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Molecular Research in Osteoarthritis and Osteoarticular Diseases, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 1727

Special Issue Editor

Laboratory of Skeletal Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, 333 Bostwick Avenue NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
Interests: osteoarthritis; osteoclasts; bone homeostasis; skeletal stem cells; energy metabolism; bioinformatics; epigenetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For many years, osteoarthritis and osteoarticular diseases have been the most common diseases affecting the aging population, characterized by the dysregulation of bone homeostasis and deformations of bone and cartilage structures. A good balance between anabolism and catabolism maintains the homeostasis of bone and cartilage metabolism. However, under pathological conditions, this balance is disrupted and transformed into a state of metabolic imbalance, leading to diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.

Currently, of all the tissues that make up synovial joints, articular cartilage remains the focus of research. But cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, and the interactions between these tissues are core components in osteoarthritis development. Low-grade inflammation and metabolic changes occur as individuals age, and it is the interplay between different cells, their environment, and mechanical and molecular factors that make this disease process so complex.

Following the first edition, this second edition still hopes to explore recent advances at the molecular level in osteoarthritis and bone and joint diseases. It focuses on understanding the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of the disease, molecular mechanisms underlying bone metabolism and cartilage metabolism, new therapeutic strategies, cutting-edge technologies, and emerging trends in treatment. By fostering collaboration among experts, we will enable further study od the underlying mechanisms of osteoarthritis and bone and joint diseases and discover new drugs or target proteins for the treatment of these diseases and their eventual regeneration.

Dr. Ye Liu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • osteoarthritis
  • cartilage regeneration
  • bioinformatics
  • biomarkers
  • inflammation
  • cartilage
  • metabolic imbalance

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 6156 KB  
Article
Integrated Analysis of Proteomics and Metabolomics Uncovered the Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Baicalin in CIA Rat FLS
by Li Wang, Si Yao, Jing Wang, Yuxin Yang, Tiansong Wang, Maiyan Hai, Wei Zhang, Na Wang and Qiaofeng Wan
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2026, 48(1), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48010111 - 20 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent synovitis, in which fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) serve as the primary effector cells that drive the destruction of joints. Baicalin has previously demonstrated efficacy in significantly ameliorating joint symptoms in rats with CIA. [...] Read more.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent synovitis, in which fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) serve as the primary effector cells that drive the destruction of joints. Baicalin has previously demonstrated efficacy in significantly ameliorating joint symptoms in rats with CIA. As such, this study aims to investigate its underlying molecular mechanisms and impact on the FLSs of rats with CIA through an integrated proteomics and transcriptomics analysis. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was conducted based on two datasets; it revealed that the retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway—associated with susceptibility to RA—is the only one involved in both the signaling and metabolic processes modulated by baicalin. Nineteen differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) downregulated by baicalin comprise seventeen subunits of NADH dehydrogenase and two receptors, glutamate receptor 2 (GRIA2) and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 (GABRA5). Three differential metabolites (DMs) were also affected by baicalin: γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were upregulated and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was downregulated. Our findings suggest that the baicalin-mediated alleviation of joint synovitis is closely related to the upregulation of GABA and PC; downregulation of GRIA2, GABRA5, and PE; and preservation of mitochondrial homeostasis within the retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway in FLSs. Full article
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Review

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22 pages, 1000 KB  
Review
Self-Assembled Hydrogels: A Novel Drug Delivery System for Osteoarthritis
by Hongjuan Wen, Xintong Gu, Kuo Wen, Weibo Qin, Yiwen Geng, Meilun Wang, Chaoya Yang, Qi Wang, Ning Cui and Da Liu
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2026, 48(2), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020211 - 14 Feb 2026
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease of the musculoskeletal system worldwide. Self-assembled hydrogels, as a novel drug delivery system, have demonstrated significant advantages in the treatment of OA. Through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, and π-π stacking, [...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease of the musculoskeletal system worldwide. Self-assembled hydrogels, as a novel drug delivery system, have demonstrated significant advantages in the treatment of OA. Through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, and π-π stacking, these hydrogels spontaneously form a three-dimensional network structure under physiological conditions without the need for chemical crosslinking agents, offering excellent biocompatibility, injectability, and controllable degradation properties. This system enables in -situ gelation within the joint, minimally invasive injection, sustained and controlled drug release, and intelligent responsive release. It is suitable for various delivery forms, including single-drug targeted delivery, exosome-based composite synergistic delivery, and microenvironment-responsive precise delivery, effectively inhibiting inflammation and promoting cartilage repair. Despite facing challenges in clinical translation, such as consistency in large-scale production, long-term safety evaluation, and regulatory standards, continued optimization in material design and preparation processes holds promise for self-assembled hydrogels to become a key platform for precise and minimally invasive OA treatment, offering new solutions for joint disease therapy. Full article
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