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Diagnostics
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Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Surgical Oncology
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Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Surgical Oncology

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2025) | Viewed by 2867

Editor

Dr. Spiros G. Delis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Surgery, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
Interests: surgical oncology; hepato-biliary surgery; pancreatic surgery; multi-organ transplant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Surgical oncology is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field at the intersection of innovative diagnostics, precision surgical techniques, and personalized medicine. This Special Issue, “Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Surgical Oncology”, aims to showcase the latest that are shaping modern cancer care.

Recent innovations in imaging modalities—including CT, MRI, and PET—have significantly enhanced tumor detection, staging accuracy, and postoperative monitoring. Minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as robotic and laparoscopic procedures, have transformed treatment paradigms by reducing complications, shortening recovery, and maintaining oncologic efficacy.

The integration of targeted therapies and immunotherapies into multimodal treatment strategies is expanding the scope and timing of surgical intervention. Meanwhile, emerging technologies like genomic profiling, liquid biopsies, and AI-driven surgical planning are reshaping the future of surgical oncology. AI applications, in particular, are contributing to improved preoperative decision-making, enhanced intraoperative precision, and more accurate postoperative prognostication. Likewise, molecular diagnostics are enabling increasingly tailored therapeutic strategies.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles, reviews, and clinical case reports that explore state-of-the-art techniques, multidisciplinary approaches, and novel technologies in surgical oncology. We welcome contributions that address both clinical practice and translational science, with the goal of advancing surgical outcomes and setting the foundation for the next era of precision oncology.

We look forward to your valuable contributions.

Faithfully,

Dr. Spiros Delis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • surgical oncology
  • surgical techniques
  • medical imaging
  • personalized medicine

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 805 KB  
Article
The Accuracy and Sensitivity of Delta Neutrophil Index in Malignancy: Diagnostic Study of Different Types
by Hüseyin Emre Tepedelenlioğlu, Hüseyin Bilgehan Çevik, Özgen Ahmet Yildirim, Ahmet Kürşat Güneş, Erkan Akgün and Hanife Avcı
Diagnostics 2025, 15(24), 3187; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15243187 - 13 Dec 2025
Viewed by 529
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The delta neutrophil index (DNI)—a hematology analyzer-derived measure of circulating immature granulocytes—may assist pre-biopsy decision-making, yet its behavior across tumor types is incompletely defined. We examined whether pre-biopsy DNI differs by pathology category, tumor class, and definitive histology, and evaluated diagnostic performance. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The delta neutrophil index (DNI)—a hematology analyzer-derived measure of circulating immature granulocytes—may assist pre-biopsy decision-making, yet its behavior across tumor types is incompletely defined. We examined whether pre-biopsy DNI differs by pathology category, tumor class, and definitive histology, and evaluated diagnostic performance. Methods: In this retrospective, single-center cohort, consecutive inpatients with malignancy were screened (n = 2009). Exclusions included positive blood cultures, prior chemotherapy/radiotherapy before index labs, and lack of definitive pathology, yielding 1313 analyzable cases. All laboratories, including DNI, were obtained before diagnostic biopsy. DNI was assessed as a continuous variable and categorized (Zero = 0; High > 0.6). Groupwise differences used Kruskal–Wallis and χ2 tests with FDR control; discrimination used ROC analyses (one-versus-rest/pairwise). Results: DNI distributions differed across pathology, tumor class, and definitive diagnoses (all p < 0.001). High DNI (>0.6) and Zero DNI (=0) proportions also varied significantly by grouping. Hematologic malignancies showed the highest DNI (median ~1.0) compared with sarcoma and carcinoma (medians ~0.4). Using DNI alone, one-versus-rest AUCs were 0.735 (hematologic), 0.692 (melanoma), 0.672 (sarcoma), and 0.652 (carcinoma); the strongest pairwise separation was hematologic versus sarcoma (AUC 0.780). For specific solid tumors, including breast and renal cell carcinoma, single-marker discrimination was modest; no clinically actionable RCC cutoff emerged. Sensitivity analyses restricted to culture-negative cases yielded consistent findings. Conclusions: Pre-biopsy DNI exhibits tumor-type-dependent variation and provides adjunct diagnostic signal—the strongest for hematologic malignancy—yet is insufficient alone for solid tumor subtyping. Integration with clinical assessment and routine biomarkers, and multi-center validation with device harmonization are warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Surgical Oncology)
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Review

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25 pages, 633 KB  
Review
Diagnosis and Surgical Management for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Requiring Vascular Resection
by Solonas Symeou, Evangelos D. Lolis and Georgios K. Glantzounis
Diagnostics 2026, 16(1), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16010102 - 28 Dec 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1991
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most aggressive malignancies, with overall survival outcomes that have improved only modestly in recent years. Careful preoperative evaluation is essential for defining resectability and planning surgery. Modern imaging modalities, including high-resolution, contrast-enhanced CT, MRI and [...] Read more.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most aggressive malignancies, with overall survival outcomes that have improved only modestly in recent years. Careful preoperative evaluation is essential for defining resectability and planning surgery. Modern imaging modalities, including high-resolution, contrast-enhanced CT, MRI and endoscopic ultrasound, provide a detailed assessment of vascular involvement and allow accurate staging according to various international criteria and consensus statements. In borderline and locally advanced cases, neoadjuvant therapy can aid in downsizing the tumor and increasing the likelihood of achieving negative margin resection (R0), offering long-term survival along with quality of life. When vascular invasion limits resectability, venous resection and reconstruction may permit an R0 resection in patients with borderline resectable disease that is both technically operable and physiologically tolerable for the patient. Arterial resection, however, remains controversial and is rarely justified because of its limited perioperative and survival benefits. Arterial divestment has emerged as an interesting alternative, allowing tumor clearance while avoiding full arterial reconstruction. Vascular reconstructions can be achieved through venorrhapy, end-to-end anastomosis, or segmental replacement using either autologous or synthetic grafts. With the advances in neoadjuvant treatment, the appropriate selection of candidates for vascular resection significantly increases the resectability rate, offering long-term survival along with satisfactory quality of life. In this review, a detailed literature review is performed regarding the best strategies in the diagnosis and surgical management of patients with borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer requiring vascular resection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Surgical Oncology)
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