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The Winemaking Processes Applied to the Industrial Level of Wines

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Drinks and Liquid Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2026) | Viewed by 1887

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Interests: processing of fruits and vegetables
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor

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Guest Editor
College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Interests: quality analysis and comprehensive evaluation of grape/wine/fruit wine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a processed beverage representative of the field of food fermentation, wine is popular worldwide and has a long history. The development of wine making technology is driving the improvement in wine quality, the upgrading of the wine industry, and the expansion of the wine market. This Special Issue aims to review the development history of wine-making techniques, explore the application of emerging scientific technologies in wine making, and examine the related impacts on wine quality control. The themes of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Analysis of the influence of different fermentation processes on wine quality;
  2. The application of cross-disciplinary emerging technologies in the wine brewing process;
  3. Evaluation of the impact of quality control of wine grapes on wine making and wine quality;
  4. Exploration of wine flavor characteristics and exploration of formation mechanisms;
  5. The birth, evolution, and development of winemaking techniques around the world, as well as their impact on the current wine industry;
  6. Differences between other fruit wines and winemaking techniques, as well as innovations in winemaking techniques;
  7. Analysis of the influence of different grape varieties and yeast varieties on the formation of wine quality and style;
  8. Optimization of brewing techniques for different types of wine and prospects for future new types of wine.

Dr. Tingting Ma
Prof. Dr. Xiangyu Sun
Dr. Qian Ge
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wine quality
  • wine style
  • fermentation processes
  • flavor characteristics
  • winemaking techniques
  • wine grapes
  • fruit wine
  • grape varieties
  • yeast varieties

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 1497 KB  
Article
Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins with Different Polymerization Degrees on the Phenolic Compounds and Sensory Quality of Cabernet Sauvignon Wine During Bottle Aging
by Yilan Zhang, Qiuyu Zhang, Junyi Liu, Yunxuan Nan, Xiaoyu Cheng, Yulin Fang, Xiangyu Sun and Junjun Li
Foods 2026, 15(9), 1512; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15091512 - 27 Apr 2026
Viewed by 381
Abstract
Wine phenolic composition is strongly influenced by tannin structure, yet how the polymerization degree of exogenous proanthocyanidins modulates wine quality during aging remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of adding grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) with different mean degrees of polymerization (mDP 4.63, [...] Read more.
Wine phenolic composition is strongly influenced by tannin structure, yet how the polymerization degree of exogenous proanthocyanidins modulates wine quality during aging remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of adding grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) with different mean degrees of polymerization (mDP 4.63, 3.29, and 1.31) to Cabernet Sauvignon wine by analyzing phenolic compounds, tannin structure, anthocyanin components, CIELAB color parameters, and astringency over 6 months of bottle aging. Low-mDP GSP (rich in galloylated monomers) provided the biggest initial phenolic boost, while high-mDP GSP (dominated by non-galloylated units) sustained tannin enrichment throughout aging. Low-mDP GSP accelerated tannin maturation and color evolution toward aged wine characteristics, with Mv-3-Coglu identified as a key precursor for brick-red hue development. Sensory evaluation revealed that high-mDP GSP enhanced coarse and drying astringency, whereas low-mDP GSP promoted velvety mouthfeel. These findings establish that GSP polymerization degree critically determines phenolic evolution, color stability, and mouthfeel during bottle aging, providing a scientific basis for selecting structure-specific proanthocyanidins to achieve targeted wine quality outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Winemaking Processes Applied to the Industrial Level of Wines)
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21 pages, 735 KB  
Article
Exploring the Impact of Pitch-Coated Pottery on Wine Composition: Metabolomics Characterization of an Ancient Technique
by Clara Abarca-Rivas, Julián Lozano-Castellón, Maria Pérez, Marina Corrado, Anna Vallverdú-Queralt, Andrea Zifferero, Riccardo Chessa, Paul Reynolds, Alessandra Pecci and Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
Foods 2025, 14(22), 3857; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14223857 - 11 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1127
Abstract
In recent years, wine producers have increasingly experimented with ancient fermentation and ageing techniques, such as the use of ceramic containers or pitch-coated amphorae. Despite growing interest in these traditional practices, few studies have investigated the chemical composition of the resulting wines. This [...] Read more.
In recent years, wine producers have increasingly experimented with ancient fermentation and ageing techniques, such as the use of ceramic containers or pitch-coated amphorae. Despite growing interest in these traditional practices, few studies have investigated the chemical composition of the resulting wines. This is the first study that characterises pine pitch, historically used as a coating material, and evaluates the impact of pitched pottery vessels on the winemaking process and wine composition using a foodomics approach. Vinification was carried out in both pitch-coated and uncoated (control) clay containers. Chemical differences between must and wine produced in pitched and unpitched vessels were assessed using targeted and untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Compared to the control, must and wine from the pitch-coated vessels had higher concentrations of many polyphenols such as anthocyanins, coumaric acid and tartaric acid, while procyanidins were present in significantly lower amounts. These findings reveal that pitch-coated ceramic vessels significantly influence wine composition, offering a first step toward deeper investigations into how fermentation environments shape metabolite profiles. This knowledge not only enhances our understanding of traditional practices but also opens new avenues for innovation in contemporary oenology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Winemaking Processes Applied to the Industrial Level of Wines)
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