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Management and Optimization for Renewable Energy and Power Systems
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Management and Optimization for Renewable Energy and Power Systems

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 June 2025) | Viewed by 6732

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mario Gomes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Smart Cities Research Center (Ci2-IPT), Polytechnic Institute of Tomar, 2300-313 Tomar, Portugal
Interests: power systems; electrical installations; power markets; distributed energy resources; microgrids; smart grids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Paulo Coelho

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Smart Cities Research Center (Ci2-IPT), Polytechnic Institute of Tomar, 2300-313 Tomar, Portugal
Interests: control theory; intelligent control systems; renewable energies; smart grids/cities; mobile robotics; aerial robotics; electrical vehicles/intelligent vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the current context, the transition to a low-carbon energy paradigm is fundamental, where the time window—for climate change to remain at a tolerable level—is increasingly shorter. One of the essential pillars to accelerate this transition is renewable energy generation, which is gaining increasing prominence as it matures in its efficiency and profitability.

Thus, the great challenge we must overcome is reducing fossil fuel use and investing in technologies that prioritize renewable energy. This option is the best from an ecological point of view, but it has negative points that must be taken into consideration (e.g., hydro requires the construction of dams that lead to significant impacts; wind and solar depend on external factors for energy generation, making it difficult to depend exclusively on these sources).

The complexity of the management associated with these processes has increased exponentially, going from a model where generation was centralized and easily managed to one of distributed generation and where there is significant fluctuation in generation. Grid operators will have to manage this evolution to achieve a key objective: stability in generation and availability to respond to fluctuation, which is now at both ends of the spectrum—generation and demand.

The answer to these challenges lies in technology and new concepts. Technology must be able to obtain real-time information from the different generation units—renewable and non-renewable—and manage their entry and exit from the grid to ensure their stability. New technologies, such as the Internet of Things and sensors to transmit information on asset utilization, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to anticipate scenarios and improve efficiency levels, are essential components of a solution capable of responding to the complexity of this challenge. This involves the creation of a solution that allows the management of the portfolio of renewable resources with maximum efficiency and the use of available assets. Another intrinsically necessary characteristic is the scalability of the solution, which allows the easy integration of new assets and the optimization of their use. Finally, given the diversity of systems, it is essential that the management system can interconnect and obtain data from the most diverse systems, ensuring a bidirectional connection that allows their management.

The future of energy is distributed, with low emissions and with microgeneration playing important roles, integrating new concepts to accommodate fluctuations. Technology is the answer to making the future predictable, manageable, and integrated.

This Special Issue addresses management and optimization for renewable energy. The focus includes the methods and techniques regarding the planning/operation of power systems with a high penetration of renewables. Approaches to integrating these resources into electricity markets, as one of the main drivers for their efficient use, are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Mario Gomes
Prof. Dr. Paulo Coelho
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renewable energy sources/technologies
  • high penetration of renewables
  • power system
  • microgeneration
  • zero energy buildings
  • electricity markets
  • microgrids
  • integration
  • management
  • optimization
  • maintenance

