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The Future of Radiation Research in Cancers, 2nd Edition
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The Future of Radiation Research in Cancers, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Methods and Technologies Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 4699

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lisa Deloch

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Radiation Osteoimmunology, Translational Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
Interests: osteoimmunology; radiation research; low-dose radiotherapy; arthritis; radiation biology; radiation protection; X-rays
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Johann Matschke

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
Interests: metabolism; radiation response; tumor microenvironment; hypoxia; DNA repair
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Michael Rückert

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Radiation Immunobiology Group, Translational Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
Interests: immunology; immune checkpoint molecules; cancer vaccines; radiotherapy, immune cells; immunotherapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The future of radiation research is a highly translational research area that integrates specific expertise in various areas of cancer and radiation biology, physics, experimental and clinical (radio)-oncology, and computational biology. The mission is to create strong added value and potential for innovation in the internationally emerging field of molecular personalization in radiation oncology by creating synergies through teamwork.

In order to move forward within this highly translational research field and the future of radiation science, it is important to foster the development of advanced model systems, technical methods, and novel approaches as well as the improvement of existing therapy strategies. All of these improvements will need to focus on both tumor and normal tissue responses with the aim to gain a better understanding of the underlying molecular effects, helping to ultimately improve the outcome and survival in patients.

This Special Issue aims to highlight (translational) innovative approaches with a special focus on young scientists contributing to the development in the field of radiation research including original basic and translational research, technical developments, and novel model systems, as well as clinical studies on various tumor types and from different scientific backgrounds and review articles covering the following major topics:

  1. FundamentalMechanisms in (Bio)Physics and DNA Repair 
  2. Radiobiology of Non-Ionisingand High-LET Radiation 
  3. Novel Strategies for Modulating Tumor Response and Anti-Tumor Immune Reactions
  4. Translational Research—from Bench to Bedside
  5. Radiation Response and Radiation Protection in Non-Malignant Cells and Normal Tissues

Related topics are also highly welcome.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: translational research, (bio)physics, radiation biology, clinical (radio)-oncology, and computational biology.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Lisa Deloch
Dr. Johann Matschke
Dr. Michael Rückert
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • radiation research
  • cancer biophysics
  • ionizing radiation
  • immune system
  • radiotherapy
  • (radio)immunotherapy
  • (radio)chemotherapy
  • normal tissue response

