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Fluids
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Turbulence and Combustion
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Turbulence and Combustion

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521). This special issue belongs to the section "Turbulence".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 3762

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Nilanjan Chakraborty

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; turbulent flows; turbulent combustion; heat transfer; non-newtonian fluids; multiphase flows
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Umair Ahmed

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Claremont Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
Interests: turbulence; combustion; non-newtonian fluids; heat transfer; computational fluid dynamics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The analysis and modelling of turbulent and reacting flows are important and intractable challenges that cross disciplinary boundaries. Due to the increase in industrial needs for accuracy, and as applications expand beyond flows where extensive data are available, the necessity for better simulation and experimental techniques is becoming increasingly important. The problems related to understanding turbulent flows are exacerbated by the introduction of heat release in turbulent reacting flows, consequently making the already intractable problem of turbulence more complex, as the underlying turbulence is significantly affected by the steep density gradients caused by the exothermic chemical reactions. This Special Issue is directed at the crossroads of rigorous experimental and numerical analysis for understanding flows involving turbulence and combustion, the physics of turbulence and combustion and the improvements in experimental and simulations techniques used in understanding turbulence and combustion.

Prof. Dr. Nilanjan Chakraborty
Dr. Umair Ahmed
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fluids is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations
  • Large Eddy Simulations (LES)
  • Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS)
  • premixed combustion
  • non-premixed combustion
  • flame-wall interaction
  • experimental turbulence
  • turbulence modelling
  • combustion modelling

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3822 KiB  
Article
Soot and Flame Structures in Turbulent Partially Premixed Jet Flames of Pre-Evaporated Diesel Surrogates with Admixture of OMEn
by Steffen Walther, Tao Li, Dirk Geyer, Andreas Dreizler and Benjamin Böhm
Fluids 2024, 9(9), 210; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9090210 - 10 Sep 2024
Viewed by 780
Abstract
In this study, the soot formation and oxidation processes in different turbulent, pre-evaporated and partially premixed diesel surrogate flames are experimentally investigated. For this purpose, a piloted jet flame surrounded by an air co-flow is used. Starting from a defined diesel surrogate mixture, [...] Read more.
In this study, the soot formation and oxidation processes in different turbulent, pre-evaporated and partially premixed diesel surrogate flames are experimentally investigated. For this purpose, a piloted jet flame surrounded by an air co-flow is used. Starting from a defined diesel surrogate mixture, different fuel blends with increasing blending ratios of poly(oxymethylene) dimethyl ether (OME) are studied. The Reynolds number, equivalence ratio, and vaporization temperature are kept constant to ensure the comparability of the different fuel mixtures. The effects of OME addition on flame structures, soot precursors, and soot are investigated, showing soot reduction when OME is added to the diesel surrogate. Using chemiluminescence images of C2 radicals (line of sight) and subsequent Abel-inversion, flame lengths and global flame structure are analyzed. The flame structure is visualized by means of planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of hydroxyl radicals (OH). The spatial distribution of soot precursors, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is simultaneously measured by PLIF using the same excitation wavelength. In particular, aromatic compounds with several benzene rings (e.g., naphthalene or pyrene), which are known to be actively involved in soot formation and growth, have been visualized. Spatially distributed soot particles are detected by using laser-induced incandescence (LII), which allows us to study the onset of soot clouds and its structures qualitatively. Evident soot formation is observed in the pure diesel surrogate flame, whereas a significant soot reduction with changing PAH and soot structures can be identified with increasing OME addition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Turbulence and Combustion)
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25 pages, 7754 KiB  
Article
Subgrid Turbulent Flux Models for Large Eddy Simulations of Diffusion Flames in Space Propulsion
by Daniel Martinez-Sanchis, Andrej Sternin, Sagnik Banik, Oskar Haidn and Martin Tajmar
Fluids 2024, 9(6), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9060124 - 26 May 2024
Viewed by 704
Abstract
Subgrid scale models for unresolved turbulent fluxes are investigated, with a focus on combustion for space propulsion applications. An extension to the gradient model is proposed, introducing a dependency on the local burning regimen. The dynamic behaviors of the model’s coefficients are investigated, [...] Read more.
Subgrid scale models for unresolved turbulent fluxes are investigated, with a focus on combustion for space propulsion applications. An extension to the gradient model is proposed, introducing a dependency on the local burning regimen. The dynamic behaviors of the model’s coefficients are investigated, and scaling laws are studied. The discussed models are validated using a DNS database of a high-pressure, turbulent, fuel-rich methane–oxygen diffusion flame. The operating point and turbulence characteristics are selected to resemble those of modern combustors for space propulsion applications to support the future usage of the devised model in this context. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Turbulence and Combustion)
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24 pages, 9812 KiB  
Article
Vortex-Breakdown Efficiency of Planar Regular Grid Structures—Towards the Development of Design Guidelines
by Julien Sirois, Marlène Sanjosé, Fabian Sanchez and Vladimir Brailovski
Fluids 2024, 9(2), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9020043 - 8 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1634
Abstract
The work presented here aims to provide design guidelines to create vortex-damping structures. A design of experiment was developed to investigate the individual and combined effects of the geometrical properties of planar regular grid structures, i.e., the wire diameter, the porosity, and the [...] Read more.
The work presented here aims to provide design guidelines to create vortex-damping structures. A design of experiment was developed to investigate the individual and combined effects of the geometrical properties of planar regular grid structures, i.e., the wire diameter, the porosity, and the inter-grid spacing, on their vortex-breakdown performance. The simulations were carried out using a commercial unsteady RANS solver. The model relies on the Von Karman street effect to generate vortices in a pipe which are convected downstream, where they interact with an array of grids. The vortex-breakdown efficiency is characterized by the pressure drop, the residual turbulent kinetic energy, the flow homogeneity, and the size of the transmitted vortices. The wire diameter is shown to be an important design lever as it affects the level of distortion of the transmitted vortices. Increasing the number of grids augments the pressure loss, but their contribution to vortex breakdown is otherwise limited when the wire diameter is small. The influence of grid spacing strongly depends on the wire diameter and grid alignment. For instance, minimizing this gap reduces the pressure drop for the inline configurations, but increases the pressure drop for the offset configurations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Turbulence and Combustion)
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