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Climate Variability in the Mediterranean Region (Second Edition)
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Climate Variability in the Mediterranean Region (Second Edition)

A special issue of Climate (ISSN 2225-1154). This special issue belongs to the section "Climate Dynamics and Modelling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 3791

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Nir Y. Krakauer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
Interests: climate change; water resources planning; groundwater; land–atmosphere interaction; sustainable agriculture; urban ecological design; carbon cycle monitoring; renewable energy resource assessment; probabilistic forecasting; data assimilation; model uncertainty assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the overwhelming support and interest in the previous Special Issue (SI), we are introducing a second edition of “Climate Variability in the Mediterranean Region”. We would like to thank all of the authors and co-authors who contributed to the success of the first edition of this SI.

The Mediterranean is a region with rugged topography, with dominantly winter precipitation alongside summer aridity, unique biodiversity, and a long human history. The landscape has been shaped by pronounced climate variability over timescales from seasons to millennia. Currently, the region is a climate change hotspot and is experiencing challenges ranging from drought and fire to intense floods and water quality concerns. Understanding climate variability and its impacts requires the integration of observational (in situ and remote sensing), simulation, and statistical methods. This Special Issue welcomes submissions across disciplines including archaeology and paleoclimatology, meteorology, the modelling of climate variability and change, hydrologic and geomorphologic aspects, biology and ecology, the social sciences, and urban studies. We are particularly seeking contributions that provide fresh perspectives, apply novel tools to regional problems, and set climate variability and change in broader contexts.

Dr. Nir Y. Krakauer
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Climate is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Africa
  • aridity
  • Asia
  • climate variability and change
  • climate–society nexus
  • Europe
  • hydrology
  • land cover and land-use change
  • teleconnections
  • urban climate

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3175 KB  
Article
From Descriptive Records to Instrumental Measurements: Addressing Inhomogeneities in the 250-Year Fog Time Series of Padua
by Claudio Stefanini, Francesca Becherini, Antonio della Valle, Fabio Zecchini and Dario Camuffo
Climate 2025, 13(11), 224; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13110224 - 30 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1078
Abstract
The fog in Padua, Italy, is the result of a complex interplay between local climate, pollution and synoptic-scale meteorological conditions. The modern definition of “fog” was adopted by the World Meteorological Organization, founded in 1950. Prior to that, no precise visibility threshold had [...] Read more.
The fog in Padua, Italy, is the result of a complex interplay between local climate, pollution and synoptic-scale meteorological conditions. The modern definition of “fog” was adopted by the World Meteorological Organization, founded in 1950. Prior to that, no precise visibility threshold had been established, and early meteorological observers recorded its occurrence based on subjective criteria. The meteorological observations made in Padua since the mid-18th century include sky conditions and fog, but the distinction between fog and mist was undefined, making it difficult to compare records from different observers. Caution is therefore needed when analyzing fog occurrence to distinguish the climate signal from observational artifacts. For instance, at the Specola Observatory in Padua from 1773 to 1913, the fog that appeared only on the horizon—but not at the zenith—was often disregarded, since vertical visibility was crucial for astronomical observations. Starting from 1920, other manned stations began providing systematic fog records, which have continued to the present. The aim of this study is to reconstruct the occurrence of fog in Padua since the late 18th century. As available datasets —observational and instrumental—partly overlap in time, and data from nearby locations are available, it is possible to assess their mutual consistency, to evaluate the reliability of historical visual observations, and to investigate fog variability and trend over time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Variability in the Mediterranean Region (Second Edition))
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31 pages, 18162 KB  
Article
Recovery and Reconstructions of 18th Century Precipitation Records in Italy: Problems and Analyses
by Antonio della Valle, Francesca Becherini and Dario Camuffo
Climate 2025, 13(6), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13060131 - 19 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2168
Abstract
Precipitation is one of the main meteorological variables in climate research and long records provide a unique, long-term knowledge of climatic variability and extreme events. Moreover, they are a prerequisite for climate modeling and reanalyses. Like all meteorological observations, in the early period, [...] Read more.
Precipitation is one of the main meteorological variables in climate research and long records provide a unique, long-term knowledge of climatic variability and extreme events. Moreover, they are a prerequisite for climate modeling and reanalyses. Like all meteorological observations, in the early period, every observer used a personal measuring protocol. Instruments and their locations were not standardized and not always specified in the observer’s metadata. The situation began to change in 1873 with the foundation of the International Meteorological Committee, though the complete standardization of protocols, instruments, and exposure was reached in 1950 with the World Meteorological Organization. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the methodology needed to recover and reconstruct early precipitation records and to provide high-quality dataset of precipitation usable for climate studies. The main issues that have to be addresses are described and critically analyzed based on the longest Italian precipitation series to which the methodology was successfully applied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Variability in the Mediterranean Region (Second Edition))
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