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Advances in Microbiota in Human Health and Diseases

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2025 | Viewed by 160

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
UFP—Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal
Interests: medical oncology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in human microbiota research and its impact on health and diseases. This Special Issue will deliver an up-to-date overview of the composition of the human microbiota across various body ecosystems, encompassing the gut, skin, oral cavity, and even other organs. It will explore the intricate interactions between the microbiota and the human immune system, shedding light on how the microbiota can influence immune responses and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, it delves into the multifaceted role of the microbiota in digestion and metabolism, with a focus on their impact on conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. Additionally, this Special Issue will explore the involvement of the microbiota in mental health, particularly the correlation between the gut microbiota and neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Further, we seek to provide insights into the potential of microbiota-based therapeutic strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, in the treatment of various diseases. Lastly, discussions surrounding the ethical and regulatory challenges tied to microbiota research and its applications are welcome.

This Special Issue welcomes articles that address a variety of hot-topics related to the human microbiota, such as the following:

  • Gut microbiota and its implications for digestion, nutrient absorption, and metabolism;
  • Skin microbiota and its relationship with skin diseases;
  • Oral microbiota and its influence on oral and systemic health;
  • Vaginal microbiota and its role in gynecological health;
  • Pulmonary microbiota and its impact on respiratory conditions;
  • Microbiota and autoimmune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis;
  • Microbiota and its contribution to cardiovascular health;
  • Microbiota and neuropsychiatric health, including depression, anxiety, and neurodegenerative diseases;
  • Microbiota-based therapies, including fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, and prebiotics;
  • Challenges in microbiota research, including DNA sequencing techniques, metagenomics and data analysis;
  • Ethical and regulatory issues related to microbiota research and application.

Dr. Pedro Barata
Prof. Dr. Rúben Fernandes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbiota
  • probiotics
  • prebiotics
  • fecal microbiota transplantation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 881 KiB  
Article
The Importance of Gram-Negative Rods in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
by Magdalena Ratajczak, Tatiana Fijalkowska-Ratajczak, Dorota Kaminska, Małgorzata Leszczyńska and Jolanta Dlugaszewska
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(11), 6108; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15116108 - 29 May 2025
Viewed by 70
Abstract
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects 5.5–28% of the population and is primarily an inflammatory disease, with microbiota potentially playing a key role. Understanding microbial pathogens and resistance patterns is crucial for effective management. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of Gram-negative rods [...] Read more.
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects 5.5–28% of the population and is primarily an inflammatory disease, with microbiota potentially playing a key role. Understanding microbial pathogens and resistance patterns is crucial for effective management. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of Gram-negative rods in CRS in adults as a part of a prospective microbiological study. Methods: Over one year, paranasal sinus mucosa samples from CRS patients and nasal concha samples from controls were analyzed. Cultivable bacterial flora was assessed using culture-based methods. Biofilm formation was evaluated via a microtiter-plate assay, and antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method. Results: Tissue samples from 74 CRS patients and 47 controls yielded 198 bacterial strains. Gram-positive cocci dominated, while Gram-negative rods accounted for 17.6%, with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Citrobacter spp. being most common. All Gram-negative rods formed biofilms in vitro. They were susceptible to cefotaxime, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, and meropenem but showed varying sensitivity to ampicillin (20–67%), tigecycline (40–57%), and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (73–83%). Conclusions: The result of this study underlines that treatment of CRS should be based on the result of drug susceptibility testing of the isolated microorganism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Microbiota in Human Health and Diseases)
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