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Climate
Special Issues
Climate System Modelling and Observations
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Climate System Modelling and Observations

A special issue of Climate (ISSN 2225-1154).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 3995

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Zhenya Song

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
First Institute of Oceanography, and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
Interests: ocean and climate simulation; high-performance computing; machine learning applications; short-term climate prediction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change directly or indirectly affects various research fields. Since the pioneering work carried out in 1960s and 1970s, the climate model has become a critical tool to improve our understanding of climate change from seasonal to even longer timescales. We could use climate modeling tools to study the climate system, its components, and their interaction behavior. Models of the various components of the climate system may be coupled to produce increasingly complex models, such as the Earth system model, which is the nucleus of the most complex atmosphere and ocean models, and carbon cycle processes. Advanced climate modeling and observations can improve accurate prediction of climate change and long-term trends.

To further our understanding of our climate changing system, we are calling for original research papers related to climate modeling and observations in this Special Issue. This includes the multidisciplinary exercise of global climate models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs), mitigation studies of extreme weather events, more sophisticated future predictions and projections of the earth system by coupling with other Earth system components, and some new artificial intelligence, such as artificial neural networks, random forest, and support vector machines. 

Prof. Dr. Zhenya Song
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Climate is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate model
  • earth system model
  • numerical modeling
  • climate dynamics
  • climate observations
  • climate variability
  • extreme weather and climate events
  • climate prediction
  • climate projection
  • artificial intelligence

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 25462 KiB  
Article
Characterizing Northeast Africa Drought and Its Drivers
by Mark R. Jury
Climate 2023, 11(6), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli11060130 - 10 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1450
Abstract
This study explores the drivers of drought over northeast (NE) Africa as represented by monthly ERA5 potential evaporation during 1970–2022. The comparisons with surface heat flux and A-pan measurements suggest that potential evaporation quantifies moisture deficits that lead to drought. A principal component [...] Read more.
This study explores the drivers of drought over northeast (NE) Africa as represented by monthly ERA5 potential evaporation during 1970–2022. The comparisons with surface heat flux and A-pan measurements suggest that potential evaporation quantifies moisture deficits that lead to drought. A principal component (PC) analysis of potential evaporation has the following leading modes: PC-1 in the Nile Basin and PC-2 in the Rift Valley. Time scores were filtered and regressed onto fields of SST, netOLR, and 500 hPa zonal wind to find teleconnections, and drought composites were analyzed for anomalous structure. The results identify that cold-phase Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) couples with the overlying zonal Walker circulation. Deep easterly winds subside at −0.1 m/s over the west Indian Ocean and NE Africa, causing desiccation that spreads westward from the Rift Valley via diurnal heat fluxes. Insights are gained on IOD modulation based on the Pacific ENSO, but long-range forecasts remain elusive. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate System Modelling and Observations)
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15 pages, 5963 KiB  
Article
The Western Pacific North Equatorial Countercurrent Responses to Two Forms of El Niño during the Period 1978 to 2017
by Yusuf Jati Wijaya, Ulung Jantama Wisha and Yukiharu Hisaki
Climate 2022, 10(10), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli10100136 - 20 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2022
Abstract
This research aims to examine how the Western Pacific North equatorial countercurrent (NECC) flow reacts to two different forms of El Niño (EN) over a 40-year period. To establish the prevailing modes for each season, we implemented Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on [...] Read more.
This research aims to examine how the Western Pacific North equatorial countercurrent (NECC) flow reacts to two different forms of El Niño (EN) over a 40-year period. To establish the prevailing modes for each season, we implemented Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on the eastward current component of the Ocean Reanalysis System 5 (ORAS5) dataset. In comparison to the Central Pacific (CP) episode, the time series principal component of the first mode (PC1) demonstrated that the strongest NECC’s magnitude often emerged during the development period (spring to fall) of the Eastern Pacific (EP) EN event. However, in episode CP 2002/2003, we witnessed an abnormal behavior in which the stronger NECC manifested. This was due to the emergence of a strong anomalous westerly wind, which differed from other CP events and forced the NECC’s magnitude to be greater. When approaching the peak stage, on the other hand, the magnitude of the NECC during the CP episode was typically greater than that of the EP episode. The NECC’s magnitude fell greatly in the second year of the EP episode, particularly during the spring season, since most EP episodes would transition into an La Niña (LN) event in the succeeding event. During the EP EN, it was found that the strength of the westerly wind had a bigger effect on the NECC than during the CP EN. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate System Modelling and Observations)
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