Regulatory T Cells and Autoimmunity

Dear Colleagues,

The intricate balance between immune defense and self-tolerance is a fundamental pillar of our immune system. It prevents the immune system from attacking the body's tissues and controls excessive immune responses that could harm the host. This equilibrium is maintained by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and specialized CD4+ T cells that express forkhead box transcription factor (Foxp3), which perform immunosuppressive functions. Tregs are indispensable for upholding immune stability and preventing autoimmune reactions, making them vital participants in immune homeostasis and self-tolerance. A dysregulation of Tregs reduces their immunosuppressive functions, ultimately triggering the onset and progression of numerous autoimmune diseases.

The therapeutic potential of Tregs has been demonstrated in preclinical models of autoimmune diseases. However, significant scientific and clinical challenges must be addressed before Treg-based therapies can be widely implemented. It is therefore crucial to understand the function of Tregs in regulating immune responses during autoimmune diseases and reinstating self-tolerance. This is valuable for gaining deeper insights into the mechanisms behind Treg dysfunction in autoimmunity and enhancing the effectiveness of Treg-based therapies.

This Special Issue aims to highlight recent advances in the role of Tregs in autoimmune diseases. We encourage contributions that explore the cellular and molecular aspects of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg development, maintenance, and function, with a central focus on the evolving landscape of Treg-based therapeutic approaches in autoimmune disease.

Dr. Fan Pan
Guest Editor

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