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 8144 KiB  
Article
Discrete vs. Discretized Control in Voltage Source Inverters for UPS Systems
by Zbigniew Rymarski, Wojciech Oliwa and Grzegorz Wieczorek
Energies 2025, 18(13), 3336; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133336 - 25 Jun 2025
Viewed by 222
Abstract
Digital control in UPS systems is currently the only reasonable way of controlling a voltage source inverter (VSI). The control frequency range is restricted to up to about 1 kHz owing to the output low-pass LC filter, which should also maintain the output [...] Read more.
Digital control in UPS systems is currently the only reasonable way of controlling a voltage source inverter (VSI). The control frequency range is restricted to up to about 1 kHz owing to the output low-pass LC filter, which should also maintain the output voltage during one switching period for the step unload. The measurement channels in the low-pass frequency range can be modeled as delays equal to some switching periods. A reasonably high (about 50 kHz) switching frequency minimizes the delays of the measurement channels. Two control systems will be compared—the pure discrete control, in this case a one-sample-ahead preview deadbeat control (OSAP), and a discretized passivity-based control (PBC). The OSAP control is easy to realize, is very fast, and enables one to obtain a steady state in a restricted number of steps after disturbance. However, the single-input single-output deadbeat control version is useless because it depends very strongly on the parameters of the inverter. The multi-input single-output OSAP (MISO-OSAP) control is directly based on discrete state equations (we treat the output voltage, output current, and inductor current as the measured state variables) and works perfectly for the nonlinear rectifier RC load (PF = 0.7) in a system without delay. The version of this with a linear prediction of state variables by means of a full-order state Luenberger observer (MISO-OSAP-LO) will be used in systems with different delays and compared with the discretized MISO passivity-based control without prediction for relatively high switching frequency (about 50 kHz). The aim and the novelty of the paper are in enabling a choice between one of these control systems for high switching frequency VSI with delays in the measurement channels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Management and Optimization for Renewable Energy and Power Systems)
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27 pages, 4645 KiB  
Article
Correlational Analysis of Relationships Among Nodal Powers and Currents in a Power System
by Miguel Kosmala Neto, Tomasz Okon and Kazimierz Wilkosz
Energies 2025, 18(12), 3188; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123188 - 18 Jun 2025
Viewed by 322
Abstract
This paper concerns the analysis of the impact of nodal powers on currents flowing in the power system (PS). Two problems are considered here, i.e., Problem I—identifying the branches of the PS on which currents have magnitudes that strongly change with changes in [...] Read more.
This paper concerns the analysis of the impact of nodal powers on currents flowing in the power system (PS). Two problems are considered here, i.e., Problem I—identifying the branches of the PS on which currents have magnitudes that strongly change with changes in nodal powers, characterized by magnitudes and arguments, and identifying nodes at which these powers exist, and Problem C—PS clustering from the point of view of the relationships between branch current magnitudes (BCMs) and nodal power magnitudes (nodal apparent powers—NAPs) or nodal power arguments (NPAs). The solution to Problem I may be useful for the modernization of the PS as well as in the practice of dispatchers. The solution to Problem C may be useful in system analyses. The analysis of the literature shows that the existing papers only touch on the earlier-formulated problems to a modest extent. In fact, those problems are not solved. The paper fills this gap by presenting methods for solving the given problems. Both considered problems are solved using data mining. The investigation of correlational relationships (CRs) between BCMs and NAPs as well as CRs between BCMs and NPAs is used. Any such strong CR indicates large changes in BCM with changes in NAP or NPA remaining in the considered CR. Nodes, which through NAPs are in CRs with BCM for a selected branch, are a cluster associated with this branch. The paper also considers clusters encompassing branches, for each of which BCMs are in CRs with the NAP of a given node. Similarly, when searching for clusters encompassing nodes, or clusters encompassing branches, in the aforementioned CRs, one considers NPAs instead of NAPs. The paper proposes methods for solving Problem I and Problem C, which allow (i) relatively simple detection of regularities in the PS with the provision of their statistical evaluation, which would be difficult or impossible in the case of other methods, and (ii) solving the indicated problems based only on measurement data, and do not require (i) performing flow calculations and (ii) large computational effort. The paper presents the properties of the methods on the examples of the IEEE 14-Bus Test System and IEEE 30-Bus Test System. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Management and Optimization for Renewable Energy and Power Systems)
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21 pages, 976 KiB  
Article
Optimal Power Dispatch for Maximum Energy Community Welfare by Considering Closed Distribution Systems and Renewable Sources
by Paulo M. De Oliveira-De Jesus and Jose M. Yusta
Energies 2024, 17(18), 4707; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184707 - 21 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1009
Abstract
Regulatory boards are promoting closed distribution systems (CDSs), which are different from traditional public-access networks, that can be owned and managed by energy communities (ECs). The inclusion of local renewable energy potential and an adequate schedule of storage devices in a CDS allow [...] Read more.
