Submit to Special Issue Submit Abstract to Special Issue Review for Energies Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser

Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids

Print Special Issue Flyer
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue
Published Papers

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F3: Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2026 | Viewed by 2687

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Alexandre De Bernardinis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

LMOPS (EA 4423), CentraleSupélec—Metz Campus, Université de Lorraine, F-57000 Metz, France
Interests: energy storage; photovoltaics; power converters; semiconductors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Mariem Dardouri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

LMOPS (EA 4423), CentraleSupélec—Metz Campus, Université de Lorraine, F-57000 Metz, France
Interests: microgrids; renewable energy; power quality; advanced control techniques; fault tolerant control; sensorless control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The integration of power electronics, energy storage, photovoltaic (PV) systems, and microgrids marks a groundbreaking advancement in the evolution of modern energy systems. These technologies, when combined, offer a cohesive and synergistic framework that can reshape the energy landscape by enhancing the efficiency, flexibility, and sustainability of energy networks. Each component plays a critical role in supporting the transition to a more sustainable future. Power electronics form the backbone of this system by enabling seamless interactions between various components, ensuring optimal performance and smooth integration. Energy storage systems are integral in maintaining stability and ensuring continuous energy supply, especially in addressing the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources such as solar power. Photovoltaic systems provide a clean, renewable source of energy that can be efficiently harnessed, while microgrids offer a decentralized approach to energy distribution, making the energy infrastructure more resilient and adaptable to local needs.

The combination of these technologies has significant benefits in energy management, as they work in unison to optimize energy generation, distribution, and consumption. Microgrids, supported by advanced control systems, allow for localized energy generation and distribution, minimizing reliance on centralized power plants and reducing transmission losses. This decentralized nature not only enhances energy efficiency but also improves the resilience of the entire energy network by enabling it to operate autonomously in the event of grid disturbances or natural disasters. Moreover, the integration of PV systems into microgrids creates opportunities for a cleaner and more sustainable energy future, helping to mitigate the environmental impact of fossil fuel-based energy generation.

However, as we move toward this new era of energy, it becomes increasingly important to evaluate the performance metrics of the key components involved, particularly the power electronics systems. These systems must be assessed on various parameters, including operational efficiency, energy density, stability, and reliability, to ensure that they meet the growing demands of modern energy systems. The complexity of these systems requires advanced control methods that can manage the dynamic interactions between components and optimize their overall performance. Additionally, there is a need to develop highly integrated power converters with increased power density that are compact, efficient, and capable of handling higher power loads.

In light of these considerations, this Special Issue, titled "Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids", will explore and disseminate the latest advancements in the theory, design, modeling, applications, and control approaches for power electronics-based systems. These systems are essential for the efficient generation and management of electrical energy from renewable sources and energy storage, realizing a sustainable energy future.

Prof. Dr. Alexandre De Bernardinis
Dr. Mariem Dardouri
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

power electronics-based systems
energy storage systems
photovoltaic energy
advancements in semiconductors
high-efficiency power electronics system topologies
advanced control techniques
fault detection and fault tolerance
reliability of power electronics systems

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (7 papers)

Download All Papers

Order results

Result details

Show export options Show export options

Select all

Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

18 pages, 5306 KB

Open AccessArticle

Particle Swarm-Based Active Power Command Correction Virtual Synchronous Generator Control for Inverters with Current Limiting Capability and Enhanced Transient Stability

by Qiang Wang, Min Shi, Hao Lv, Fei-Fei Zhang, Yan Gao, Chen-Miao Lv, Xiao-Qi Yin and Juan Yan

Energies 2026, 19(10), 2460; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19102460 - 20 May 2026

Viewed by 172

Abstract

When a fault occurs in the power grid to which the Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) is connected, it leads to overcurrent phenomena, which threatens the safety of the inverter and easily results in device damage. Although existing direct current limiting unit (CLU) control strategies can restrict the fault current, the input active power command far exceeds the power output, causing the virtual rotor to continuously accelerate. This leads to power angle divergence and a subsequent loss of synchronization. To address the conflict between direct current-limiting control and system transient stability, this paper proposes a control strategy based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to modify the active power command, building upon existing direct current-limiting VSG control. During grid faults, the output current is constrained to its maximum value, leading to a reduction in the system’s output power. By leveraging the PSO algorithm, the proposed strategy decreases the active power command to minimize the power mismatch between the command and the output. This maximizes the system’s transient stability by minimizing the rotor acceleration torque and effectively suppressing excessive power angle deviation. Meanwhile, the active power command reduction is introduced as a penalty term to maximize the active power output capability during the fault period. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to VSG with only direct current-limiting control, the proposed strategy significantly enhances the transient stability and transmission efficiency of the VSG under long-term fault conditions across various grid voltage sag scenarios. Furthermore, it ensures a seamless transition from the fault state to normal operation during short-term faults. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