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 4327 KiB  
Article
Interval Analysis-Based Optimization: A Robust Model for Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT)
by Andrés Camilo Sevilla-Moreno, María Eugenia Puerta-Yepes, Niklas Wahl, Rafael Benito-Herce and Gonzalo Cabal-Arango
Cancers 2025, 17(3), 504; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030504 - 3 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 962
Abstract
Background: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with radiotherapy playing a crucial role in its treatment. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) enables precise dose delivery to tumors while sparing healthy tissues. However, geometric uncertainties such as patient positioning errors and [...] Read more.
Background: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with radiotherapy playing a crucial role in its treatment. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) enables precise dose delivery to tumors while sparing healthy tissues. However, geometric uncertainties such as patient positioning errors and anatomical deformations can compromise treatment accuracy. Traditional methods use safety margins, which may lead to excessive irradiation of healthy organs or insufficient tumor coverage. Robust optimization techniques, such as minimax approaches, attempt to address these uncertainties but can result in overly conservative treatment plans. This study introduces an interval analysis-based optimization model for IMRT, offering a more flexible approach to uncertainty management. Methods: The proposed model represents geometric uncertainties using interval dose influence matrices and incorporates Bertoluzza’s metric to balance tumor coverage and organ-at-risk (OAR) protection. The θ parameter allows controlled robustness modulation. The model was implemented in matRad, an open-source treatment planning system, and evaluated on five prostate cancer cases. Results were compared against traditional Planning Target Volume (PTV) and minimax robust optimization approaches. Results: The interval-based model improved tumor coverage by 5.8% while reducing bladder dose by 4.2% compared to PTV. In contrast, minimax robust optimization improved tumor coverage by 25.8% but increased bladder dose by 23.2%. The interval-based approach provided a better balance between tumor coverage and OAR protection, demonstrating its potential to enhance treatment effectiveness without excessive conservatism. Conclusions: This study presents a novel framework for IMRT planning that improves uncertainty management through interval analysis. By allowing adjustable robustness modulation, the proposed model enables more personalized and clinically adaptable treatment plans. These findings highlight the potential of interval analysis as a powerful tool for optimizing radiotherapy outcomes, balancing treatment efficacy and patient safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Radiation Research in Cancers, 2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 972 KiB  
Article
Retrospective Analysis of Efficacy and Toxicity of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Surgical Resection of Adrenal Metastases from Solid Tumors
by Jamie Lütscher, Hans Gelpke, Adrian Zehnder, Laetitia Mauti, Christian Padevit, Hubert John, Nidar Batifi, Daniel Rudolf Zwahlen, Robert Förster and Christina Schröder
Cancers 2024, 16(15), 2655; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16152655 - 26 Jul 2024
Viewed by 913
Abstract
Background: This single-center retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profiles of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and surgical resection in patients with adrenal metastases originating from solid tumors. Methods/Materials: Patients with advanced tumor conditions or comorbidities typically received SBRT, whereas those [...] Read more.
Background: This single-center retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profiles of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and surgical resection in patients with adrenal metastases originating from solid tumors. Methods/Materials: Patients with advanced tumor conditions or comorbidities typically received SBRT, whereas those considered physically fit underwent standard surgical treatment. Endpoints included local control (LC), progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and complication rates (CR). Results: 41 patients with 48 adrenal metastases were included, with 27 (65.9%) patients receiving SBRT and 14 (34.1%) patients undergoing adrenalectomy. One- and two-year LC values were 100% for both periods after adrenalectomy, and 70.0% and 52.5% after SBRT (p = 0.001). PFS showed values of 40.2% and 32.1% at one and two years after adrenalectomy and of 10.6% for both periods after SBRT (p = 0.223). OS was 83.3% both one and two years after surgery and 67.0% and 40.2% after SBRT (p = 0.031). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding acute complications (p = 0.123). Conclusion: Despite potential confounders, adrenalectomy exhibited statistically significant superior LC and OS compared to SBRT in managing adrenal metastases, while both treatment methods displayed acceptable toxicity profiles. However, patient selection bias must be taken into account when directly comparing the two therapy modalities. Nevertheless, the study provides new and important results for the scientific and medical communities regarding oncological outcomes after SBRT or surgical resection of adrenal metastases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Radiation Research in Cancers, 2nd Edition)
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13 pages, 11263 KiB  
Article
Unlocking the Potential Role of Decellularized Biological Scaffolds as a 3D Radiobiological Model for Low- and High-LET Irradiation
by Alexandra Charalampopoulou, Amelia Barcellini, Andrea Peloso, Alessandro Vanoli, Stefania Cesari, Antonia Icaro Cornaglia, Margarita Bistika, Stefania Croce, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Giovanni Battista Ivaldi, Laura Deborah Locati, Giuseppe Magro, Paola Tabarelli de Fatis, Marco Giuseppe Pullia, Ester Orlandi and Angelica Facoetti
Cancers 2024, 16(14), 2582; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16142582 - 18 Jul 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1198
Abstract
Introduction: Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds have emerged as a promising three-dimensional (3D) model, but so far there are no data concerning their use in radiobiological studies. Material and Methods: We seeded two well-known radioresistant cell lines (HMV-II and PANC-1) in decellularized porcine [...] Read more.
Introduction: Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds have emerged as a promising three-dimensional (3D) model, but so far there are no data concerning their use in radiobiological studies. Material and Methods: We seeded two well-known radioresistant cell lines (HMV-II and PANC-1) in decellularized porcine liver-derived scaffolds and irradiated them with both high- (Carbon Ions) and low- (Photons) Linear Energy Transfer (LET) radiation in order to test whether a natural 3D-bioscaffold might be a useful tool for radiobiological research and to achieve an evaluation that could be as near as possible to what happens in vivo. Results: Biological scaffolds provided a favorable 3D environment for cell proliferation and expansion. Cells did not show signs of dedifferentiation and retained their distinct phenotype coherently with their anatomopathological and clinical behaviors. The radiobiological response to high LET was higher for HMV-II and PANC-1 compared to the low LET. In particular, Carbon Ions reduced the melanogenesis in HMV-II and induced more cytopathic effects and the substantial cell deterioration of both cell lines compared to photons. Conclusions: In addition to offering a suitable 3D model for radiobiological research and an appropriate setting for preclinical oncological analysis, we can attest that bioscaffolds seemed cost-effective due to their ease of use, low maintenance requirements, and lack of complex technology Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Radiation Research in Cancers, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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12 pages, 1362 KiB  
Review
Ionizing Radiation May Induce Tumors Partly Through the Alteration or Regulation of Mismatch Repair Genes
by Mingzhu Sun, Kevin Monahan, Jayne Moquet and Stephen Barnard
Cancers 2025, 17(4), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17040564 - 7 Feb 2025
Viewed by 870
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is mutagenic and carcinogenic, and it is reported to induce primary and secondary tumors with intestinal tumors being one of the most commonly observed. However, the pathological and molecular mechanism(s) underlying the radiation-associated tumorigenesis remain unclear. A link between radiation and [...] Read more.
Ionizing radiation is mutagenic and carcinogenic, and it is reported to induce primary and secondary tumors with intestinal tumors being one of the most commonly observed. However, the pathological and molecular mechanism(s) underlying the radiation-associated tumorigenesis remain unclear. A link between radiation and somatic tumorigenesis partly through genetic, epigenetic alteration and/or regulation of mismatch repair (MMR) genes has been hypothesized for the first time within this review. Clinical observations and experimental findings provide significant support for this association including MMR mutations as well as altered MMR RNA and protein expressions that occurred post-exposure, although existing evidence in published literature is sparse in this niche area. Some speculative mechanisms are suggested with this review to inform future research. Further studies are needed to understand the roles of the MMR system in response to radiation and to test this possible connection which could potentially provide useful and urgently needed information for clinical guidance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Radiation Research in Cancers, 2nd Edition)
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