Regulatory boards are promoting closed distribution systems (CDSs), which are different from traditional public-access networks, that can be owned and managed by energy communities (ECs). The inclusion of local renewable energy potential and an adequate schedule of storage devices in a CDS allow cooperation among the EC’s members in order to reduce operational expenditure (OPEX), providing internally competitive electricity prices with respect to those provided by publicly regulated networks and electricity markets. The CDS operators can assume a new role as the centralized energy dispatchers of generation and storage assets in order to maximize the profits of the members of the EC. This paper proposes an innovative optimal active and reactive power dispatch model for maximum community welfare conditions. A key difference between this proposal and existing social-welfare-based dispatches on public-access networks is the exclusion of the profit of the external wholesale electricity market. The focus of the proposed method is to maximize the welfare of all community members. A remuneration framework based on a collective EC with a single frontier is adopted, considering agreements between members based on locational marginal pricing (CDS-LMP). Results from an illustrative case study show a reduction of 50% in the EC’s OPEX with a payback time of 6 years for investments in CDSs, renewable sources, and storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Management and Optimization for Renewable Energy and Power Systems)
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25 pages, 4236 KiB  
Article
Electrifying Strategic Management: Leveraging Electric Vehicles for Sustainable Value Creation?
by Sónia Gouveia, Daniel H. de la Iglesia, José Luís Abrantes, Alfonso J. López Rivero, Elisabete Silva, Eduardo Gouveia and Vasco Santos
Energies 2024, 17(18), 4581; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184581 - 12 Sep 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2234
Abstract
Electric vehicles are an emerging topic in organizations and society. Access to economically and environmentally workable sustainable technologies has become a priority in the face of catastrophic climate change and the discussion surrounding it. This study examines the academic literature to shed light [...] Read more.
Electric vehicles are an emerging topic in organizations and society. Access to economically and environmentally workable sustainable technologies has become a priority in the face of catastrophic climate change and the discussion surrounding it. This study examines the academic literature to shed light on factors, trends, emerging models, and critical perspectives on electric vehicles and their relationship to value creation, strategic management, and sustainability. This research uses a bibliometric analysis method to explore the dynamic interaction between these essential elements of the literature. The source is the Scopus database. The analysis uses VOSviewer software 1.6.20, focusing on the bibliographic coupling of documents, which was presented as a network visualization map. It emphasizes search terms proving the emerging need for innovation strategies in automotive industry organizations, consumers, and public entities to create value within a global sustainability logic. This study highlights the relationship between the electric vehicle industry and the value creation strategy and sustainability in a digital world. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Management and Optimization for Renewable Energy and Power Systems)
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18 pages, 514 KiB  
Article
A Modular Algorithm Based on the Minimum-Cost-Path Problem for Optimizing LTC Operations in Photovoltaic Integrated Distribution Systems
by Arbel Yaniv and Yuval Beck
Energies 2023, 16(13), 4891; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16134891 - 23 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1610
Abstract
This paper presents a novel modular voltage control algorithm for optimal scheduling of a distribution system’s load tap changers to minimize the number of tap changes while maintaining a voltage deviation (VD) around a desired target. To this end, a bi-objective optimal voltage [...] Read more.
This paper presents a novel modular voltage control algorithm for optimal scheduling of a distribution system’s load tap changers to minimize the number of tap changes while maintaining a voltage deviation (VD) around a desired target. To this end, a bi-objective optimal voltage regulation (OVR) problem is addressed in two distinct stages. First, the operational constraint on the load tap changer is removed to form a single-objective OVR problem relating to the voltage. The solution obtained in this stage is ultimately utilized to determine the penalty value assigned to the distance from the optimal (solely in terms of voltage) control value. In the second stage, the optimal scheduling problem is formulated as a minimum-cost-path problem, which can be efficiently solved via dynamic programming. This approach allows the identification of optimal scheduling that considers both the voltage-related objective as well as the number of load tap changer switching operations with no added computational burden beyond that of a simple voltage optimization problem. The method imposes no restriction on the load tap changer’s operation and is tested under two different target functions on the standard IEEE-123 test case. The first attains a nominal voltage with a 0.056 p.u. voltage deviation and the second is the well-known conservation voltage reduction (CVR) case with a 0.17 p.u. voltage deviation. The method is compared to an evolutionary-based algorithm and shows significant improvement in the voltage deviation by a factor of 3.5 as well as a computation time acceleration of two orders of magnitude. The paper demonstrates the effectiveness and potential of the proposed method as a key feature in future cutting-edge OVR methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Management and Optimization for Renewable Energy and Power Systems)
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