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Advances in Diagnostics of the Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery

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A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 10000

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sang Beom HAN

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Guest Editor

Department of Ophthalmology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon 24289, Korea
Interests: cornea; cataract; dry eye disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rapid development of new diagnostic technology enabled more precise and reproducible assessment of changes in anterior segment structures, such as, cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, anterior chamber and lens. Application of these technology has become essential for better diagnosis of anterior segment disorders. Use of novel imaging devices also contributed to the improvement of outcomes of cornea, cataract and refractive surgery. Therefore, introduction of new methods and devices would provide improved treatment outcomes as well as enhanced diagnostic accuracy in anterior segment disorders. Development of more reliable diagnostic criteria for anterior segment diseases, e.g., dry eye disease, would be helpful for more accurate diagnosis, which may result in better monitoring and treatment of the diseases.

In this special issue, research or review papers on the diagnosis of anterior segment disorder would be welcome. Any papers on devices or methods for assessment or visualization of anterior segment disorders would also be welcome.

Prof. Dr. Sang Beom HAN
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

anterior segment disorder
cornea
cataract
anterior segment imaging
refractive surgery

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 597 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Clinical Outcomes of Cataract Surgery in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome

by Donghyeon Lee, Charm Kim, Kyeongjoo Lee and Jin Kwon Chung

Diagnostics 2023, 13(1), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13010057 - 25 Dec 2022

Viewed by 2778

Abstract

This study compared the biometric accuracy and refractive outcomes, and ocular surface changes after cataract surgery in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS, S group), non-SS dry eye patients (D group), and healthy controls (C group). The medical records of patients who underwent cataract surgery and met certain inclusion criteria were reviewed. In total, 167 eyes of 87 patients were enrolled. Refractive parameters were analyzed via optical biometry and combined ultrasound biometry and automated refractokeratometry. The mean absolute errors (MAEs), the uncorrected distance visual acuities (UDVAs), changes in the ocular staining score (OSS), and anterior chamber cell grades were compared for 12 months postoperatively. The S group evidenced more severe and persistent OSS exacerbation after cataract surgery; the OSS returned to baseline by 3 months postoperatively. The mean keratometric values showed a significant linear correlation. There was no significant intergroup difference in either the MAEs (p > 0.530) or anterior chamber inflammation (p > 0.436). The postoperative UDVA of the S group was poorer than that of the C group from 3 months postoperatively (p < 0.047) but not different from that of the D group (p > 0.311). With preoperative ocular surface optimization and optimal postoperative treatment of superficial keratitis, the refractive outcomes of SS patients were comparable to those of other groups and the postoperative UDVA was not inferior to that of non-SS dry eye patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics of the Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery)

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17 pages, 5386 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Role of Widefield and Ultra Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Vitreoretinal Diseases

by Matteo Ripa, Lorenzo Motta, Teresa Florit, Jean-Yves Sahyoun, Veronika Matello and Barbara Parolini

Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2247; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092247 - 17 Sep 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2813

Abstract

Background: This study reports on the advantages of wide-field (WF)- and ultra-widefield (UWF)- optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in managing different vitreoretinal diseases in a real-life setting using the new WF—Swept Source (SS)—OCT Xephilio S1 (Canon, Tokyo, Japan). Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective case series study involving 1472 eyes that underwent retinal scans with Canon Xephilio^® OCT-S1 between 1 March 2021 and 1 December 2021 at Eyecare Clinic (Brescia, Italy). All patients underwent routine ophthalmologic examinations along with WF and UWF color fundus retinography with Clarus 500™ (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, USA) and Xephilio^® OCT-S1. WF SS-OCT, UWF-OCT, WF-OCTA, and UWF-OCTA were taken by using Xephilio^® OCT-S1. Results: We analyzed 122 peripheral retinal lesions, 144 retinal detachment, 329 high myopic eyes, 37 pediatric cases, 60 vascular retinopathies, 15 choroidal lesions, and 90 eyes as follow-up post vitreoretinal surgery. The OCT-S1 was the only reliable and diagnostic exam for peripheral lesions, pediatric and high myopic cases, and significantly influenced the management in 10% of cases and the postoperative follow-up. Conclusions: WF and UWF OCT and OCTA imaging may help in the management of several vitreoretinal diseases, becoming an indispensable tool for the high-quality management of patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics of the Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery)

