Phytoplankton Communities and Their Microbial Associates Under Climate Change and Anthropogenic Pressures

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Diversity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 600

Special Issue Editors

College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Interests: harmful algal blooms; diversity of dinoflagellates and their cysts; taxonomy of dinoflagellate
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Guest Editor
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Interests: harmful algal blooms; molecular ecology of dinoflagellates; microbiomes of dinoflagellates
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Phytoplankton, as the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, play a pivotal role in maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity. However, in recent decades, climate change, characterized by unprecedented increases in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global temperatures, has profoundly impacted the diversity and distribution of marine phytoplankton. These environmental alterations have led to significant shifts in species composition, with small-sized species, particularly those causing harmful algal blooms (HABs), becoming increasingly dominant in coastal and estuarine waters across the globe. The frequency, intensity, and duration of HABs have risen alarmingly, posing severe health risks to wildlife and humans, exacerbating ecological disasters, and resulting in considerable economic losses.

To develop effective management strategies, it is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms driving these changes. Various bacteria and fungi are intricately involved in the formation and decline of HABs, yet their interactions with phytoplankton and their responses to environmental perturbations remain incompletely elucidated. Metabarcoding, an advanced molecular technique, has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the species diversity of phytoplankton and their associated microbiomes, providing novel insights into these complex ecological interactions.

This Special Issue invites submissions of manuscripts that delve deeper into the diversity of phytoplankton species, the mechanisms underpinning HAB formation and decline, and the role of microbiomes in these processes. We warmly welcome manuscripts that employ innovative methodologies to explore the responses of phytoplankton and their microbiomes to climate change, illuminating the resilience and vulnerability of these ecosystems in the context of global environmental change. By sharing pioneering research and insights, we aim to foster a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems.

Dr. Zhangxi Hu
Dr. Yunyan Deng
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • marine phytoplankton
  • harmful algal blooms (HABs)
  • microbiome interactions
  • ecosystem resilience
  • metabarcoding
  • anthropogenic pressures
  • climate change

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1597 KiB  
Article
Different Ribotypes of Akashiwo sanguinea Harbor Distinct Bacterial Communities in Their Phycospheres
by Hanying Zou, Fengting Li, Jiaqi Lu, Zhangxi Hu, Lixia Shang, Ying Zhong Tang and Yunyan Deng
Diversity 2025, 17(6), 400; https://doi.org/10.3390/d17060400 - 5 Jun 2025
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Abstract
The unarmored dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea is a cosmopolitan harmful algal species known for forming intense blooms leading to mass mortality of fish, shellfish, and seabirds. Globally distributed populations of A. sanguinea have been classified into four ribotypes based on their characteristic sequences in [...] Read more.
The unarmored dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea is a cosmopolitan harmful algal species known for forming intense blooms leading to mass mortality of fish, shellfish, and seabirds. Globally distributed populations of A. sanguinea have been classified into four ribotypes based on their characteristic sequences in LSU rRNA gene and primary geographic distributions. In this study, we compared the bacterial communities co-existing with the six strains of A. sanguinea from China and the USA (belonging to two ribotypes) using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Generally, a bacterial microbiome with high diversity was found to be associated with laboratory-cultured A. sanguinea strains from different geographic origins. Based on ribotype classification, the six samples were divided into two groups (ribotype A: AsCHINA; ribotype C: AsUSA) for subsequent comparative analyses of their bacterial communities. Beta diversity analysis revealed a clear separation between the two groups, reflecting significant differences in bacterial community composition between the two ribotypes. Significantly higher abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was found in the AsUSA group, suggesting that ribotype C may benefit from external nitrogen sources provided by their bacterial associates. If this also holds true in natural environments, this nitrogen-fixing partnership likely confers a competitive advantage to ribotype C in oligotrophic offshore waters, and potentially extends bloom duration when environmental nitrogen is depleted. Our study raised the possibility that different ribotypes of A. sanguinea may harbor distinct prokaryotic microbiomes in their phycospheres under stable cultivation conditions. Further comprehensive comparison among more isolates across all four ribotypes is highly necessary to validate this hypothesis. Full article
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