Optimal Design and Advanced Control and Management for Electric Vehicle Battery Swapping Stations

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2025) | Viewed by 490

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Automation, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: electrified transportation technology; power control technology in microgrid; advanced control technology for renewable energy systems

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
Interests: advanced optimization control technology of new energy system; simulation and control of smart grid; key technologies of energy internet

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electric vehicle (EV) battery-swapping stations (BSSs) are an important aid in the rapid growth of transport electrification systems. BSSs are not only an efficient solution to the long waiting times at charging stations for EVs but also can be treated as distributed energy storage systems that can support the operation of regional power systems, such as peak shifting and frequency regulations. However, the requirement for satisfying the instantaneous replacement of batteries for EVs and supporting grid operations may conflict each other since both of them require a certain amount of battery capacity. In this case, the optimal design, advanced power control and management strategies for BSSs are emerging.

In this Special Issue, research contributions related to EV BSSs are welcome, particularly those covering the following topics:

  • Optimal sizing and location of BSSs;
  • Advanced charging and discharging techniques and equipment for BSSs;
  • Dynamic operation management strategies for BSSs;
  • Grid-supporting techniques of BSSs;
  • Stability analysis of regional power grid featuring distributed BSSs;
  • Reliability estimation and enhancing technology for BSSs.

Prof. Dr. Jiawei Chen
Dr. Changbin Hu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • electric vehicle
  • battery swapping station
  • optimal sizing
  • grid supporting
  • aggregation and regulation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 7471 KB  
Article
Analysis of Transition Mode Operation and Characteristic Curves in a Buck–Boost Converter for Unmanned Guided Vehicles
by Kai-Jun Pai, Chih-Tsung Chang and Tzu-Chi Li
Electronics 2025, 14(22), 4388; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14224388 - 10 Nov 2025
Viewed by 248
Abstract
This study presents the development of a buck–boost converter for application in unmanned guided vehicles (UGVs). The converter was designed with its input connected to a lithium iron phosphate battery pack and its output connected to an inverter. This configuration enabled the inverter, [...] Read more.
This study presents the development of a buck–boost converter for application in unmanned guided vehicles (UGVs). The converter was designed with its input connected to a lithium iron phosphate battery pack and its output connected to an inverter. This configuration enabled the inverter, which powered the drive motor, to receive a stable DC voltage, thereby mitigating the effects of battery voltage fluctuations and enhancing the overall system stability. A pulse-width modulation (PWM) controller was employed to regulate the developed buck–boost converter. During the transition from buck mode to buck–boost mode, both power MOSFETs were simultaneously turned on; however, the datasheet of the PWM controller did not provide operational details or characteristic curve analysis for this mode. Therefore, this study derived the relationship between voltage gain and duty cycle ratio for the transition mode. To analyze the input voltage versus duty cycle characteristics, the linear equation was employed. This analytical model was adjusted to meet different converter specifications developed for experimental validation. Furthermore, the external-connect test capacitor method was used to extract the equivalent parasitic inductance and capacitance present in the practical circuit of the buck–boost converter. Based on these parameters, a snubber circuit was designed and connected across the drain–source terminals of the power MOSFETs to suppress voltage spikes occurring at the junctions. Finally, the developed buck–boost converter prototype was installed on an unmanned guided vehicle to convert the power from the lithium battery pack into the input power required by two inverters. A computer host was used to control the motor speed. By measuring the output voltage and current of the buck–boost converter, its electrical functionality and performance specifications were verified. The dimensions of the developed UGV chassis prototype were 40 cm in length, 45 cm in width, and 18.3 cm in height. Full article
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