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Cancers
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Role of Inflammation in Prostate Cancer
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Role of Inflammation in Prostate Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Tumor Microenvironment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 9709

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sharon Glynn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
Interests: breast cancer; prostate cancer; epidemiology; inflammation; redox; pathology; human endogenous retroviruses; cell signalling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prostate cancer is a multifocal, complex disease involving the deregulation of androgen receptor signalling. It is increasingly being recognised that inflammation and lifestyle greatly influence the carcinogenesis and progression of prostate cancer. In particular, this is relevant to the development of metastatic disease and treatment resistance. With advances in in vitro techniques, pre-clinical models, and tumour multiplex imaging, we have the opportunity to unravel the role of inflammation in prostate cancer.

This Special Issue of Cancers on the “Role of Inflammation in Prostate Cancer” welcomes submissions from authors on topics including, but not limited to, the following: (1) lifestyle and prostate cancer risk; (2) inflammatory mediators in prostate cancer; (3) tumour–stromal–immune interactions in prostate cancer; (4) impact of inflammation on treatment responses; (4) castrate-resistant prostate cancer; and (5) metastatic progression.

Dr. Sharon Glynn
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • inflammation
  • immune response
  • tumour microenviroment
  • biomarkers
  • therapeutics
  • radiotherapy
  • molecular pathogenesis
  • multiplex imaging
  • microbiota
  • lifestyle

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 2316 KiB  
Article
Circulating Tumour Cell Numbers Correlate with Platelet Count and Circulating Lymphocyte Subsets in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer: Data from the ExPeCT Clinical Trial (CTRIAL-IE 15-21)
by Brian Hayes, Lauren Brady, Gráinne Sheill, Anne-Marie Baird, Emer Guinan, Bryan Stanfill, Jean Dunne, Dean Holden, Tatjana Vlajnic, Orla Casey, Verena Murphy, John Greene, Emma H. Allott, Juliette Hussey, Fidelma Cahill, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Nicola Peat, Lorelei A. Mucci, Moya Cunningham, Liam Grogan, Thomas Lynch, Rustom P. Manecksha, John McCaffrey, Dearbhaile M. O’Donnell, Orla Sheils, John J. O’Leary, Sarah Rudman, Ray McDermott and Stephen Finnadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Cancers 2021, 13(18), 4690; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13184690 - 18 Sep 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2457
Abstract
Interactions between circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and platelets are thought to inhibit natural killer(NK)-cell-induced lysis. We attempted to correlate CTC numbers in men with advanced prostate cancer with platelet counts and circulating lymphocyte numbers. Sixty-one ExPeCT trial participants, divided into overweight/obese and normal [...] Read more.
Interactions between circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and platelets are thought to inhibit natural killer(NK)-cell-induced lysis. We attempted to correlate CTC numbers in men with advanced prostate cancer with platelet counts and circulating lymphocyte numbers. Sixty-one ExPeCT trial participants, divided into overweight/obese and normal weight groups on the basis of a BMI ≥ 25 or <25, were randomized to participate or not in a six-month exercise programme. Blood samples at randomization, and at three and six months, were subjected to ScreenCell filtration, circulating platelet counts were obtained, and flow cytometry was performed on a subset of samples (n = 29). CTC count positively correlated with absolute total lymphocyte count (r2 = 0.1709, p = 0.0258) and NK-cell count (r2 = 0.49, p < 0.0001). There was also a positive correlation between platelet count and CTC count (r2 = 0.094, p = 0.0001). Correlation was also demonstrated within the overweight/obese group (n = 123, p < 0.0001), the non-exercise group (n = 79, p = 0.001) and blood draw samples lacking platelet cloaking (n = 128, p < 0.0001). By flow cytometry, blood samples from the exercise group (n = 15) had a higher proportion of CD3+ T-lymphocytes (p = 0.0003) and lower proportions of B-lymphocytes (p = 0.0264) and NK-cells (p = 0.015) than the non-exercise group (n = 14). These findings suggest that CTCs engage in complex interactions with the coagulation cascade and innate immune system during intravascular transit, and they present an attractive target for directed therapy at a vulnerable stage in metastasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Inflammation in Prostate Cancer)
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Review

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18 pages, 544 KiB  
Review
Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Opportunities for Treatment and Prevention
by Lanshan Huang, Melissa J. LaBonte, Stephanie G. Craig, Stephen P. Finn and Emma H. Allott
Cancers 2022, 14(6), 1367; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14061367 - 08 Mar 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3489
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a major cause of disease for men globally. Inflammation, an established hallmark of cancer, is frequently observed in the prostate, though its contribution to prostate cancer risks and outcomes is not fully understood. Prostate cancer is biologically and clinically heterogeneous, [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer is a major cause of disease for men globally. Inflammation, an established hallmark of cancer, is frequently observed in the prostate, though its contribution to prostate cancer risks and outcomes is not fully understood. Prostate cancer is biologically and clinically heterogeneous, and there is now evidence that inflammation and immunological characteristics vary by the genomic and mutational landscape of the tumor. Moreover, it is now recognized that risk factor profiles vary between tumor subgroups, as defined by histopathological and molecular features. Here, we provide a review centered around the relationship between inflammation and prostate cancer, with a consideration of molecular tumor features and a particular focus on the advanced and lethal stages of disease. We summarize findings from epidemiological studies of the etiology and role of inflammation in prostate cancer. We discuss the pathology of prostate inflammation, and consider approaches for assessing the tumor immune microenvironment in epidemiological studies. We review emerging clinical therapies targeting immune biology within the context of prostate cancer. Finally, we consider potentially modifiable risk factors and corresponding lifestyle interventions that may affect prostate inflammation, impacting outcomes. These emerging insights will provide some hints for the development of treatment and prevention strategies for advanced and lethal prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Inflammation in Prostate Cancer)
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15 pages, 1283 KiB  
Review
Immune Inflammation Pathways as Therapeutic Targets to Reduce Lethal Prostate Cancer in African American Men
by Maeve Kiely and Stefan Ambs
Cancers 2021, 13(12), 2874; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13122874 - 09 Jun 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3134
Abstract
Despite substantial improvements in cancer survival, not all population groups have benefitted equally from this progress. For prostate cancer, men of African descent in the United States and England continue to have about double the rate of fatal disease compared to other men. [...] Read more.
Despite substantial improvements in cancer survival, not all population groups have benefitted equally from this progress. For prostate cancer, men of African descent in the United States and England continue to have about double the rate of fatal disease compared to other men. Studies suggest that when there is equal access to care, survival disparities are greatly diminished. However, notable differences exist in prostate tumor biology across population groups. Ancestral factors and disparate exposures can lead to altered tumor biology, resulting in a distinct disease etiology by population group. While equal care remains the key target to improve survival, additional efforts should be made to gain comprehensive knowledge of the tumor biology in prostate cancer patients of African descent. Such an approach may identify novel intervention strategies in the era of precision medicine. A growing body of evidence shows that inflammation and the immune response may play a distinct role in prostate cancer disparities. Low-grade chronic inflammation and an inflammatory tumor microenvironment are more prevalent in African American patients and have been associated with adverse outcomes. Thus, differences in activation of immune–inflammatory pathways between African American and European American men with prostate cancer may exist. These differences may influence the response to immune therapy which is consistent with recent observations. This review will discuss mechanisms by which inflammation may contribute to the disparate outcomes experienced by African American men with prostate cancer and how these immunogenic and inflammatory vulnerabilities could be exploited to improve their survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Inflammation in Prostate Cancer)
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