27 pages, 15396 KB

Open AccessArticle

Sensorless Control of Compressor Motor Considering Inverter Nonlinearities and Parameter Estimation

by Tunahan Sapmaz and Ahmet Faruk Bakan

Energies 2026, 19(10), 2374; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19102374 - 15 May 2026

Viewed by 201

Abstract

In this study, parameter estimation-assisted sensorless control methods are proposed for compressor motors. As sensorless control strategies, rotating high-frequency injection (RHFI), pulsating high-frequency injection (RHFI), and an adaptive-gain sliding mode observer (AG-SMO) are employed. During startup, HFI-based methods are utilized, whereas AG-SMO is activated under steady-state operating conditions. To mitigate parameter variations and inverter nonlinearities, Adaline Neural Network (ANN), Recursive Least Squares (RLS), and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithms are integrated for the real-time estimation of stator resistance and dead-time voltage. The proposed framework is validated through both simulation and experimental studies on a 30 W, 20 V interior permanent magnet motor commonly used in compressor applications. The results demonstrate that sensorless control algorithms alone provide robust operation, while the incorporation of parameter estimation effectively eliminates stability issues and ensures reliable transitions from low to high speeds. Comparative analysis reveals that ANN has a simple structure, RLS achieves faster convergence, and EKF provides smoother estimates under noisy conditions. Overall, the integration of sensorless control algorithms with ANN/RLS/EKF-based parameter estimation and dead-time compensation offers a cost-effective and reliable solution for high-performance compressor applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 4312 KB

Open AccessArticle

State-Dependent Switching Control with Dwell Time Regulation for Three-Phase VSCs Based on 4D Switching Model

by Xin Guo, Hongyi Qi, Hongbo Cao, Celso Grebogi and Shangbin Jiao

Energies 2026, 19(9), 2245; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19092245 - 6 May 2026

Viewed by 272

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel modeling and control strategy for three-phase voltage source converters (VSCs) based on a switched system framework. A four-dimensional (4D) switched model and state-dependent switching control strategy with dwell time regulation are proposed. The key contributions of this work are: (1) The proposed switching model accurately represents both the continuous and discrete dynamics of the AC current and DC voltage in three-phase VSCs without relying on linearization or approximation techniques. (2) The proposed method enables the simultaneous control of three-phase AC currents and DC voltage within a single loop under the switching control framework. Complex phase-locked loops (PLLs), pulse width modulation (PWM), and the control parameter tuning process are avoided. (3) The steady-state and transient performance of the system was enhanced through the adaptive adjustment of the dwell time of the switching signal. The simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 2050 KB

Open AccessArticle

Research on Multi-Timescale Configuration Strategy of Hybrid Energy Storage Based on STL-PDM-VMD Model

by Min Wang, Zimo Liu, Leicheng Pan, Yongzhe Wang, Chunliang Wang, Nan Zhao and Weijie He

Energies 2026, 19(9), 2074; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19092074 - 24 Apr 2026

Viewed by 219

Abstract

Power systems with high renewable penetration impose multi-dimensional demands on energy storage (ES) regulation. Short-duration ES is required for power balance and frequency support, while medium- and long-duration ES is essential for daily, weekly, and seasonal peak shaving and energy time-shifting. Aiming at the challenge of multi-timescale configuration of hybrid energy storage (HES) in the initial planning stage of carbon-neutral transition, this paper proposes an optimal configuration strategy combining STL-PDM-VMD. First, the seasonal and trend decomposition using Loess (STL) is used to extract quarterly trends of annual net power for seasonal ES configuration. Then, the Past Decomposable Mixing (PDM) module in the time-mixer model is applied to decouple and mix multi-scale features of the detrended power curve for monthly and weekly configurations. Finally, an improved Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) is adopted to decompose daily net power fluctuations and optimize intra-day energy storage schemes. Based on actual data from a carbon-neutral transition region, simulations are carried out and compared with the VMD method with decomposition layers optimized by Gurobi. The results show that the proposed STL-PDM-VMD multi-timescale hybrid energy storage configuration strategy can effectively capture the multi-timescale fluctuation characteristics of net load, significantly improve the Renewable Energy (RE) penetration rate, and ensure the power and energy balance of the new power system at multiple timescales. penetration, and maintain power and energy balance in the new-type power system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 3668 KB

