Dear Colleagues,

Diagnostic and therapeutic options for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been steadily increasing in recent years. The incorporation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies in the diagnosis of AML allowed for improving risk stratification and therapeutic planning in AML patients. Furthermore, NGS was shown to be able to contribute as well monitor diagnostics during or after treatment, which is currently being explored in clinical studies. Targeted therapies are increasingly available, with IDH1 and IDH2 inhibitors, as well as with an expanding arsenal of FLT3 inhibitors. Vyxeos®, providing a fixed combination of daunorubicin and cytarabine, has been approved for intensive induction therapy of patients with therapy-associated AML, secondary AML following MDS, and de novo AML with MDS-related changes. Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin, a monoclonal CD33 antibody, may be added to intensive induction chemotherapy. For patients who cannot tolerate intensive induction, the combination of hypomethylating agents with venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, has improved response rates, and the addition of targeted compounds is currently explored. Maintenance therapies are increasingly applied to patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Researchers are exploring options for CAR-T cell therapies for AML, and clinical studies exploring the potential of the anti-CD47 blockade in AML patients are on their way. These and closely related approaches are the focus of this Special Issue of Current Oncology.

Prof. Dr. Vera Ulrike Bacher
Prof. Dr. Thomas Pabst
Dr. Georg Stüssi
Guest Editors

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• acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
• diagnostics
• targeted therapies
• immunotherapy
• maintenance therapy