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Energies
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HVDC Power Transmission: Technology, Systems, and Grid Interaction
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HVDC Power Transmission: Technology, Systems, and Grid Interaction

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2021) | Viewed by 7618

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Thomas Leibfried

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Electrical Energy Systems and High-Voltage Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Interests: stationary and dynamic grid behavior due to power electronic systems such as HVDC point-to-point links and HVDC grids; stability and control of low-inertia grid systems; flexibility provision in distribution grids; HV components such as cables or mixed cable/overhead line systems in HVDC applications; power transformers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite submissions to a Special Issue of the journal Energies on the topic of “HVDC Power Transmission: Technology, Systems, and Grid Interaction”.

During the last decades, High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) links have shown their ability to overcome the challenges of transmitting a bulk of electric power over long distances, and that they are able to add new functionalities to the existing AC grid. Major achievements on the technological level, as well as new requirements due to the energy transition worldwide, have led to a significant increase in HVDC links all over the world. This Special Issue is intended to cover new developments in converter technology, the challenges of new link technologies such as HVDC cables and mixed cable and overhead line systems, system control and protection aspects, and the interactions with the existing grid. The increasing number of HVDC links within a grid also increases the danger of the interactions between the HVDC systems. Currently, the majority of installations are point-to-point links. Recently, the first multi-terminal links have been in the design stage, and a very small amount multi-terminal systems have been installed. There is limited information about the operational data and experiences of the VSC HVDC systems. Therefore, technical details and operational experiences of recent HVDC realizations, and plans for the future are of special interest for this Issue. Another topic for the Special Issue is models for all types of HVDC equipment and systems in all degrees of detail, in order to be able to simulate effects, such as failure events, black start capability, harmonic interaction, and new ancillary services provided by HVDC systems.

Prof. Dr. Thomas Leibfried
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • HVDC system design (monopolar/bipolar system and rigid bipole)
  • Converter technology (LCC and MMC)
  • HVDC cables and HVDC overhead lines
  • System stability enhancement by HVDC systems, especially harmonic stability
  • Multi-terminal HVDC grids
  • Grid following and grid forming HVDC control
  • HVDC grid protection
  • HV-IGBT developments
  • Operational experience with HVDC systems

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2043 KiB  
Article
Calculating the Interface Flow Limits for the Expanded Use of High-Voltage Direct Current in Power Systems
by Sangwook Han
Energies 2020, 13(11), 2863; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13112863 - 4 Jun 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1709
Abstract
Although loads are increasingly becoming concentrated in metropolitan areas, power generation has decreased in metropolitan areas and increased in nonmetropolitan areas; hence, power transmission must occur through interface lines. To achieve this, additional transmission lines must be secured because the existing interface lines [...] Read more.
Although loads are increasingly becoming concentrated in metropolitan areas, power generation has decreased in metropolitan areas and increased in nonmetropolitan areas; hence, power transmission must occur through interface lines. To achieve this, additional transmission lines must be secured because the existing interface lines have reached their large-scale power transmission limits. The Korea Electric Power Corporation has installed many high-voltage direct current lines, thereby impacting the determination of interface power flow limits. These serve as the basis for system operations. However, knowledge of operating high-voltage direct current lines as a simple transmission line in a single power system is lacking. The effects of high-voltage direct current and its related parameters for interface flow limit analysis remain unclear. Furthermore, whether high-voltage direct current should be included in the selection of the interface lines that serve as the basis for interface flow remains unclear. In addition, whether the high-voltage direct current line faults should be included in the contingency list for determining the interface flow limits has not been considered. Additionally, it has not been determined whether to operate the DC tap when performing the simulation This study addresses these issues and determines the conditions that are necessary for determining the interface flow limits when a high-voltage direct current transmission facility has been installed in a land power system. The results conclude how to reflect the above conditions reasonably when performing the interface flow limit analysis on a system that includes the HVDC lines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue HVDC Power Transmission: Technology, Systems, and Grid Interaction)
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20 pages, 4919 KiB  
Article
Methodology for Tuning MTDC Supervisory and Frequency-Response Control Systems at Terminal Level under Over-Frequency Events
by Marta Haro-Larrode, Maider Santos-Mugica, Agurtzane Etxegarai and Pablo Eguia
Energies 2020, 13(11), 2807; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13112807 - 1 Jun 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2491
Abstract
This paper proposes a methodology for tuning a supervisory and frequency-response outer loop control system of a multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) grid designed to transmit offshore wind energy to an onshore AC grid, and to provide frequency support during over-frequency events. The control [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a methodology for tuning a supervisory and frequency-response outer loop control system of a multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) grid designed to transmit offshore wind energy to an onshore AC grid, and to provide frequency support during over-frequency events. The control structure is based on a master–slave scheme and ensures the achievement of frequency response, with specific implementation of the UK national grid code limited-frequency sensitive (LFSM) and frequency-sensitive (FSM) modes. The onshore AC grid is modelled with an equivalent frequency-response model to simulate the onshore AC grid dynamics under frequency deviations. The main innovation of this paper is the development of a methodology for tuning simultaneously two hierarchical levels of a MTDC coordinated control structure, i.e., the MTDC supervisor, given by the active power set point for slave terminal, and the slope of frequency-response functions at onshore terminals. Based on these two hierarchical levels, different strategies are evaluated in terms of frequency peak reductions and change of the frequency order type. Moreover, tuning guidance is given when a different MTDC control structure or different synchronous generator characteristics of the onshore AC grid are considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue HVDC Power Transmission: Technology, Systems, and Grid Interaction)
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16 pages, 6644 KiB  
Article
Research on Serial VSC-LCC Hybrid HVdc Control Strategy and Filter Design Scheme
by Fan Cheng, Lijun Xie and Zhibing Wang
Energies 2020, 13(9), 2260; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13092260 - 4 May 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2715
Abstract
This paper investigated the characteristics of a novel type of hybrid high voltage direct current (HVdc) converter, which is composed by line commutated converter series with voltage source converter. The system and valve level control strategies are introduced, which can provide ac system [...] Read more.
This paper investigated the characteristics of a novel type of hybrid high voltage direct current (HVdc) converter, which is composed by line commutated converter series with voltage source converter. The system and valve level control strategies are introduced, which can provide ac system voltage support. A novel filter design scheme composed by resonant filers for hybrid HVdc are also proposed, which can decrease the capacity of reactive power compensation equipment without deteriorate harmonic characteristics. The ac voltage of HVdc fluctuation level caused by transmitted power variation will be effectively reduced, with the coordination between filter design scheme and converter control. In addition, the influence of ac grid strength is also analyzed by equivalent source internal impedance represented by short circuit ratio (SCR). Finally, the +800 kV/1600 MW hybrid HVdc system connecting two ac grids under different SCR cases are studied, and the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation results have validated the effectiveness for proposed strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue HVDC Power Transmission: Technology, Systems, and Grid Interaction)
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