New Challenges in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 29 August 2025 | Viewed by 791
Special Issue Editors
Interests: clinical hematology; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; acute leukemias; immunotherapy; mesenchymal stromal cells; stem cell biology; biostatistics
Interests: clinical hematology; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; acute leukemias; graft versus host disease; immunotherapy
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Almost 70 years after the first successful attempt in 1956, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is currently a fundamental treatment option for oncohematological diseases and the precursor of immunotherapy of neoplastic diseases. Its use in patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can now be proposed up to old age thanks to major advancements in donor/host matching, pre-transplant conditioning, immunosuppressive therapy, and the prevention and management of infections.
Despite this, treatment-related mortality still ranges between 10 and 30%, mainly due to comorbidity, infectious complications, and the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Even without these complications, long-term cure of AML is still achieved only in a minority of high-risk patients, as allo-HSCT loses effectiveness when the transplant is performed with active resistant disease, or in the case of genetically adverse, e.g., complex-karyotype or TP53-mutated leukemias.
It is becoming increasingly common, then, to consider allo-HSCT as an additional step, rather than the final act, of the complex journey to cure; post-transplant interventions, ranging from earlier tapering of immunosuppression to various forms of maintenance, are currently being tested to improve outcome. Finally, intense research is being made on the rescue treatment options for relapsing patients, including a second transplantation.
We are pleased to invite authors to contribute with reviews of the literature and other original clinical research on all these topics, especially on the use of allo-HSCT against chemorefractory high-risk AML, on the prevention of relapse after transplantation and the treatment of steroid-refractory GVHD. Biological studies regarding the reconstitution of the immune system following allo-HSCT, the mechanisms of persistence of leukemic stem cells (LSC), and the mechanisms of GVHD resistance to treatment are also welcome.
We look forward to receiving your contributions!
Dr. Federico Mosna
Dr. Irene Cavattoni
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (allo-HSCT)
- immunotherapy
- leukemic stem cells
- graft versus host disease (GVHD)
- infections in immunodepressed patients
- immune reconstitution
- post-transplant management
- long-term results
- clinical
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