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Energies
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Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments
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Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "C: Energy Economics and Policy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2022) | Viewed by 23691

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Davor Mikulić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department for Macroeconomics and International Economics, The Institute of Economics Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: macroeconomics; input-output analysis; energy economics; national accounts; public finance
Dr. Damira Keček

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
University Center Varaždin, University North, Varaždin, Croatia
Interests: input-output analysis; energy economics; operational research; information and communication technology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concern for the environment and awareness of the need to mitigate climate change has led to the promotion of renewable energy sources by academic community, international institutions and national governments. Energy policy measures aimed to promote renewable energy sources, in addition to achieving strategic goals related to sustainability, decarbonisation and protection of the environment, also contributing to economic development. The focus on the development of modern technologies for renewable energy deployment, affect the economic activity, create new jobs based on modern knowledge and skills and generally can create the preconditions for the sustainable long-term economic development.  A successful transition to renewable energy could also improve net import energy dependency of many economies and decrease economic vulnerability on external shocks related to a potential increase in the prices of traditional energy products on the global market.

This Special Issue will deal with economic impacts of renewable energy sources deployment. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

  • Economic effects of deployment of renewable energy sources;
  • The role of green economy in sustainable development;
  • Policies and incentives promoting development of renewable energy sources;
  • The role of renewable energy in energy import dependency;
  • Institutional and financial barriers in renewable energy development;
  • The effects of renewable energy development on energy prices;
  • The impact of modern ICT in renewable energy deployment.

Dr. Davor Mikulić
Dr. Damira Keček
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Wind energy
  • Solar energy
  • Green economy
  • Circular economy
  • Politics and economics of renewable energy sources
  • Energy transition
  • Energy dependency
  • Energy prices

