Plant Adaptation and Survival Under Global Environmental Change

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Biogeography and Macroecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 1417

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Taxonomy, Ecology and Nature Protection Department, Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: biodiversity; conservation biology; species diversity; plant ecology; plant sociology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is dramatically altering the conditions of living on Earth, and plants—fundamental components of ecosystems—face increasingly diverse and complex challenges. Rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events are determining the capacity of plant species to adapt to their limits. These environmental stressors not only threaten individual species but also disrupt the structure and functioning of entire ecosystems.

Understanding how plants respond and adapt to these rapid changes is no longer just an academic concern—it is an urgent necessity. This knowledge is needed to maintain biodiversity, ensure global food security, and preserve essential ecosystem services on which both nature and human populations depend.

This Special Issue seeks to illuminate the genetic, ecological, and evolutionary dimensions of plant adaptation to climate change. We are particularly interested in studies that focus on the following:

  • Assess the impacts of climate change on plant distribution and phenology;
  • Track and predict changes in species distributions, especially towards higher latitudes and altitudes;
  • Analyzing changes in phenological patterns, such as flowering and fruiting periods;
  • Investigate biotic interactions and dynamics of invasive species;
  • Examine how invasive species out-compete native flora under changing climatic conditions;
  • Exploring plant–microbe interactions that contribute to plant resilience;
  • Understanding genetic and evolutionary responses to environmental stress;
  • Discovering genetic adaptations that confer tolerance to climate-related stressors;
  • Examine evolutionary responses of plant species to long-term climate change;
  • Develop and promote conservation and adaptation strategies;
  • Use seed banks and ex situ conservation methods to protect biodiversity;
  • Reduce deforestation and habitat loss in climate-sensitive regions;
  • Develop specific conservation strategies for vulnerable and endemic plant species.

We welcome contributions that employ diverse methodologies—from genomic analyses to field observations to predictive modeling—to build a comprehensive picture of how plants are responding to our rapidly changing world. The collection aims to not only advance scientific understanding but also to inform practical conservation and management solutions.

By bringing together cutting-edge research from across these disciplines, this Special Issue will provide timely insights into one of the most pressing ecological challenges of our era. We invite original research articles, reviews, and case studies that contribute meaningful new perspectives to this critical field of study.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Claudia D. Nicolae
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • plant adaptation
  • climate resilience
  • ecological evolution
  • species distributions
  • vegetation shifts
  • conservation genomics
  • climatic selection

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2662 KB  
Article
Multidimensional Scaling Analysis of Morphological Spike Traits in Local Wheat Genotypes from the Van Lake Basin
by Fevzi Altuner, Sana Jamal-Salih, Burak Özdemir, Erol Oral, Mehmet Mendes, Mehmet Ulker, Solmaz Najafi, Beatrice Farda and Loretta Pace
Diversity 2025, 17(9), 663; https://doi.org/10.3390/d17090663 - 22 Sep 2025
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Abstract
Wheat landraces are considered a valuable resource of potential phenotypic variation that could be used in germplasm improvement. Here, we examined 588 local wheat genotypes collected from farmers’ fields at 127 locations around Van Lake Basin and evaluated the morphological diversity and trait [...] Read more.
Wheat landraces are considered a valuable resource of potential phenotypic variation that could be used in germplasm improvement. Here, we examined 588 local wheat genotypes collected from farmers’ fields at 127 locations around Van Lake Basin and evaluated the morphological diversity and trait associations using Multidimensional Scaling Analysis. Spike and yield traits were measured and scored according to the UPOV and ICARDA phenotypic characterization criteria. Multidimensional Scaling Analysis divided the wheat samples into four main groups based on the number of spikelets (NOS), number of fertile spikelets (NFS), thousand-grain weight (TGW), and number of seeds per spike (NSS) and indicated a strong correlation between NOS and NFS. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the glume and awn color of most of the genotypes was black, and they were within the locally known Karakılçık group. Only two genotypes were excluded from the Karakılçık group; No. 231 was within the Geverik local wheat group, and genotype No. 579 was found to be Tir. The Hevidik and Kirik groups had the same spike color, but the Hevidik group had spikes similar to compactum wheat, whereas the Kirik group had larger spikes. Finally, genotype No. 57 varied from all other genotypes when all the measured traits were taken into consideration. Overall, the Van Lake Basin landraces combine broad similarity with meaningful phenotypic heterogeneity shaped by local environments and traditional on-farm selection. These findings provide practical cues for conservation efforts and for the use of landraces as valuable resources in future wheat breeding programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Adaptation and Survival Under Global Environmental Change)
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Review

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17 pages, 826 KB  
Review
Mechanisms and Impact of Acacia mearnsii Invasion
by Hisashi Kato-Noguchi and Midori Kato
Diversity 2025, 17(8), 553; https://doi.org/10.3390/d17080553 - 4 Aug 2025
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Abstract
Acacia mearnsii De Wild. has been introduced to over 150 countries for its economic value. However, it easily escapes from plantations and establishes monospecific stands across plains, hills, valleys, and riparian habitats, including protected areas such as national parks and forest reserves. Due [...] Read more.
Acacia mearnsii De Wild. has been introduced to over 150 countries for its economic value. However, it easily escapes from plantations and establishes monospecific stands across plains, hills, valleys, and riparian habitats, including protected areas such as national parks and forest reserves. Due to its negative ecological impact, A. mearnsii has been listed among the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species. This species exhibits rapid stem growth in its sapling stage and reaches reproductive maturity early. It produces a large quantity of long-lived seeds, establishing a substantial seed bank. A. mearnsii can grow in different environmental conditions and tolerates various adverse conditions, such as low temperatures and drought. Its invasive populations are unlikely to be seriously damaged by herbivores and pathogens. Additionally, A. mearnsii exhibits allelopathic activity, though its ecological significance remains unclear. These characteristics of A. mearnsii may contribute to its expansion in introduced ranges. The presence of A. mearnsii affects abiotic processes in ecosystems by reducing water availability, increasing the risk of soil erosion and flooding, altering soil chemical composition, and obstructing solar light irradiation. The invasion negatively affects biotic processes as well, reducing the diversity and abundance of native plants and arthropods, including protective species. Eradicating invasive populations of A. mearnsii requires an integrated, long-term management approach based on an understanding of its invasive mechanisms. Early detection of invasive populations and the promotion of public awareness about their impact are also important. More attention must be given to its invasive traits because it easily escapes from cultivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Adaptation and Survival Under Global Environmental Change)
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