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9 pages, 1426 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characterization of Dysfunctional Lens Index and Opacity Grade in a Healthy Population

by Elena Martínez-Plaza, Pedro Ruiz-Fortes, Roberto Soto-Negro, Carlos J. Hernández-Rodríguez, Ainhoa Molina-Martín, Alfonso Arias-Puente and David P. Piñero

Diagnostics 2022, 12(5), 1167; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051167 - 07 May 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1480

Abstract

This study enrolled 61 volunteers (102 eyes) classified into subjects < 50 years (group 1) and subjects ≥ 50 years (group 2). Dysfunctional Lens Index (DLI); opacity grade; pupil diameter; and corneal, internal, and ocular higher order aberrations (HOAs) were measured with the i-Trace system (Tracey Technologies). Mean DLI was 8.89 ± 2.00 and 6.71 ± 2.97 in groups 1 and 2, respectively, being significantly higher in group 1 in all and right eyes (both p < 0.001). DLI correlated significantly with age (Rho = −0.41, p < 0.001) and pupil diameter (Rho = 0.20, p = 0.043) for all eyes, and numerous internal and ocular root-mean square HOAs for right, left, and all eyes (Rho ≤ −0.25, p ≤ 0.001). Mean opacity grade was 1.21 ± 0.63 and 1.48 ± 1.15 in groups 1 and 2, respectively, with no significant differences between groups (p ≥ 0.29). Opacity grade significantly correlated with pupil diameter for right and all eyes (Rho ≤ 0.33, p ≤ 0.013), and with some ocular root-mean square HOAs for right and all eyes (Rho ≥ 0.23, p ≤ 0.020). DLI correlates with age and might be used complementary to other diagnostic measurements for assessing the dysfunctional lens syndrome. Both DLI and opacity grade maintain a relationship with pupil diameter and internal and ocular HOAs, supporting that the algorithms used by the device may be based, in part, on these parameters. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics of the Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery)

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15 pages, 1647 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Three-Dimensional Heads-Up vs. Standard Operating Microscope for Cataract Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Matteo Ripa, Nikolaos Kopsacheilis, Kanellina Kanellopoulou, Mikes Nomikarios and Lorenzo Motta

Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2100; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092100 - 30 Aug 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2031

Abstract

Background: The surgical time duration, the postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and the incidence rate of intraoperative complications, alongside the vision and posturing parameters, were estimated by systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the three-dimensional (3D) heads-up visualization system (HUVS) and standard operating microscope (SOM) in cataract surgery. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus on 26 June 2022. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was used to present postoperative BCVA and the mean surgical time duration, whereas the risk ratio (RR) was used to present the incidence rate of intraoperative complications. Publication bias was evaluated with Egger’s test. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Tool for randomized clinical trials, the methodological index for non-randomized, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the risk of bias. The research has been registered with the PROSPERO database (identifier, CRD42022339186). Results: In the meta-analysis of five studies with 1021 participants, the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) of the postoperative BCVA showed no significant difference between patients who underwent HUVS versus SOM cataract surgery (WMD = −0.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.01 −0.02). In the meta-analysis of nine studies with 5505 participants, the pooled WMD of mean surgical time duration revealed no significant difference between patients who underwent HUVS versus SOM cataract surgery (WMD = 0.17, 95% CI: −0.43–0.76). In the meta-analysis of nine studies with 8609 participants, the pooled risk RR associated with intraoperative complications was 1.00 (95% CI, 1.00–1.01). Conclusions: 3D HUVS and SOM provide comparable surgical time duration, postoperative BCVA, and incidence rate of intraoperative complications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnostics of the Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery)

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