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 2620 KiB  
Article
Willingness to Pay for Alternative Energies in Uganda: Energy Needs and Policy Instruments towards Zero Deforestation 2030 and Climate Change
by Dastan Bamwesigye
Energies 2023, 16(2), 980; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020980 - 15 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3111
Abstract
With climate change advancing, the world’s target of zero deforestation by 2030 seems like a dream in Africa’s developing nations. This is because over 90% of households depend on wood fuels for their energy needs. Over the years, the decrease in natural rainforest [...] Read more.
With climate change advancing, the world’s target of zero deforestation by 2030 seems like a dream in Africa’s developing nations. This is because over 90% of households depend on wood fuels for their energy needs. Over the years, the decrease in natural rainforest area has been attributed to deforestation and forest degradation due to human activities, including the huge dependence on wood fuel for energy. Policies on clean energy production and imports to adapt to environmental and climatic implications are long overdue. This study hypothesized that Ugandans are willing to pay for alternative energies to conserve natural forests. The study aimed to examine the energy situation in Uganda and the willingness to pay for alternative energies (WTPEA) to reduce deforestation. This study conducted a dichotomous choice (DC) questionnaire for the willingness to pay for energy alternatives (WTPEA). This research used the questionnaire to collect the data, and a total of 1200 responses were collected and analyzed. The survey results showed that 80% of the respondents demonstrated a willingness to pay on average. The average willingness to pay amount (WTPA) was USD 15, and the median WTP was USD 10. Most of the respondents preferred gas and electricity for household cooking. The logistic regression results showed that their socioeconomic characteristics did not impact their hypothetical WTPEA. The willingness to pay for forest conservation (WTPFC) and the knowledge of forest functions and services were found to positively and significantly impact the WTPEA. The majority of the socioeconomic variables were found to very significantly influence the WTP amount. Furthermore, the WTPFC and charcoal fuel use were found to have a positive and very significant effect on the WTP for alternative energies. The Government of Uganda ought to employ policy tools to boost the imports and production of alternative energies in Uganda to save the depleting forests. This would promote and improve the conservation of virgin tropical rainforests, which are on the brink of extinction, and mitigate the dire climatic conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments)
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17 pages, 499 KiB  
Article
Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption and Trade Policy: Do They Matter for Environmental Sustainability?
by Yugang He
Energies 2022, 15(10), 3559; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15103559 - 12 May 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2851
Abstract
In the extant literature, there are numerous discussions on China’s environmental sustainability. However, few scholars have considered renewable energy consumption and trade policy simultaneously to debate environmental sustainability. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine how renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, bio-capacity, economic growth, [...] Read more.
In the extant literature, there are numerous discussions on China’s environmental sustainability. However, few scholars have considered renewable energy consumption and trade policy simultaneously to debate environmental sustainability. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine how renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, bio-capacity, economic growth, and trade policy dynamically affect the ecological footprint (a proxy for environmental sustainability). Using the data from 1971 to 2017 and employing the auto-regressive distributed lag model to perform an empirical analysis, the results demonstrate that renewable energy consumption and trade policy are conducive to environmental sustainability because of their negative impacts on the ecological footprint. However, the results also indicate that bio-capacity, non-renewable energy consumption, and economic growth are putting increasing pressure on environmental sustainability due to their positive impacts on the ecological footprint. Moreover, to determine the direction of causality between the highlighted variables, the Yoda-Yamamoto causality test was conducted. The results suggest a two-way causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and ecological footprint, non-renewable energy consumption and ecological footprint, and economic growth and ecological footprint. Conversely, the results also suggest a one-way causal relationship running from bio-capacity and trade policy to the ecological footprint. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments)
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12 pages, 2904 KiB  
Article
White-Model Predictive Control for Balancing Energy Savings and Thermal Comfort
by Byung-Ki Jeon and Eui-Jong Kim
Energies 2022, 15(7), 2345; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072345 - 23 Mar 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4915
Abstract
To save energy consumed by a building, utilizing optimal predictive control with model predictive control (MPC) makes the most of energy storage systems (ESSs) to reduce the electrical energy consumption of peak and heavy loads. This study evaluated MPC applicability in a multi-zone [...] Read more.
To save energy consumed by a building, utilizing optimal predictive control with model predictive control (MPC) makes the most of energy storage systems (ESSs) to reduce the electrical energy consumption of peak and heavy loads. This study evaluated MPC applicability in a multi-zone commercial building using the EnergyPlus model and conducted multi-objective optimization of thermal comfort and energy savings. As a result of the simulation, optimal ESS charging scenarios responded to the fluctuating electricity pricing system, and changing the peak load time reduced the electricity bill of the grid by 55% compared to the existing operating method. At the same time, room temperatures stayed within the thermal comfort range, and the Pareto curve showed a proper balance between energy saving and thermal comfort. Especially, the proposed method with a white model is applicable for MPC applications in commercial buildings, as it gave optimal solutions within the target time interval. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments)
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19 pages, 2279 KiB  
Article
Effects of Increased Renewable Energy Consumption on Electricity Prices: Evidence for Six South American Countries
by Ronny Correa-Quezada, María del Cisne Tituaña-Castillo, María de la Cruz del Río-Rama and José Álvarez-García
Energies 2022, 15(2), 620; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15020620 - 16 Jan 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2758
Abstract
This research examines the relationship between renewable energy consumption and electricity prices in six South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru). The methodology used is a panel econometric model with annual data for the period 1990–2015. The results show that [...] Read more.
