masses and lensing. MOG may also be able to account [...] Read more.
Our Modified Gravity Theory (MOG) is a gravitational theory without exotic dark matter, based on an action principle. MOG has been used successfully tomodel astrophysical phenomena, such as galaxy rotation curves, galaxy cluster masses and lensing. MOG may also be able to account for cosmological observations. We assume that the MOG point source solution can be used to describe extended distributions of matter via an appropriately modified Poisson equation. We use this result to model perturbation growth in MOG and find that it agrees well with the observed matter power spectrum at present. As the resolution of the power spectrum improves with increasing survey size, however, significant differences emerge between the predictions of MOG and the standard Λ-cold dark matter (Λ-CDM) model, as in the absence of exotic darkmatter, oscillations of the power spectrum in MOG are not suppressed. We can also use MOG to model the acoustic power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background. A suitably adapted semi-analytical model offers a first indication that MOG may pass this test and correctly model the peak of the acoustic spectrum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

520 KiB  
Article
Halo Models of Large Scale Structure and Reliability of Cosmological N-Body Simulations
by José Gaite
Galaxies 2013, 1(1), 31-43; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies1010031 - 29 May 2013
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6542
Abstract
Halo models of the large scale structure of the Universe are critically examined, focusing on the definition of halos as smooth distributions of cold dark matter. This definition is essentially based on the results of cosmological N-body simulations. By a careful analysis of [...] Read more.
Halo models of the large scale structure of the Universe are critically examined, focusing on the definition of halos as smooth distributions of cold dark matter. This definition is essentially based on the results of cosmological N-body simulations. By a careful analysis of the standard assumptions of halo models and N-body simulations and by taking into account previous studies of self-similarity of the cosmic web structure, we conclude that N-body cosmological simulations are not fully reliable in the range of scales where halos appear. Therefore, to have a consistent definition of halos is necessary either to define them as entities of arbitrary size with a grainy rather than smooth structure or to define their size in terms of small-scale baryonic physics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

446 KiB  
Article
Exact Expressions for the Pericenter Precession Caused by Some Dark Matter Distributions and Constraints on Them from Orbital Motions in the Solar System, in the Double Pulsar and in the Galactic Center
by Lorenzo Iorio
Galaxies 2013, 1(1), 6-30; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies1010006 - 28 May 2013
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 5458
Abstract
We analytically calculate the secular precession of the pericenter of a test particle orbiting a central body surrounded by a continuous distribution of Dark Matter (DM) by using some commonly adopted spherically symmetric density profiles for it. We obtain exact expressions without resorting [...] Read more.
We analytically calculate the secular precession of the pericenter of a test particle orbiting a central body surrounded by a continuous distribution of Dark Matter (DM) by using some commonly adopted spherically symmetric density profiles for it. We obtain exact expressions without resorting to a-priori simplifying assumptions on the orbital geometry of the test particle. Our formulas allow us to put constraints on the parameters of the DM distributions considered in several local astronomical and astrophysical scenarios, such as the Sun's planetary system, the double pulsar, and the stellar system around the supermassive black hole in Sgr A∗, all characterized by a wide variety of orbital configuratio ns. As far as our Solar System is concerned, latest determinations of the supplementary perihelion precessions ̟˙ with the EPM2011 ephemerides and the common power-law DM density profile ρDM(r) = ρ0r−γ λγ yield 5 × 103 GeV cm−3 (γ = 0) ≤ ρ0 ≤ 8 × 103 GeV cm−3 (γ = 4), corresponding to 8.9 × 10−21 g cm−3 ≤ ρ0 ≤ 1.4 × 10−20 g cm−3, at the Saturn's distance. From the periastron of the pulsar PSR J0737-3039A and the same power-low DM density, one has 1.7 × 1016 GeV cm−3 (γ = 0) ≤ ρ0 ≤ 2 × 1016 (γ = 4) GeV cm−3, corresponding to 3.0 × 10−8 g cm−3 ≤ ρ0 ≤ 3.6 × 10−8 g cm−3. The perinigricon of the S0-2 star in Sgr A∗ and the power-law DM model give 1.2 × 1013 GeV cm−3 (γ = 0) ≤ ρ0 ≤ 1 × 1016 (γ = 4, λ = rmin) GeV cm−3, corresponding to 2.1 × 10−11 g cm−3 ≤ ρ0 ≤ 1.8 × 10−8 g cm−3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

1274 KiB  
Review
Large Scale Cosmological Anomalies and Inhomogeneous Dark Energy
by Leandros Perivolaropoulos
Galaxies 2014, 2(1), 22-61; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies2010022 - 17 Jan 2014
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 7960
Abstract
A wide range of large scale observations hint towards possible modifications on the standard cosmological model which is based on a homogeneous and isotropic universe with a small cosmological constant and matter. These observations, also known as “cosmic anomalies” include unexpected Cosmic Microwave [...] Read more.
A wide range of large scale observations hint towards possible modifications on the standard cosmological model which is based on a homogeneous and isotropic universe with a small cosmological constant and matter. These observations, also known as “cosmic anomalies” include unexpected Cosmic Microwave Background perturbations on large angular scales, large dipolar peculiar velocity flows of galaxies (“bulk flows”), the measurement of inhomogenous values of the fine structure constant on cosmological scales (“alpha dipole”) and other effects. The presence of the observational anomalies could either be a large statistical fluctuation in the context of ΛCDM or it could indicate a non-trivial departure from the cosmological principle on Hubble scales. Such a departure is very much constrained by cosmological observations for matter. For dark energy however there are no significant observational constraints for Hubble scale inhomogeneities. In this brief review I discuss some of the theoretical models that can naturally lead to inhomogeneous dark energy, their observational constraints and their potential to explain the large scale cosmic anomalies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

206 KiB  
Review
Rip Cosmology via Inhomogeneous Fluid
by Valerii V. Obukhov, Alexander V. Timoshkin and Evgenii V. Savushkin
Galaxies 2013, 1(2), 107-113; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies1020107 - 15 Aug 2013
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4739
Abstract
The conditions for the appearance of the Little Rip, Pseudo Rip and Quasi Rip universes in the terms of the parameters in the equation of state of some dark fluid are investigated. Several examples of the Rip cosmologies are investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cosmology with Fluid Components)
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-9
Back to TopTop