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Climate Change and Variability Impacts on Agriculture and Water Resources Sectors

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A special issue of Climate (ISSN 2225-1154).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 22395

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jong Ahn Chun

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Guest Editor

Climate Research Department, APEC Climate Center, Busan, Korea
Interests: hydrological and water quality modelling; uncertainty in model predictions; surface hydrology; flow and solute transport modelling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Hen-I Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research (CIER), Taipei, Taiwan
Interests: natural resource and environmental economics; agricultural economics; climate change economics; cost and benefit analysis for policy evaluation; biosecurity

Dr. Daeha Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Koera
Interests: hydrologic prediction in ungauged basins; modelling with remote-sensing datasets; uncertainty analysis of hydrological model parameters; integrated river basin modelling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate-related extremes, including heatwaves, droughts, floods, and wildfires, have become more frequent and detrimental over the past decades, causing serious damages to agriculture and water resources. Furthermore, the increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events is generally connected to climate change. A better understanding of the interdependency of climate, water, and food may be required to efficaciously reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and variability.

For this Special Issue of Climate, we welcome original and innovative research papers focusing on the impact of climate change on agricultural production and water resources and on climate-related risks for these sectors in the context of climate change. In addition, papers on a cross-sectoral approach for an efficacious adaptation to climate change are encouraged. We expect that this Special Issue will contribute to the enhancement of food and water security.

Dr. Jong Ahn Chun
Dr. Hen-I Lin
Dr. Daeha Kim
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Climate is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

climate change and variability
climate extremes
food security
water security
adaptation
cross-sectoral approach

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 70212 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Peaches Detection Using a Deep Learning Technique—A Contribution to Yield Estimation, Resources Management, and Circular Economy

by Eduardo T. Assunção, Pedro D. Gaspar, Ricardo J. M. Mesquita, Maria P. Simões, António Ramos, Hugo Proença and Pedro R. M. Inacio

Climate 2022, 10(2), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli10020011 - 18 Jan 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3191

Abstract

Fruit detection is crucial for yield estimation and fruit picking system performance. Many state-of-the-art methods for fruit detection use convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This paper presents the results for peach detection by applying a faster R-CNN framework in images captured from an outdoor orchard. Although this method has been used in other studies to detect fruits, there is no research on peaches. Since the fruit colors, sizes, shapes, tree branches, fruit bunches, and distributions in trees are particular, the development of a fruit detection procedure is specific. The results show great potential in using this method to detect this type of fruit. A detection accuracy of 0.90 using the metric average precision (AP) was achieved for fruit detection. Precision agriculture applications, such as deep neural networks (DNNs), as proposed in this paper, can help to mitigate climate change, due to horticultural activities by accurate product prediction, leading to improved resource management (e.g., irrigation water, nutrients, herbicides, pesticides), and helping to reduce food loss and waste via improved agricultural activity scheduling. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Change and Variability Impacts on Agriculture and Water Resources Sectors)

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16 pages, 2771 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sensitivity of Winter Barley Yield to Climate Variability in a Pleistocene Loess Area

by Kurt Heil, Sebastian Gerl and Urs Schmidhalter

Climate 2021, 9(7), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli9070112 - 6 Jul 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2880

Abstract

Global climate change is predicted to increase temperatures and change the distribution of precipitation. However, there is high uncertainty regarding the regional occurrence and intensity of climate change. Therefore, this work examines the effects of climate parameters on the long-term yields of winter barley and assesses the parameters affecting plant development throughout the year and in specific growth phases. The investigation was carried out in an area with Pleistocene loess, a highly fertile site in Germany. The effect of climate on crop yields was modeled with monthly weather parameters and additional indices such as different drought parameters, heat-related stress, late spring frost, early autumn frost, and precipitation-free periods. Residuals and yield values were treated as dependent variables. The residuals were determined from long-term yield trends using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method. The results indicated that temperature and precipitation are significant in all calculations in all variants, but to a lesser degree when considered as sums or mean values, compared with specific indices (e.g., frost-alternating days, the temperature threshold, the precipitation intensity, rain-free days, the early/late frost index, and the de Martonne–Reichel dryness index). The inter-annual variations in crop yields were mainly determined by the prevailing climatic conditions in winter as well as the transition periods from the warmer season to winter and vice versa. The main winter indices were the temperature threshold, frost-alternating days, and precipitation intensity. During the main growth periods, only the precipitation intensity was significant. These findings can be attributed to the high available field water capacity of this site, which overcomes the need for summer precipitation if the soil water storage is replenished during winter. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Change and Variability Impacts on Agriculture and Water Resources Sectors)

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23 pages, 8598 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Climatic Parameters for Future Climate Change in a Major Agricultural State in India

by Ranjeet Kumar Jha, Prasanta K. Kalita and Richard A. Cooke

Climate 2021, 9(7), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli9070111 - 1 Jul 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3927

Abstract

The change in future climate will have a prominent impact on crop production and water requirement. Crop production is directly related to climatic variables. Temperature, solar radiation, wind, precipitation, CO₂ concentration and other climatic variables dictate crop yield. This study, based on long-term historical data, investigates the patterns and changes in climatic variables (precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation) that would most significantly affect the future crop production in many parts of the world, and especially in India, where most farmers depend on rainfall for rice production. Statistical analyses—box and whisker plot, mean absolute error, Taylor diagram, double mass curve, Mann–Kendall trend test, and projected climate change—were used to assess the significance of the climatic factors for the purpose of agricultural modeling. Large variability in precipitation may cause the flash floods and affect the farming, and at the same time, increase in temperature from baseline period will lead to high water requirement by crops, and may cause drought if rainfall does not occur. Decrease in solar radiation will affect crop growth and development, and thus, would hamper the crop production. The results of this study would be useful in identifying the negative issues arising from climate change in future agricultural practices in Bihar, India. Furthermore, the results can also help in developing management strategies to combat the climate change impact on crop production. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Change and Variability Impacts on Agriculture and Water Resources Sectors)

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Review

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35 pages, 2894 KiB

Open AccessReview

Status of Food Security in East and Southeast Asia and Challenges of Climate Change

by Hen-I Lin, Ya-Yin Yu, Fang-I Wen and Po-Ting Liu

Climate 2022, 10(3), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli10030040 - 14 Mar 2022

Cited by 35 | Viewed by 11463

Abstract

This review briefly summarizes the situation regarding food security in East and Southeast Asia. In accordance with the World Food Summit definition and 2009 Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, the four pillars of food security—food availability, access to food, the stability of food supplies, and food utilization—are closely scrutinized along with the characteristics of food security at the sub-regional level. Historical trends for the agricultural economy and the food trade, such as food imports and exports, production and consumption, and the food price index in the sub-region, are presented and statistically analysed. Additionally, because agricultural industry in this region is vulnerable to climate change, issues about how climate change affects food security in food production systems, agricultural livelihoods, nutrition, and food policy making, which can be linked to the four pillars in different ways, are also discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Change and Variability Impacts on Agriculture and Water Resources Sectors)

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