Molecular Mechanisms of Fish Sex Differentiation and Sexual Plasticity

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Genetics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2025) | Viewed by 452

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Fisheries Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: fish sex determination and differentiation; genetics and epigenetics; hermaphrodites and sex reversal; interactions between environmental factors and sexual plasticity; sexual control breeding

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Guest Editor
College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
Interests: sea fish breeding; fish embryonic development; fish sex differentiation
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College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
Interests: sex determination and differentiation; reproduction; development; oogenesis; gynogenesis
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Guest Editor
Fisheries Research Institute of Karatsu, Kyushu University, 59-2 Ouka, Karatsu-City, Saga 847-0132, Japan
Interests: stem cell; germ cell; endocrinology; autophagy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The molecular mechanisms of sex determination is quite conserved in vertebrates, and an understanding of the mechanisms will contribute to the evolutionary pathways of sex determination mechanisms in all vertebrates. The sex determination and differentiation of fish is primitive, diverse, and changeable, and investigations of the genetics and epigenetic mechanisms of fish sex determination will promote the understanding of the mechanisms of the interaction between the environment and the organisms. The development and application of genetic markers and biotechnology on sex control to produce fast growth mono-sex populations will contribute to rapid advancements in aquaculture.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an active forum to present the results of studies of basic and applied topics in genetics, epigenetics, and biotechnology involving aquatic and marine fish.

The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following directions:

  • The molecular mechanisms of fish sex determination and differentiation;
  • The influence of environmental factors on sex determination in fish;
  • Studies on the role of the sex chromosome composition of primordial germ cells in sex determination;
  • The development of new sex genetic markers and analytic tools;
  • The development of artificial sex control technology and breeding of mono-sex populations in fish;
  • The selective breeding of cultured aquatic and marine mono-sex animals.

Prof. Dr. Linyan Zhou
Dr. Hong-Wei Yan
Dr. Li-Min Wu
Dr. Tapas Chakraborty
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • fish sex determination and differentiation genetics and epigenetics
  • hermaphrodites and sex reversal
  • environmental factors and sexual plasticity
  • sexual control breeding and biotechnology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 651 KB  
Article
The Involvement of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Testis Differentiation in Nile Tilapia
by He Gao, Tomomitsu Arai, Chak Aranyakanont, Dan Li, Megumi Tada and Shigeho Ijiri
Fishes 2025, 10(10), 473; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10100473 - 23 Sep 2025
Abstract
In Nile tilapia, one of the most important aquaculture species, males are larger than females, and an all-male monosex culture offers significant economic benefits. Although the pituitaries of genetic female (XX) and genetic male (XY) tilapia have identical expression levels of follicle-stimulating hormone [...] Read more.
In Nile tilapia, one of the most important aquaculture species, males are larger than females, and an all-male monosex culture offers significant economic benefits. Although the pituitaries of genetic female (XX) and genetic male (XY) tilapia have identical expression levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh), FSH receptor (fshr) expression remains relatively low in XY-undifferentiated gonads and then increases following morphological sex differentiation. The expression patterns of genes related to androgen biosynthesis in XY-undifferentiated gonads are similar to those of fshr during testis differentiation. This might imply that FSH has a potential function in testis differentiation through regulating the expression of genes related to androgen biosynthesis. To determine whether FSH signaling regulated androgen biosynthesis, we microinjected recombinant FSH (rFsh) into XY larvae during the early sex-differentiation stage. We compared the expression of various genes related to testis differentiation after injection. The genes hsd3b, cyp17a1, dmrt1, and gsdf were found to have higher expression in the rFsh treatment group. These results suggest that FSH signaling can activate androgen biosynthesis by regulating steroidogenic enzymes, including hsd3b and cyp17a1. Moreover, injected rFsh can upregulate dmrt1, which has a positive effect on the expression of gsdf. Therefore, during testis differentiation and development, FSH plays a role in both androgen synthesis and the expression of genes related to testis differentiation in Nile tilapia. Full article
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