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Molecular Mechanisms and Innovations in Antimicrobial Resistance

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2026) | Viewed by 1148

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses one of the most urgent challenges to global health, driven by the rapid adaptation of pathogens to existing treatments. At the molecular level, understanding the genetic, epigenetic, and biochemical mechanisms underlying resistance is essential for developing next-generation diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies.

This Special Issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (section Molecular Microbiology) aims to bring together cutting-edge research exploring the molecular basis of AMR across diverse pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. We invite molecular biologists, microbiologists, geneticists, bioinformaticians, clinical researchers, and pharmaceutical scientists to contribute original research articles, reviews, and short communications. Topics of interest include genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, structural biology, systems biology, and synthetic biology approaches elucidating resistance mechanisms, evolutionary dynamics, and molecular interactions.

Special emphasis will be given to studies linking AMR with personalized medicine, including approaches that integrate the genomic and molecular profiling of pathogens, and in some cases, the host, to guide precision antimicrobial therapies. By highlighting molecular innovations and resistance pathways, this Special Issue seeks to bridge fundamental research and clinical application, fostering translational insights for novel antimicrobial therapies and resistance mitigation strategies.

Prof. Dr. Rúben Fernandes
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
  • molecular mechanisms
  • genomics
  • personalized medicine
  • resistance mechanisms
  • translational research

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2157 KB  
Article
In Vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil Against ESBL-Producing Strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae
by Andrea González Carrión, Mónica Espadero Bermeo, Inés Malo Cevallos and Ronny Ricardo Alejandro
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2026, 48(4), 373; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48040373 - 3 Apr 2026
Viewed by 371
Abstract
One of the greatest threats to global public health is antimicrobial resistance (AMR), due to the increasing number of infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL-producing bacteria possess resistance mechanisms that inactivate β-lactam antibiotics by hydrolyzing their [...] Read more.
One of the greatest threats to global public health is antimicrobial resistance (AMR), due to the increasing number of infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL-producing bacteria possess resistance mechanisms that inactivate β-lactam antibiotics by hydrolyzing their β-lactam ring, thereby limiting conventional therapeutic options. In response to this problem, the objective of this exploratory in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare (oregano) essential oil and its interaction with the antibiotic cefepime using in vitro methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed, including determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration by the microdilution method with statistical analysis, and evaluation of the fractional inhibitory concentration index using the checkerboard method. In addition, advanced methods such as MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for bacterial identification and PCR were employed for the identification of resistance genes. The studied strains exhibited both phenotypic and genotypic resistance. The MIC of the essential oil was 1024 µg/mL for ESBL-producing E. coli and 2048 µg/mL for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, whereas the ATCC strains showed higher susceptibility. The FICI values indicated synergism in E. coli (FICI = 0.188) and an additive effect in K. pneumoniae (FICI = 0.563). Oregano essential oil exhibits antimicrobial activity and the ability to potentiate the effect of cefepime, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic adjuvant. Additional studies are required, including a larger number of strains, cytotoxicity analyses, and clinical validation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Innovations in Antimicrobial Resistance)
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