Novel Insights into Molecular Mechanisms and Therapy of Soft Tissue Sarcomas

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Tissues and Organs".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 December 2024) | Viewed by 1907

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
2. Department of Radiotherapy, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Interests: radiotherapy; rhabdomyosarcoma; epigenetics; transcription regulation; tumor genetics; targeted therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
2. Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Interests: drug resistance; rhabdomyosarcoma; epigenetics; transcriptional regulation; pharmacogenomics; targeted therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) represent a cluster of uncommon malignant neoplasms originating from embryonic mesenchymal tissues that give rise to cartilage, muscle, blood vessels, nerves, and adipose tissue. More than 50 distinct subcategories of STSs have been identified, with certain subtypes showing a predilection for affecting children, while others predominantly affect adults. STSs exhibit substantial diversity at the cellular and genomic levels, encompassing subgroups primarily distinguished by chromosomal translocations or genetic anomalies, along with others characterized by limited genomic deviations.

In spite of recent advancements in therapeutic strategies, achieving effective local control of tumors in aggressive forms remains challenging, and the prognosis for patients with metastatic disease remains unfavorable. However, certain cutting-edge technologies have enabled the comprehensive identification of molecular mechanisms associated with different STS subtypes. Altered molecular mechanisms influenced by transcriptional, post-transcriptional or post-translational regulators have been implicated in crucial biological pathways in STSs. The identification of dysregulations at the molecular levels that confer vulnerabilities to therapeutic interventions is yielding new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, offering the potential to enhance clinical management.

This Special Issue invites submissions of high-quality original research and review articles centered on fundamental and translational research that shares insights on regulatory networks in both adult and pediatric STSs, and unveil novel mechanisms underpinning the pathogenesis and progression of STSs, ultimately offering novel avenues to enhance patient outcomes, particularly with regard to radiotherapy and drug resistance.

Dr. Matteo Cassandri
Dr. Silvia Pomella
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • soft tissue sarcoma
  • molecular genetics
  • epigenetics 
  • gene expression 
  • ncRNA 
  • post-transcriptional regulations 
  • post-translational modifications 
  • targeted therapy 
  • drug resistance 
  • molecular biomarkers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

21 pages, 811 KiB  
Review
Dysregulation of miRNAs in Soft Tissue Sarcomas
by Stefano Zoroddu, Angela Lucariello, Antonio De Luca and Luigi Bagella
Cells 2024, 13(22), 1853; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13221853 - 8 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1444
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal regulators of gene expression, influencing key cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metastasis. In the realm of sarcomas—a diverse group of malignant tumors affecting soft tissues and bone sarcomas—miRNAs have emerged as crucial players in tumorigenesis and [...] Read more.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal regulators of gene expression, influencing key cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metastasis. In the realm of sarcomas—a diverse group of malignant tumors affecting soft tissues and bone sarcomas—miRNAs have emerged as crucial players in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. This review delves into the intricate roles of miRNAs across various soft tissue sarcoma subtypes, including rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, angiosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). We explore how dysregulated miRNAs function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, modulating critical pathways that define the aggressive nature of these cancers. Furthermore, we discuss the diagnostic and prognostic potential of specific miRNAs and highlight their promise as therapeutic targets. By understanding the miRNA-mediated regulatory networks, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current research while pointing towards future directions for miRNA-based therapies. Our findings underscore the potential of miRNAs to transform the landscape of sarcoma treatment, offering hope for more precise, personalized, and effective therapeutic strategies. Full article
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