Pediatric Inherited Metabolic Diseases: The Challenge Continues

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Translational Pediatrics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2025) | Viewed by 1151

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Pediatric Unit, Department Hosipital Woman & Child, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
Interests: pediatric metabolic disease; pediatric endocrinology; neonatology; congenital abnormalities; congenital adrenal hyperplasia; disorders of sex development

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Guest Editor Assistant
Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, University Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
Interests: pediatric metabolic disease; pediatric endocrinology; newborn screening; public health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inherited Metabolic Diseases (IMDs) are an expanding group of rare diseases caused by genetic defects in various biochemical pathways, leading to disrupted metabolism and the accumulation of usually toxic intermediate metabolites.

In recent decades, this field of study has undergone an extraordinarily rapid revolution in the number of known pathologies, diagnostic methods, clinical approaches, and therapeutic interventions. Expanded newborn screening and the constant improvement of genetic investigations have exponentially increased the number of diagnoses made and the children in follow-up. New enzyme and gene therapies show great promise in improving the clinical outcome of our patients as never before in our history. These new realities have also opened many new challenges, which scientists are working on in medical research.

This Special Issue will focus on IMDs in pediatrics and report new findings regarding their clinical, biochemical, and genetic presentations, as well as information about the management and outcomes.

Dr. Rita Ortolano
Guest Editor

Dr. Egidio Candela
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • pediatric inherited metabolic disease
  • newborn screening
  • genetic disorders
  • gene therapy
  • tandem mass
  • urea cycle

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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9 pages, 685 KB  
Case Report
Identification of a Novel Nonsense Mutation in the IGSF1 Gene Reveals Sex-Specific Phenotypic Variability Within a Single Family
by Rosario Ruta, Nicoletta Massaccesi, Mafalda Mucciolo, Alessandro Sparaci, Enrica Fabbrizi and Antonio Novelli
Children 2025, 12(12), 1682; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12121682 - 11 Dec 2025
Viewed by 539
Abstract
Background: The immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 (IGSF1) gene encodes for a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in crucial processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproductive function. Loss-of-Function (LOF) mutations in the IGSF1 gene have been reported to cause the X-linked IGSF1 deficiency [...] Read more.
Background: The immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 (IGSF1) gene encodes for a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in crucial processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproductive function. Loss-of-Function (LOF) mutations in the IGSF1 gene have been reported to cause the X-linked IGSF1 deficiency syndrome, a rare genetic condition that primarily affects males, characterized by hypothyroidism, macroorchidism, delayed puberty, obesity, and infertility. Case Report: In this study, we identified a novel hemizygous nonsense IGSF1 variant c.1989G>A (p.Trp663Ter) in a male patient who initially presented with growth impairment and growth hormone deficiency (GHD), with a positive family history on the maternal lineage. Notably, the proband does not present with macroorchidism, a feature typically associated with IGSF1 deficiency. The variant was also found in his heterozygous sister, who presented with isolated growth hormone deficiency, and in his mother, who displayed hypertension and thyroid dysfunction but no significant growth impairment. Discussion: This phenotypic variability suggests a differential expression of IGSF1-related symptoms depending on zygosity and sex within the same family, probably explained by X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in females, which can lead to varying degrees of functional IGSF1 expression in different tissues. Conclusions: This case highlights the intrafamilial phenotypic variability associated with IGSF1 mutations, illustrating differences between male and female carriers and highlighting the importance of genetic testing in patients with similar clinical presentations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Inherited Metabolic Diseases: The Challenge Continues)
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