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Cancers
Special Issues
Clinical Research on Thoracic Cancer
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Clinical Research on Thoracic Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 6 June 2025 | Viewed by 525

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yuichi Saito

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
Interests: thoracic malignancy; small lung cancer; intraoperative localization; VATS; minimally invasive surgery; surgical pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hiroyuki Adachi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
Interests: thoracic malignancy; non-small-cell lung cancer; perioperative therapy; minimally invasive surgery; combined resection and reconstruction; bronchoplasty

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clinical research has come to play an increasingly important role in all malignant diseases, including thoracic cancer. For a long time, cancer treatments designed for the “average patient” based on the TNM classification have been used as a method for objectively describing the progression of cancer. These conventional treatments may be effective for some patients but have little effect on others. In the last 20 years, molecular biological techniques have proven that cancer is caused by an accumulation of genetic abnormalities; in other words, cancer has come to be considered a type of genetic disease. Precision medicine is a new medical concept in which treatment takes into account individual differences in genetic information, and genomic testing has been shown to be useful as a predictor of cancer treatment.

The advent of immunotherapy and molecular target drugs has significantly changed the treatment scheme for patients with thoracic cancers. In recent years, the introduction of these drugs into the perioperative period has become a hot topic even in the field of thoracic cancer, and some indications of treatment for thoracic cancer have changed significantly. Here, the purpose of this Special Issue is to understand the results of the latest clinical research to provide exciting changes for treatment strategies in thoracic cancer. This Special Issue welcomes reviews as well as original research articles by 6 June 2025.

Dr. Yuichi Saito
Dr. Hiroyuki Adachi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thoracic cancer
  • lung cancer
  • thymic cancer
  • malignant mesothelioma
  • radiotherapy
  • surgery
  • chemotherapy
  • immunotherapy
  • driver mutation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1120 KiB  
Article
Temporal Trends of Hyponatremia in Patients with Respiratory and Intrathoracic Cancers Treated with Chemotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
by Kuo-Cheng Lu, Ching-Liang Ho, Joshua Wang, Cai-Mei Zheng, Kuo-Wang Tsai, Yi-Chou Hou and Chien-Lin Lu
Cancers 2025, 17(9), 1459; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17091459 - 26 Apr 2025
Viewed by 218
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer a novel approach to cancer treatment by enhancing immune responses against malignant cells. However, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including hyponatremia, a potentially severe electrolyte disturbance. The risk of hyponatremia increases further when ICIs [...] Read more.
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer a novel approach to cancer treatment by enhancing immune responses against malignant cells. However, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including hyponatremia, a potentially severe electrolyte disturbance. The risk of hyponatremia increases further when ICIs are combined with cisplatin, a nephrotoxic chemotherapy agent widely used in treating respiratory and intrathoracic cancers. This study investigated the incidence, severity, and temporal dynamics of hyponatremia in patients treated with ICIs alone or in combination with cisplatin. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the TriNetX global health research network. Patients with respiratory or intrathoracic malignancies (n = 14,026) were divided into two groups: ICI-only (n = 7013) and ICI with cisplatin combination (n = 7013), matched using propensity scores. Hyponatremia was categorized into mild (130–134 mmol/L), moderate (125–129 mmol/L), and severe (<125 mmol/L). Temporal trends and cumulative incidence over 90 days were analyzed using Poisson regression. Results: The combination group exhibited a higher cumulative incidence of hyponatremia across all severity levels, with early-phase risk peaking within 20 days of treatment. Rate ratios for mild, moderate, and severe hyponatremia were significantly elevated in the combination group (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Hyponatremia is a significant complication in patients receiving ICIs, particularly when combined with cisplatin. Early monitoring and tailored management are essential to mitigate risks and optimize treatment outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Thoracic Cancer)
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