This research examines the relationship between renewable energy consumption and electricity prices in six South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru). The methodology used is a panel econometric model with annual data for the period 1990–2015. The results show that the consumption of renewable energies influences the price of electricity paid by households, although its influence is very moderate. On the other hand, it was observed that the consumption of renewable energies has no relationship with the energy prices of the industrial sector and the commercial and services sector. In the countries analyzed, an increase in GDP causes an increase in the price of energy in the industrial sector. With more CO2 emissions and a rise in the international price of oil, the annual average price of the industrial sector decreases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments)
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15 pages, 513 KiB  
Article
Investments in Croatian RES Plants and Energy Efficient Building Retrofits: Substitutes or Complements?
by Davor Mikulić and Damira Keček
Energies 2022, 15(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010002 - 21 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2024
Abstract
Croatian energy strategy defines ambitious goals aimed at achieving energy transition toward a sustainable low-carbon society. Achieving those goals requires significant investments in the renewable energy sources and improved energy efficiency of buildings. The purpose of this paper is to estimate and compare [...] Read more.
Croatian energy strategy defines ambitious goals aimed at achieving energy transition toward a sustainable low-carbon society. Achieving those goals requires significant investments in the renewable energy sources and improved energy efficiency of buildings. The purpose of this paper is to estimate and compare the economic effects of the energy transition on the renewable energy supply and demand side. The estimation of the energy transition effects in Croatia in the period 2020–2050 is based on the input-output model, which identifies direct, indirect and induced effects of investments in renewable energy sources and energy efficient buildings renovation. Results of the study reveal relatively higher gross value added and employment effects induced by investments in building retrofits, but the effects of investments in renewable energy are also significant. Investments in sustainable, efficient and environmentally effective energy system could significantly contribute to Croatian GDP. While GVA effects range from 0.4% to 0.6% of annual GDP, the share of full-time equivalent jobs induced by energy transition could reach 0.5% to 1% of total employment in Croatia. Investments in RES plants and energy efficient building reconstruction are not substitutes but complements which ensure a smooth energy transition if undertaken together. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments)
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17 pages, 1744 KiB  
Article
Public Attitudes toward Renewable Energy in Croatia
by Sunčana Slijepčević and Željka Kordej-De Villa
Energies 2021, 14(23), 8111; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14238111 - 3 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3117
Abstract
Renewable energy sources (RES) play a key role in achieving the European Union’s energy and climate objectives. As a member of the European Union, Croatia has committed to adopting European Directive 2009/28/EC, a directive on promoting the use of RES. Croatia shows good [...] Read more.
Renewable energy sources (RES) play a key role in achieving the European Union’s energy and climate objectives. As a member of the European Union, Croatia has committed to adopting European Directive 2009/28/EC, a directive on promoting the use of RES. Croatia shows good potential for the use of different types of RES. In the period 2009–2019, the share of renewable energy in energy consumption increased from 23.6 to 28.5 percent. The Croatian energy strategy aims to increase the national share of renewable energy to at least 32 percent by 2030. Acceptance and public support are essential for renewable energy to be introduced into energy policy and particularly to encourage renewable energy implementation in the residential sector. The purpose of the paper is to explore the public perception of renewable energy and citizens’ willingness to pay for the use of RES. Data were collected through a 2021 survey of citizens 18 years and older. The survey results show a low level of implementation of RES technology in the residential sector; more than 80 percent of respondents did not use any sources of renewable energy in their households. Results related to respondents’ knowledge of different sources of renewable energy suggest they have the most knowledge of solar, wind, and hydropower energy. Respondents believe that combating climate change, reducing dependency on energy imports, reducing environmental impacts, and improving health are the most important benefits of RES implementation. The survey reveals general support for RES among respondents; almost 89 percent of them would purchase renewable energy from local suppliers. In addition, 79 percent of survey participants were willing to pay for the introduction of RES technology into their households. The research shows that environmental concerns are the primary reason for citizens’ higher willingness to pay for RES. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments)
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20 pages, 3656 KiB  
Article
How Much Can Small-Scale Wind Energy Production Contribute to Energy Supply in Cities? A Case Study of Berlin
by Alina Wilke, Zhiwei Shen and Matthias Ritter
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5523; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175523 - 4 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2745
Abstract
In light of the global effort to limit the temperature rise, many cities have undertaken initiatives to become climate-neutral, making decentralized urban energy production more relevant. This paper addresses the potential of urban wind energy production with small wind turbines, using Berlin as [...] Read more.
In light of the global effort to limit the temperature rise, many cities have undertaken initiatives to become climate-neutral, making decentralized urban energy production more relevant. This paper addresses the potential of urban wind energy production with small wind turbines, using Berlin as an example. A complete framework from data selection to economic feasibility is constructed to enable the empirical assessment of wind energy for individual buildings and Berlin as a whole. Based on a detailed dataset of all buildings and hourly wind speed on a 1 km2 grid, the results show that multiple turbines on suitable buildings can significantly contribute to households’ energy consumption but fall short of covering the full demand. For individual households, our economic evaluation strongly recommends the self-consumption of the produced electricity. The findings suggest that while the use of small wind turbines should be continuously encouraged, exploring other renewable resources or combination of wind and photovoltaic energy in the urban environment remains important. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Developments)
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