Open AccessArticle

Research on a Sliding Mode Self-Disturbance-Rejection Control Strategy for Three-Phase Interleaved Buck Converters

by Shihao Xing, Yang Cui, Cheng Liu and Ke Liu

Energies 2026, 19(8), 1846; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19081846 - 9 Apr 2026

Viewed by 417

Abstract

To address the issues of slow dynamic response and poor disturbance rejection in three-phase interleaved parallel buck converters under disturbance conditions such as voltage or load transients, an improved sliding mode auto-disturbance rejection control (SM-ADRC) strategy is proposed. Firstly, the traditional ADRC algorithm suffers from reduced disturbance observation accuracy in the extended state observer (ESO) due to discontinuous switching of the nonlinear function at segment boundaries. To address this, a novel nonlinear function is designed using an interpolation fitting method. Concurrently, an improved ESO is constructed based on deviation-control principles, utilising the deviation between each state variable and its observed value. Secondly, an enhanced state error feedback law combines an improved exponential approach law with an integral sliding mode surface, thereby enhancing the control system’s robustness. Finally, simulation comparisons of output voltage fluctuations and power response speeds under various operating conditions validate the superiority and feasibility of the proposed SM-ADRC strategy over both the conventional ADRC strategy and PI control strategy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 2067 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Power Coordinated Control Method for Islanded Microgrids Based on Impedance Identification

by Yifan Wang, Shaohua Sun, Zhenwei Li, Runxin Yan and Ruifeng Xiao

Energies 2026, 19(3), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030857 - 6 Feb 2026

Viewed by 431

Abstract

Droop control is an effective power regulation method for islanded microgrids to cope with fluctuations in renewable energy and loads. However, its power coordination performance is easily affected by the line impedance. When virtual impedance is introduced to enhance impedance matching, fixed values struggle to adapt flexibly to varying grid conditions. To address this specific limitation, this paper proposes a novel power coordination control strategy based on real-time line impedance identification. The method first analyzes the power distribution principle and equilibrium conditions under droop control. Crucially, it then establishes a dynamic virtual impedance regulation mechanism. By continuously identifying the actual line impedance, the proposed strategy dynamically adjusts the virtual impedance, thereby reshaping the inverter’s output impedance in real-time to match the grid conditions. This approach directly enhances the inverter’s adaptability to impedance variations, which is the core challenge in robust power coordination. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to methods using fixed virtual impedance, the proposed strategy significantly improves power-sharing accuracy and system robustness under uncertainties such as fluctuating line impedance and load changes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 3304 KB

Open AccessArticle

Improved Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Energy Storage Converter

by Zicheng He, Guangchen Liu, Guizhen Tian, Hongtao Xia and Yan Wang

Energies 2026, 19(3), 597; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030597 - 23 Jan 2026

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 366

Abstract

To improve DC-bus voltage regulation of bidirectional DC/DC converters in photovoltaic–energy storage DC microgrids, this paper proposes an improved linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) strategy based on observation error reconstruction. In conventional LADRC, the linear extended state observer (LESO) is driven solely by the output tracking error, which may lead to weakened disturbance excitation after rapid error convergence and thus degraded disturbance estimation performance. To address this limitation, an observation error reconstruction mechanism is introduced, in which a reconstructed error variable incorporating higher-order estimation deviation information is used to redesign the LESO update law. This modification fundamentally enhances the disturbance-driving mechanism without excessively increasing observer bandwidth, resulting in improved mid- and high-frequency disturbance estimation capability. The proposed method is analyzed in terms of disturbance estimation characteristics, frequency-domain behavior, and closed-loop stability. Comparative simulations and hardware-in-the-loop experiments under typical load and photovoltaic power step variations within the safe operating range demonstrate that the proposed LADRC–PI significantly outperforms conventional PI and LADRC–PI control. Experimental results show that the maximum DC-bus voltage fluctuation is reduced by over 60%, and the voltage recovery time is shortened by approximately 40–50% under the tested operating conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids)

► Show Figures

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Advanced Control Methods for Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Photovoltaics, and Microgrids

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

Published Papers (7 papers)

Research

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI