Neuroinflammation in Developmental Brain Diseases

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cells of the Nervous System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 1550

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics PRI, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, USA
Interests: inflammation; oxidative injury; neuroinflammation; neurodevelopment; hypoxia ischemia; endothelial injury
Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
Interests: oligodendrocytes development; myelination; neuron-glia communication; developmental diseases

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, 570 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
2. Department of Neurology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
3. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
Interests: autism; neurodevelopmental disorders; epilepsy; cannabinoids; axon guidance; genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Several neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, intellectual disability, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders, communication disorders, cerebral palsy or schizophrenia have been linked to early life neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Neuroinflammation is also a critical component of the CNS immunity. Persistent of this process becomes damaging, and ultimately perturbing cytokine-mediated normal immunity. Brain oxidative stress and uncontrolled microglial activation may result in immune dysfunction, vascular inflammation, disrupting the blood brain barrier, recruiting inflammatory cells and further escalating the inflammatory process and impacting CNS development. These processes have been shown to contribute to cognitive impairment, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, anxiety and depression. We invite original research articles, reviews, or shorter perspective articles on all aspects related to the theme of this special issue entitled: “Neuroinflammation in Developmental Brain Diseases”. Expert articles describing mechanistic, functional, cellular, biochemical, or general aspects of neuroinflammation and its consequences on CNS development and diseases are highly welcome.

Dr. Evelyne Gozal
Dr. Jun Cai
Prof. Dr. Gregory Neal Barnes
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neuroinflammation
  • endothelial injury
  • blood brain barrier
  • microglia
  • immune dysfunction
  • oxidative stress
  • autism spectrum disorders
  • epilepsy
  • cerebral palsy
  • schizophrenia
  • neurodevelopment
  • neurovascular brain signaling
  • inflammatory cytokines
  • immune cells

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 759 KiB  
Review
Antioxidant Bioactive Agents for Neuroprotection Against Perinatal Brain Injury
by Virginia Beretta, Elena Scarpa, Silvia Carloni, Chiara Petrolini, Valentina Dell’Orto, Sebastiano Ravenda and Serafina Perrone
Cells 2025, 14(11), 818; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14110818 - 31 May 2025
Viewed by 616
Abstract
Physiological oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in supporting proper growth and development. While moderate oxidative stress is essential for activating key metabolic pathways and maintaining normal cellular signaling, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) can overwhelm the immature antioxidant systems of [...] Read more.
Physiological oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in supporting proper growth and development. While moderate oxidative stress is essential for activating key metabolic pathways and maintaining normal cellular signaling, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) can overwhelm the immature antioxidant systems of newborns, potentially leading to cellular damage and impaired physiological function. This vulnerability is particularly pronounced in the central nervous system, where limited detoxification capacity exacerbates the risk of oxidative damage, following hypoxic–ischemic events. Antioxidants agents—such as melatonin, erythropoietin, allopurinol, N-acetylcisteine, selenium, iminobiotin, taurine, and acetyl-L-carnitine—have demonstrated significant neuroprotective effects in preclinical experimental studies, reducing markers of oxidative injury and improving neurological outcomes. These neuroprotective agents have also been evaluated in clinical trials, demonstrating antioxidant effects. A major issue lies in the complexity of neurological damage, which is not associated with a single pathological pathway. Additionally, the inability of these agents to reach effective concentrations within the central nervous system, along with inconsistencies across clinical trials in terms of dosage and administration methods, hinders the ability to obtain robust results. Future efforts should therefore focus on the development of delivery systems capable of crossing the blood–brain barrier and on establishing standardized clinical trial protocols and study designs. This educational review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging protective strategies, including antioxidant bioactive agents and nutritional interventions. It also explores the underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress and its impact on neonatal brain injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuroinflammation in Developmental Brain Diseases)
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