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Advances in Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2026 | Viewed by 807

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Hematology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
Interests: acute myeloid leukemia; cancer; hematology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy characterized by molecular heterogeneity. A deeper understanding of the immunobiology of acute myeloid leukemia is driving the development of innovative treatment strategies. Immunotherapy is considered a highly attractive strategy for controlling and eliminating the disease. In recent years, a variety of treatment protocols for AML, based on immune-mediated therapeutic mechanisms, have been developed.

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue entitled "Advances in Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia". This Special Issue aims to shed light on current pitfalls and areas of improvement of immunotherapy for AML.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include, but are not limited to, the development of immunotherapy for AML (Antibody-Based Therapy, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, CAR-T Cell Therapy, etc.)

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Pau Montesinos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • acute myeloid leukemia
  • immunotherapy
  • immune response
  • T-cell
  • cellular therapies
  • immune checkpoint inhibitors
  • treatment

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 4259 KB  
Article
Modulation of Leukemic Blasts into Dendritic Cells (DCleu) and Their Role in Predicting Survival in Patients with AML and MDS
by Daniel Christoph Amberger, Zuzana Fischer, Diana Deen, Anika Hirn-Lopez, Caroline Plett, Alexander Rabe, Christoph Schwepcke, Selda Ugur, Lara Kristina Klauer, Christian Ansprenger, Anja Liepert, Markus Freudenreich, Christoph Schmid and Helga Maria Schmetzer
Cancers 2026, 18(5), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18050847 - 6 Mar 2026
Viewed by 549
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by impaired anti-leukemic immune responses, and the ex vivo or in vivo generation of dendritic cells (DCs), including leukemic dendritic cells (DCleu), represents a promising strategy to stimulate immune cells and improve anti-leukemic activity. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by impaired anti-leukemic immune responses, and the ex vivo or in vivo generation of dendritic cells (DCs), including leukemic dendritic cells (DCleu), represents a promising strategy to stimulate immune cells and improve anti-leukemic activity. Methods: This study examined the generation, phenotype and functional relevance of DCs and DCleu produced ex vivo from blast-containing PBMNCs and whole blood (WB) in AML. Using both standard DC/DCleu-generating protocols and available Kits. Results: We show that DC/DCleu can be reliably generated with both methods. Generated DC/DCleu effectively activated T cells during mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs), resulting in enhanced anti-leukemic cytotoxicity. Improved blast lysis correlated with specific immunological features, including higher frequencies of generated DCleu and mature DC subsets, as well as a certain cytokine pattern after DC/DCleu cultures or MLC. In addition, the frequencies of proliferating T cells after MLC strongly correlated with the degree of achieved blast lysis, underscoring the importance of efficient DC/DCleu-mediated T cell stimulation. Both the frequencies of generated DC/DCleu and the resulting blast lytic activity were linked to overall survival (OS) in AML patients. Individuals who failed to demonstrate improved blast lysis exhibited significantly reduced OS, suggesting inadequate immune responsiveness of patients in vivo. Conclusions: These findings identify phenotypic and functional immune parameters as predictors of clinical outcome and highlight the prognostic relevance of ex vivo immune profiling. This approach may help to optimize and personalize future immunotherapeutic strategies in AML. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia)
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