Freshwater Biodiversity Hotspots in 2025

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Freshwater Biodiversity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 619

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CNRS, SETE (Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale) du CNRS à Moulis, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, 2 Route du cnrs, 09200 Moulis, France
Interests: freshwater biology; evolutionary ecology; host–parasite interactions; non-genetic inheritance; community and ecosystem ecology; eco-evolutionary dynamics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Freshwater ecosystems are vital reservoirs of global biodiversity, supporting a remarkable array of species and ecological processes. Despite covering less than 1% of the Earth’s surface, they are home to over 10% of all known species, including many which are endemic and highly specialized. However, these ecosystems face escalating threats from habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, and invasive species, leading to rapid biodiversity loss. In this context, identifying and conserving freshwater biodiversity hotspots—areas of exceptionally high species richness and ecological value—have become a global priority.

This Special Issue, titled “Freshwater Biodiversity Hotspots in 2025”, aims to explore the ecological significance, current status, and future prospects of these critical regions. We invite contributions that address key themes such as the identification of emerging hotspots, the impacts of environmental change on freshwater species and habitats, the role of functional diversity in ecosystem resilience, and innovative approaches to conservation and restoration. Studies may focus on specific taxa, ecosystems, or geographic regions, as well as interdisciplinary research which integrates ecological, social, and policy dimensions.

By gathering cutting-edge research, this Special Issue seeks to advance our understanding of freshwater biodiversity hotspots and provide actionable insights for their conservation. We welcome original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that contribute to this important dialogue. Join us in shaping strategies to protect these invaluable ecosystems for future generations.

Dr. Simon Blanchet
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • freshwater biodiversity
  • biodiversity hotspots
  • conservation strategies
  • climate change impacts
  • ecosystem resilience
  • species richness
  • genetic diversity
  • phylogenetic diversity
  • functional diversity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 2483 KiB  
Article
A Unionid Mussel Biodiversity Hotspot Experiencing Unexplained Declines: Evaluating the Influence of Chemical Stressors Using Caged Juveniles
by W. Aaron Wilson, Christine Bergeron, Jennifer Archambault, Jason Unrine, Jess Jones, Braven Beaty, Damian Shea, Peter R. Lazaro, Jody L. Callihan, Jennifer J. Rogers and W. Gregory Cope
Diversity 2025, 17(8), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/d17080503 - 22 Jul 2025
Viewed by 312
Abstract
Unionid mussel populations in a section of the Clinch River in Virginia, USA, has declined substantially, but the causes of the decline remain unknown. To investigate this zone of decline (ZOD), we deployed juvenile freshwater mussels (Villosa iris in 2012 and Lampsilis [...] Read more.
Unionid mussel populations in a section of the Clinch River in Virginia, USA, has declined substantially, but the causes of the decline remain unknown. To investigate this zone of decline (ZOD), we deployed juvenile freshwater mussels (Villosa iris in 2012 and Lampsilis fasciola in 2013) in both cages and silos at sites within the Clinch River System. We analyzed mussel tissues for trace element and organic contaminant concentrations, shells for trace elements, and environmental media (total water, dissolved water, particulate sediment, and bedload sediment) for both inorganic and organic contaminants. We found a few differences between mussels deployed in cages and those deployed in silos: survival was slightly lower in cages due to periodic sedimentation. Our results identified the ZOD based on the accumulation of trace elements (notably As, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Sr), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and δ15N enrichment, with especially high concentrations found in the human-impacted tributaries, Dumps Creek and Guest River. Some correlations were found between environmental media and both mussel tissues and shells. In particular, PAHs and Mn had several significant relationships between bioaccumulated concentrations and environmental concentrations. Finally, Co, Cu, Fe, and V in soft tissues negatively correlated with mussel growth, whereas bioaccumulated PAH concentrations correlated negatively with resident mussel densities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Freshwater Biodiversity Hotspots in 2025)
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